Search results for "Principle"

showing 10 items of 1023 documents

Gradient elasticity and nonstandard boundary conditions

2003

Abstract Gradient elasticity for a second gradient model is addressed within a suitable thermodynamic framework apt to account for nonlocality. The pertinent thermodynamic restrictions upon the gradient constitutive equations are derived, which are shown to include, besides the field (differential) stress–strain laws, a set of nonstandard boundary conditions. Consistently with the latter thermodynamic requirements, a surface layer with membrane stresses is envisioned in the strained body, which together with the above nonstandard boundary conditions make the body constitutively insulated (i.e. no long distance energy flows out of the boundary surface due to nonlocality). The total strain en…

Applied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringConstitutive equationGeometryMechanicsEquilibrium equationCondensed Matter PhysicsTotal strainMinimum total potential energy principleQuantum nonlocalityMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceBoundary value problemSurface layerElasticity (economics)MathematicsInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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The Studio: Reflections and Issues Arising

1999

An advanced Telematic Studio was built at the University of Jyvaskyla to combine the latest technologies for local and distributed work and/or meetings. The objectives were to combine leading edge technologies with ethnographic design principles derived from CSCW and HCI to support a broad range of activities. We informed the design by studies of similar facilities on other sites. The Studio is popular, and it is easy to give glowing accounts of its use. Nevertheless, over three years a significant number of problems have arisen with both technologies and uses. Some of these are local. Others may be generalisable to any ‘cooperative building’. For example: problems with videoconferencing; i…

Architectural engineeringWorkstationbusiness.industryComputer scienceDesign elements and principlescomputer.software_genreComputer securitylaw.inventionVideoconferencingWork (electrical)lawComputer-supported cooperative workEthnographySystems designTelematicsbusinesscomputerStudio
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TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and cervical cancer

2009

Background Cervical cancer is caused primarily by human papillomaviruses (HPV). The polymorphism rs1042522 at codon 72 of the TP53 tumour-suppressor gene has been investigated as a genetic cofactor. More than 80 studies were done between 1998 and 2006, after it was initially reported that women who are homozygous for the arginine allele had a risk for cervical cancer seven times higher than women who were heterozygous for the allele. However, results have been inconsistent. Here we analyse pooled data from 49 studies to determine whether there is an association between TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and cervical cancer.Methods Individual data on 7946 cases and 7888 controls from 49 different st…

ArginineMESH : Polymorphism GeneticMESH: Genes p53MESH : AgedPhysiologyUterine Cervical NeoplasmsMESH: Papillomavirus Infections[ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer0302 clinical medicineGenotypeMESH : FemaleCervical cancerGeneticsMESH: AgedMESH : Papillomavirus Infections0303 health sciencesMESH: Middle AgedHPV infectionMESH: Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseMiddle AgedMESH : AdultWILD-TYPE P53Hardy–Weinberg principle3. Good healthMESH: Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsOncologyMESH: Young Adult030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMeta-analysisFemaleAdultAdolescentMESH : Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsMESH : Young Adult[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/CancerMESH : Genes p5303 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultSQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONSMESH : AdolescentINDIAN WOMENMESH: Polymorphism GeneticmedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseMESH : Middle AgedAllele030304 developmental biologyAgedMESH: AdolescentMESH: HumansPolymorphism GeneticHUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16business.industryP53 ARG72PRO POLYMORPHISMHEALTHY WOMENPapillomavirus InfectionsMESH : HumansMESH: AdultOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseGenes p53GENOTYPESHARDY-WEINBERG EQUILIBRIUMRISK-FACTORSMESH : Genetic Predisposition to DiseasebusinessMESH: FemaleHPV INFECTIONLancet Oncology
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Un caso limite di persuasione. Strategie argomentative in Metafisica Gamma

2014

A partire dall’analisi del IV libro della Metafisica di Aristotele, l’articolo si propone di fornire alcuni spunti di riflessione sul funzionamento dei processi persuasivi nella prospettiva aristotelica. La difesa del principio di non contraddizione, infatti, si presenta come un caso di studio estremamente interessante per chi voglia studiare da una parte la relazione tra persuasione, evidenza e dimostrazione e, dall’altra, più in generale, il ruolo della persuasione nell’antropologia aristotelica.

Aristotle Persuasion Principle of Non-Contradiction ViolenceSettore M-FIL/05 - Filosofia E Teoria Dei Linguaggi
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Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem for the Second Order Asymptotically Linear System

2016

We consider the second order system x′′=f(x) with the Dirichlet boundary conditions x(0)=0=x(1), where the vector field f∈C1(Rn,Rn) is asymptotically linear and f(0)=0. We provide the existence and multiplicity results using the vector field rotation theory.

Article SubjectDirichlet conditionslcsh:MathematicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisMixed boundary conditionDirichlet's energylcsh:QA1-93901 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicssymbols.namesakeDirichlet eigenvalueGeneralized Dirichlet distributionDirichlet's principleDirichlet boundary conditionsymbolsBoundary value problem0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematicsInternational Journal of Differential Equations
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Assessment of the Operating Temperature of Crystalline PV Modules Based on Real Use Conditions

2014

Determining the operating temperatureTcof photovoltaic panelsPVis important in evaluating the actual performance of these systems. In the literature, different correlations exist, in either explicit or implicit forms, which often do not account for the electrical behaviour of panels; in this way, estimatingTcis based only on the passive behaviour of thePV. In this paper, the authors propose a new implicit correlation that takes into account the standard weather variables and the electricity production regimes of aPVpanel in terms of the proximity to the maximum power points. To validate its reliability, the new correlation was tested on two different PV panels (Sanyo and Kyocera panels) and…

Article Subjectpv panels; convective exchange;Maximum power principleRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:TJ807-830Photovoltaic systemlcsh:Renewable energy sourcesGeneral ChemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsReliability engineeringElectricity generationOperating temperaturepv panelGeneral Materials ScienceQuality (business)Reliability (statistics)media_commonconvective exchange
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CostNet: An End-to-End Framework for Goal-Directed Reinforcement Learning

2020

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a general framework concerned with an agent that seeks to maximize rewards in an environment. The learning typically happens through trial and error using explorative methods, such as \(\epsilon \)-greedy. There are two approaches, model-based and model-free reinforcement learning, that show concrete results in several disciplines. Model-based RL learns a model of the environment for learning the policy while model-free approaches are fully explorative and exploitative without considering the underlying environment dynamics. Model-free RL works conceptually well in simulated environments, and empirical evidence suggests that trial and error lead to a near-opti…

Artificial neural networkEnd-to-end principlebusiness.industryComputer scienceReinforcement learningSample (statistics)Markov decision processArtificial intelligenceEmpirical evidenceTrial and errorbusinessFeature learning
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Cosmological bounds on neutrino statistics

2018

We consider the phenomenological implications of the violation of the Pauli exclusion principle for neutrinos, focusing on cosmological observables such as the spectrum of Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and the primordial abundances of light elements. Neutrinos that behave (at least partly) as bosonic particles have a modified equilibrium distribution function that implies a different influence on the evolution of the Universe that, in the case of massive neutrinos, can not be simply parametrized by a change in the effective number of neutrinos. Our results show that, despite the precision of the available cosmological data, only very weak bounds can …

AstrofísicaCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCosmic microwave backgroundFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsNeutrino properties01 natural sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)symbols.namesakePauli exclusion principleHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Big Bang nucleosynthesis0103 physical sciencesStatisticsAnisotropy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsCosmologia010308 nuclear & particles physicsBig bang nucleosynthesisSpectrum (functional analysis)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyObservableAstronomy and AstrophysicsCosmological neutrinos neutrino properties big bang nucleosynthesis cosmological parameters from CMBRCosmological parameters from CMBRHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologysymbolsastro-ph.COBig bang nucleosynthesis; Cosmological neutrinos; Cosmological parameters from CMBR; Neutrino properties; astro-ph.CO; astro-ph.CO; High Energy Physics - Phenomenology; Astronomy and AstrophysicsCosmological neutrinosHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBaryon acoustic oscillationsNeutrinoAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A

2017

On 2017 August 17, the gravitational-wave event GW170817 was observed by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors, and the gamma-ray burst (GRB) GRB 170817A was observed independently by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor, and the Anticoincidence Shield for the Spectrometer for the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory. The probability of the near-simultaneous temporal and spatial observation of GRB 170817A and GW170817 occurring by chance is $5.0\times 10^{-8}$. We therefore confirm binary neutron star mergers as a progenitor of short GRBs. The association of GW170817 and GRB 170817A provides new insight into fundamental physics and the origin of short gamma-ray bursts. We use the ob…

AstrofísicaGravitacióneutron star: binaryclose [binaries]Astronomy[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]BATSE OBSERVATIONSgamma-ray burst: generalEQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLEEXTENDED EMISSIONastro-ph.HE; astro-ph.HEAstrophysicsKilonovageneral [gamma-ray burst]01 natural sciences7. Clean energyGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologyphoton: velocityPROMPT EMISSIONLIGOclose gamma-ray burst: general gravitational waves [binaries]gravitational wave010303 astronomy & astrophysicsGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)BURST SPECTRAQCQBPhysicsastro-ph.HEHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)binaries: closeGRBEQUATION-OF-STATEviolation: Lorentzgamma ray: emissiongravitational wavesAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGWradiation: electromagneticAfterglow Light CurvesAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicsgamma ray: burstinvariance: LorentzGW GRB LIGO Virgo Fermi BNSGLASTOptical Afterglows0103 physical sciencesgamma ray: detectorBinaries: close; gamma-ray burst: general; gravitational wavesSTFCFermi010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational waveVirgogravitational radiationRCUKAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and Astrophysictime delaysensitivityShapiro delayLIGORedshiftNeutron starVIRGOPhysics and AstronomyHOST GALAXYCPT VIOLATION13. Climate actiongravitationSpace and Planetary ScienceLUMINOSITY FUNCTIONVIEWING ANGLEbinaries: close; gamma-ray burst: general; gravitational waves; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary ScienceBNSspectrometerGamma-ray burst[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]redshift: measuredFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeAstrophysical Journal Letters
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Mechanisms of Banner Cloud Formation

2013

Abstract Banner clouds are clouds in the lee of steep mountains or sharp ridges. Their formation has previously been hypothesized as due to three different mechanisms: (i) vertical uplift in a lee vortex (which has a horizontal axis), (ii) adiabatic expansion along quasi-horizontal trajectories (the so-called Bernoulli effect), and (iii) a mixing cloud (i.e., condensation through mixing of two unsaturated air masses). In the present work, these hypotheses are tested and quantitatively evaluated against each other by means of large-eddy simulation. The model setup is chosen such as to represent idealized but prototypical conditions for banner cloud formation. In this setup the lee-vortex mec…

Atmospheric ScienceWork (thermodynamics)Meteorologymedia_common.quotation_subjectCondensationGeometryAsymmetryPlumeVortexBernoulli's principleAdiabatic processMixing (physics)Geologymedia_commonJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
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