Search results for "Primary"
showing 10 items of 2384 documents
Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs): A Unique Model of Cancer Metastases and Non-invasive Biomarkers of Therapeutic Response
2021
Late-stage cancer metastasis remains incurable in the clinic and is the major cause death in patients. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are thought to be metastatic precursors shed from the primary tumor or metastatic deposits and circulate in the blood. The molecular network regulating CTC survival, extravasation, and colonization in distant metastatic sites is poorly defined, largely due to challenges in isolating rare CTCs. Recent advances in CTC isolation and ex vivo culture techniques facilitates single-cell omics and the development of related animal models to study CTC-mediated metastatic progression. With these powerful tools, CTCs can potentially be used as non-invasive biomarkers pr…
Accounting for littoral primary production by periphyton shifts a highly humic boreal lake towards net autotrophy
2016
1. The prevailing view that many humic lakes are net heterotrophic is commonly based on pelagicmeasurements alone. Poor light conditions in humic lakes are assumed to constrain littoral primaryproduction (PP), such that the littoral zone has been considered an insignificant contributor towhole-lake PP. However, that assumption is based on models and inferences from pelagic processeswhich do not take littoral zone structure into account. Many lakes have an extensive ring of aquaticvegetation lying near the water surface, which provides substratum for epiphytic algae under well-illuminated conditions.2. We measured both pelagic and littoral PP and community respiration (CR) in Mekkoj€arvi, a s…
Increasing temperature and productivity change biomass, trophic pyramids and community‐level omega‐3 fatty acid content in subarctic lake food webs
2021
Climate change in the Arctic is outpacing the global average and land-use is intensifying due to exploitation of previously inaccessible or unprofitable natural resources. A comprehensive understanding of how the joint effects of changing climate and productivity modify lake food web structure, biomass, trophic pyramid shape and abundance of physiologically essential biomolecules (omega-3 fatty acids) in the biotic community is lacking. We conducted a space-for-time study in 20 subarctic lakes spanning a climatic (+3.2 degrees C and precipitation: +30%) and chemical (dissolved organic carbon: +10 mg/L, total phosphorus: +45 mu g/L and total nitrogen: +1,000 mu g/L) gradient to test how temp…
Apoptotic-like Leishmania exploit the host´s autophagy machinery to reduce T-cell-mediated parasite elimination
2015
Apoptosis is a well-defined cellular process in which a cell dies, characterized by cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation. In parasites like Leishmania, the process of apoptosis-like cell death has been described. Moreover upon infection, the apoptotic-like population is essential for disease development, in part by silencing host phagocytes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of how apoptosis in unicellular organisms may support infectivity remains unclear. Therefore we investigated the fate of apoptotic-like Leishmania parasites in human host macrophages. Our data showed--in contrast to viable parasites--that apoptotic-like parasites enter an LC3(+), autophagy-like compartment. The compartm…
Individuality in the Early Number Skill Components Underlying Basic Arithmetic Skills
2018
Early number skills underlie success in basic arithmetic. However, very little is known about the skill profiles among children in preprimary education and how the potential profiles are related to arithmetic development. This longitudinal study of 440 Finnish children in preprimary education (mean age: 75 months) modeled latent performance-level profile groups for the early number skill components that are proposed to be key predictors of arithmetic (symbolic number comparison, mapping, and verbal counting skills). Based on three assessment time points (September, January, and May), four profile groups were found: the poorest-performing (6%), low-performing (16%), near-average-performing (…
Individuality in the Early Number Skill Components Underlying Basic Arithmetic Skills.
2018
Early number skills underlie success in basic arithmetic. However, very little is known about the skill profiles among children in preprimary education and how the potential profiles are related to arithmetic development. This longitudinal study of 440 Finnish children in preprimary education (mean age: 75 months) modeled latent performance-level profile groups for the early number skill components that are proposed to be key predictors of arithmetic (symbolic number comparison, mapping, and verbal counting skills). Based on three assessment time points (September, January, and May), four profile groups were found: the poorest-performing (6%), low-performing (16%), near-average-performing (…
The outcomes of national literacy programs on basic reading skills in familiar language among Zambian early graders
2016
In Zambia the Ministry of General Education implemented two national literacy programs in order to improve low levels of reading; the Primary Reading Program (PRP) implemented from 1999 to 2014 and the Primary Literacy Program (PLP) piloted in some schools in 2014 before being scaled up. This research examines the acquisition of basic reading skills among learners in familiar languages at the end of grade 2 in the two national literacy programs. I examined assessment results separately for each program and compared the two with each other. Outcomes were observed on the basis of the Early Grade Reading assessment test battery given to random samples of children (n=393) in 40 schools from 4 d…
Opetuskäytänteet ja niiden yhteys lukutaidon kehitykseen ensimmäisinä kouluvuosina
2018
Xin Tangin psykologian väitöskirja ”Teaching Practices in Early Primary School: Dimensions, Patterns and Consequences” tarkastettiin Jyväskylän yliopiston kasvatustieteiden ja psykologian tiedekunnassa 13. joulukuuta 2017. Vastaväittäjänä toimi apulaisprofessori Antje von Suchodoletz (New York University Abu Dhabi) ja kustoksena professori Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen (Jyväskylän yliopisto). nonPeerReviewed
Identification of proprioceptive thalamocortical tracts in children: comparison of fMRI, MEG, and manual seeding of probabilistic tractography
2022
Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press. Studying white matter connections with tractography is a promising approach to understand the development of different brain processes, such as proprioception. An emerging method is to use functional brain imaging to select the cortical seed points for tractography, which is considered to improve the functional relevance and validity of the studied connections. However, it is unknown whether different functional seeding methods affect the spatial and microstructural properties of the given white matter connection. Here, we compared functional magnetic resonance imaging, magnetoencephalography, and manual seedin…
¿Cómo se trata el tiempo atmosférico y el clima en la Educación Primaria? Una exploración a partir de los recursos y actividades de los manuales de t…
2020
El estudio del clima y del tiempo atmosférico constituye una tarea fundamental en la formación del alumnado (en todos sus niveles) debido a la enorme transcendencia social que tiene para gran parte de las actividades cotidianas. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los recursos y actividades sobre Climatología que se proponen en los manuales de texto de Primaria (3er Ciclo; Ciencias Sociales) de la Comunidad Valenciana (España). Metodológicamente se han consultado las principales editoriales que se utilizan en esta región. Los resultados indican que actualmente los libros de texto son meramente informativos y transmisivos. Respecto a los recursos, gran parte de los que se utilizan …