Search results for "Primary health"
showing 10 items of 185 documents
Secondary Stroke Prevention in Polish Adults: Results from the LIPIDOGRAM2015 Study
2021
Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate secondary stroke prevention in Poland and its association with sociodemographic factors, place of residence, and concomitant cardiovascular risk factors. Material and methods: From all patients in LIPIDOGRAM2015 Study (n = 13,724), 268 subjects had a history of ischaemic stroke and were included. Results: 165 subjects (61.6%) used at least one preventive medication. Oral antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents were used by 116 (43.3%) and 70 (26.1%) patients, respectively. Only 157 (58.6%) participants used lipid-lowering drugs, and 205 (76.5%) were treated with antihypertensive drugs. Coronary heart disease (CHD) and dyslipidaemia were a…
Inter-society consensus document on treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in newborns and infants
2014
Acute bronchiolitis is the leading cause of lower respiratory t ract infection and hospitalization in children less than 1y ear of age worldwide. It is usually a mild disease, but some children may develop severe symptoms, requiring hospital admission and ventilatory support in the ICU. Infants with pre-existing risk factors (prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart diseases and immunodeficiency) may be predisposed to a severe form of the disease. Clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis is manly based on medical history and physical examination (rhinorrhea, cough, crackles, wheezing and signs of respiratory distress). Etiological diagnosis, with antigen or genome detection to i…
Validation of Automated Screening for Referable Diabetic Retinopathy With an Autonomous Diagnostic Artificial Intelligence System in a Spanish Popula…
2020
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic performance of an autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) system for the diagnosis of referable diabetic retinopathy (RDR) to manual grading by Spanish ophthalmologists. Methods: Subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes participated in a diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening program in 2011 to 2012 in Valencia (Spain), and two images per eye were collected according to their standard protocol. Mydriatic drops were used in all patients. Retinal images—one disc and one fovea centered—were obtained under the Medical Research Ethics Committee approval and de-identified. Exams were graded by the autonomous AI system (IDx-DR, Coralville, Io…
Estrategias ante el uso de Internet por población usuaria en Atención Primaria: una clasificación sociológica
2021
Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar y clasificar las estrategias comunicativas que desarrollan los/las profesionales de atención primaria de salud de la Comunitat Valenciana ante el uso de Internet como fuente de información de salud por parte de la población usuaria, a través de las categorías analíticas de poder y control que, según Basil Bernstein, caracterizan los procesos de comunicación de los encuentros terapéuticos. Método: Estudio cualitativo mediante entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales de atención primaria de salud de la Comunitat Valenciana (n = 18). Para el análisis de los discursos se ha aplicado el lenguaje de descripción de la teoría de Bernstein con el objetivo de clasificar …
Development of a short questionnaire based on the Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index in primary health care
2019
BackgroundProfessional nursing environments determine the quality of care and patient outcomes. Assessing the quality of environments is essential to improve and obtain better health outcomes. Simplifying and shortening the way to evaluate environments reliably is also important to help nurses better understand the strengths and weaknesses of their environments. In that sense, identifying essential elements of nursing environments would allow the construction of short assessment tools to improve such environments.ObjectiveTo construct a short tool to assess primary health care (PHC) nursing environments based on the Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) questionnaire.Metho…
A Bayesian cost-effectiveness analysis of a telemedicine-based strategy for the management of sleep apnoea: a multicentre randomised controlled trial
2015
Background Compliance with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is essential in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but adequate control is not always possible. This is clinically important because CPAP can reverse the morbidity and mortality associated with OSA. Telemedicine, with support provided via a web platform and video conferences, could represent a cost-effective alternative to standard care management. Aim To assess the telemedicine impact on treatment compliance, cost-effectiveness and improvement in quality of life (QoL) when compared with traditional face-to-face follow-up. Methods A randomised controlled trial was performed to compare a telemedicine-bas…
The Differences in the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease, Its Risk Factors, and Achievement of Therapeutic Goals among Urban and Rural Primary Car…
2021
A nationwide cross-sectional study, LIPIDOGRAM2015, was carried out in Poland in the years 2015 and 2016. A total of 438 primary care physicians enrolled 13,724 adult patients that sought medical care in primary health care practices. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, and CVD were similar in urban and rural areas (49.5 vs. 49.4%; 13.7 vs. 13.1%; 84.2 vs. 85.2%; 14.4 vs. 14.2%, respectively). The prevalence of obesity (32.3 vs. 37.5%, p p p p = 0.04) and non-HDL-C (147 vs. 148 mg/dL, p = 0.03) were slightly higher in rural populations. Altogether, 14.3% of patients with CVD from urban areas and 11.3% from rural areas reached LDL p = 0.04). There were no import…
A cardiovascular educational intervention for primary care professionals in Spain: positive impact in a quasi-experimental study
2015
Background Routine general practice data collection can help identify patients at risk of cardiovascular disease. Aim To determine whether a training programme for primary care professionals improves the recording of cardiovascular disease risk factors in electronic health records. Design and setting A quasi-experimental study without random assignment of professionals. This was an educational intervention study, consisting of an online-classroom 1-year training programme, and carried out in the Valencian community in Spain. Method The prevalence rates of recording of cardiovascular factors (recorded every 6 months over a 4-year period) were compared between intervention and control group. …
Intervenciones psicológicas basadas en mindfulness y sus beneficios: estado actual de la cuestión
2016
ResumenLas intervenciones basadas en mindfulness (IBM) se fundamentan en antiguas prácticas del budismo, actualizadas y adaptadas al contexto occidental. En la presente revisión se describirán las técnicas más usadas, para a continuación analizar los mecanismos de acción que el mindfulness (i.e., atención plena) parece activar como intervención psicológica. En la segunda parte se revisarán los estudios de tipo aplicado. Se comenzará analizando los ensayos clínicos y metaanálisis relativos a las intervenciones sobre problemas mentales. En un segundo momento se analizarán los estudios de eficacia y metaanálisis relativos a los problemas de salud física. En la parte final se tratan algunos tem…
The pros and cons of the implementation of a chronic care model in European rural primary care: the points of view of European rural general practiti…
2021
Introduction: This article describes the views of European rural general practitioners regarding the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the implementation of a chronic care model (CCM) in European rural primary care. Methods: This was a mixed-methods online survey. Data were collected from 227 general practitioners between May and December 2017. Categorical data were analysed using descriptive methods while free-text responses were analysed using qualitative methods. The setting was rural primary care in nine European countries (including Central and Eastern Europe). Main outcomes measures were respondents' evaluations of a chronic care model in their rural heal…