Search results for "Problems"

showing 10 items of 620 documents

The impact of learning difficulties and socioemotional and behavioural problems on transition to postsecondary education or work life in Finland: a f…

2016

AbstractLearning difficulties have been found to dilute the possibilities that young adults have in their educational careers. However, during the last few decades, education has become increasingly important for employment and overall life satisfaction. In the present study, we were interested in the effects of mathematical and reading difficulties and socioemotional and behavioural problems (measured at age 16) on three educational situations at age 21: delayed graduation from upper secondary education, short educational trajectory and not being engaged in education, employment or training (NEET). The participants (N = 597; 304 females, 293 males) were one age cohort of ninth graders in g…

Compulsory educationSpecial educationHealth Professions (miscellaneous)externalising problemsEducationDevelopmental psychologymathematical difficultiesDevelopmental and Educational Psychologymedicineta5160501 psychology and cognitive sciencesreading difficultieseducational careerSocioemotional selectivity theory05 social sciencestransition050301 educationLife satisfactionQuality of working lifesocial problemsEducational attainmentLearning disabilitymedicine.symptomPsychology0503 educationInclusion (education)050104 developmental & child psychologyEuropean Journal of Special Needs Education
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Spectral approach to the scattering map for the semi-classical defocusing Davey–Stewartson II equation

2019

International audience; The inverse scattering approach for the defocusing Davey–Stewartson II equation is given by a system of D-bar equations. We present a numerical approach to semi-classical D-bar problems for real analytic rapidly decreasing potentials. We treat the D-bar problem as a complex linear second order integral equation which is solved with discrete Fourier transforms complemented by a regularization of the singular parts by explicit analytic computation. The resulting algebraic equation is solved either by fixed point iterations or GMRES. Several examples for small values of the semi-classical parameter in the system are discussed.

ComputationFOS: Physical sciences010103 numerical & computational mathematicsFixed point01 natural sciencesRegularization (mathematics)[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Davey-Stewartson equationsFOS: MathematicsApplied mathematicsMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]Mathematics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsScattering010102 general mathematicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsD-bar problemsNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Condensed Matter PhysicsFourier spectral methodGeneralized minimal residual methodIntegral equationAlgebraic equationInverse scattering problemExactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)Limit
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The Nature of and Factors Related to Reading Difficulties Among Adolescents in a Transparent Orthography

2013

We examined the nature of and factors related to adolescents’ reading difficulties in a highly transparent orthography. We compared word, pseudoword, and text reading speed and accuracy, rapid naming (RAN) and phonological processing between poor readers (n = 80) and normally developing readers (n = 189). Reading problems were manifested in reading speed and in timed pseudoword reading accuracy. RAN predicted speed, and phonological processing predicted accuracy of reading in both groups. Among poor readers, RAN also explained reading accuracy. For the normally developing sample, phonological processing also predicted reading speed.

Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectText readingLinguisticsEducationPseudowordReading ProblemsReading (process)ta516Psychology (miscellaneous)ta515OrthographyCognitive psychologymedia_commonScientific Studies of Reading
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Medical Student Ultrasound Education, a WFUMB Position Paper, Part II. A consensus statement of ultrasound societies.

2020

Ultrasound is becoming a fundamental first-line diagnostic tool for most medical specialties and an innovative tool to teach anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology to undergraduate and graduate students. However, availability of structured training programs during medical school is lagging behind and many physicians still acquire all their ultrasound skills during postgraduate training.There is wide variation in medical student ultrasound education worldwide. Sharing successful educational strategies from early adopter medical schools and learning from leading education programs should advance the integration of ultrasound into the university medical school curricula. In this overview, we …

ConsensusInternationalityStudents MedicalAcoustics and UltrasonicsEducation; Position paper; Skills; Ultrasound; WFUMBeducationMEDLINE610 Medicine & healthWFUMBEducationEarly adopter360 Social problems & social servicesUltrasoundMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingUniversity medicalPosition paperUltrasonics610 Medicine & healthCurriculumSchools MedicalUltrasonographyStatement (computer science)Medical educationRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyEducation Medicalbusiness.industrySkillsUltrasoundMedical schoolPosition paperCurriculumbusiness360 Social problems & social servicesMedical ultrasonography
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Fractional visco-elastic Euler–Bernoulli beam

2013

Abstract Aim of this paper is the response evaluation of fractional visco-elastic Euler–Bernoulli beam under quasi-static and dynamic loads. Starting from the local fractional visco-elastic relationship between axial stress and axial strain, it is shown that bending moment, curvature, shear, and the gradient of curvature involve fractional operators. Solution of particular example problems are studied in detail providing a correct position of mechanical boundary conditions. Moreover, it is shown that, for homogeneous beam both correspondence principles also hold in the case of Euler–Bernoulli beam with fractional constitutive law. Virtual work principle is also derived and applied to some c…

Constitutive equationVirtual work principleCurvatureFractional calculuViscoelasticityQuasi-static problemsVisco-elastic beamMaterials Science(all)Euler-Bernoulli beamModelling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceVirtual workBoundary value problemMathematicsApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisFractional calculusCondensed Matter PhysicsFractional calculusClassical mechanicsMechanics of MaterialsQuasi-static problemModeling and SimulationEuler–Bernoulli beamBending momentCylinder stressSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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Optimistic NAUTILUS navigator for multiobjective optimization with costly function evaluations

2022

AbstractWe introduce novel concepts to solve multiobjective optimization problems involving (computationally) expensive function evaluations and propose a new interactive method called O-NAUTILUS. It combines ideas of trade-off free search and navigation (where a decision maker sees changes in objective function values in real time) and extends the NAUTILUS Navigator method to surrogate-assisted optimization. Importantly, it utilizes uncertainty quantification from surrogate models like Kriging or properties like Lipschitz continuity to approximate a so-called optimistic Pareto optimal set. This enables the decision maker to search in unexplored parts of the Pareto optimal set and requires …

Control and Optimizationdecision makersApplied Mathematicspäätöksentekopreference informationManagement Science and Operations Researchinteractive methodsmonitavoiteoptimointiComputer Science ApplicationsoptimointiBusiness Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)multiobjective optimization problemskrigingmallit (mallintaminen)kriging-menetelmäcomputational cost
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Free-surface flows solved by means of SPH schemes with numerical diffusive terms

2010

A novel system of equations has been defined which contains diffusive terms in both the continuity and energy equations and, at the leading order, coincides with a standard weakly-compressible SPH scheme with artificial viscosity. A proper state equation is used to associate the internal energy variation to the pressure field and to increase the speed of sound when strong deformations/compressions of the fluid occur. The increase of the sound speed is associated to the shortening of the time integration step and, therefore, allows a larger accuracy during both breaking and impact events. Moreover, the diffusive terms allows reducing the high frequency numerical acoustic noise and smoothing …

Convergence testsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFluid-structure impact problemsSPH pressure evaluationSmoothed particle hydrodynamicsSystem of linear equations01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsViscositySmoothed particle hydrodynamicSpeed of sound0103 physical sciencesConvergence testsFree-surface flow0101 mathematicsFree-surface flowsPhysicsInternal energyMechanics010101 applied mathematicsFluid-structure impact problemHardware and ArchitectureFree surfaceWeak-compressibilitySmoothing
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Fighting the COVID-19 Crisis: Debt Monétisation and EU Recovery Bonds

2020

AbstractThis paper highlights some peculiar characteristics of the economic crisis induced by the spread of COVID-19. It suggests two intertwined policy measures in order to tackle the emergency phase of the crisis and to support the economy in the subsequent recovery phase. The proposed short-term policy measures offer policy responses in the event of a second wave of coronavirus infections in the coming months. In the aftermath of the emergency phase, the current proposal puts forward the implementation of a massive EU-wide recovery plan addressing the long-lasting technological and environmental challenges of these years, which will be financed by European institutions through the issuan…

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Economic policyBondmedia_common.quotation_subjectHBEconomics Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous)COVID-19Articleseconomic crisisPhase (combat)HB1-3840Order (exchange)DebtEuropean integrationddc:330Business Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)Economic theory. DemographyBusinesscoronavirus crisisSocial history and conditions. Social problems. Social reformHN1-995Recovery phasemedia_commonSocial policyIntereconomics
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Anti-Hypotensive Treatment and Endothelin Blockade Synergistically Antagonize Exercise Fatigue in Rats under Simulated High Altitude

2013

Rapid ascent to high altitude causes illness and fatigue, and there is a demand for effective acute treatments to alleviate such effects. We hypothesized that increased oxygen delivery to the tissue using a combination of a hypertensive agent and an endothelin receptor A antagonist drugs would limit exercise-induced fatigue at simulated high altitude. Our data showed that the combination of 0.1 mg/kg ambrisentan with either 20 mg/kg ephedrine or 10 mg/kg methylphenidate significantly improved exercise duration in rats at simulated altitude of 4,267 m, whereas the individual compounds did not. In normoxic, anesthetized rats, ephedrine alone and in combination with ambrisentan increased heart…

Critical Care and Emergency MedicinePulmonologyPhysiologyAcclimatizationRespiratory Systemlcsh:MedicineAltitude SicknessPharmacologyCardiovascular PhysiologyDrug DiscoveryMedicine and Health SciencesDrug InteractionsSympathomimeticslcsh:ScienceFatigueAltitude sicknessEphedrineMammalsMultidisciplinaryPhenylpropionatesAltitudeDrug SynergismHematologyAnimal ModelsCell HypoxiaPyridazinesmedicine.anatomical_structureVertebratesBlood CirculationDrug Therapy CombinationAnatomymedicine.symptomEndothelin receptorPerfusionInjections IntraperitonealResearch Articlemedicine.drugDrug Research and DevelopmentAmbrisentanEndothelin A Receptor AntagonistsCardiologyEnvironmental and Occupational Lung DiseasesResearch and Analysis MethodsRodentsCardiovascular PharmacologyModel OrganismsHeart ratemedicineAnimalsRespiratory PhysiologySports and Exercise MedicinePharmacologyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryAcute Cardiovascular Problemslcsh:ROrganismsHemodynamicsBiology and Life SciencesSkeletal muscleHypoxia (medical)medicine.diseaseRatsDisease Models AnimalBlood pressureMethylphenidateCardiovascular Anatomylcsh:QClinical MedicinebusinessPLoS ONE
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Multiple solutions for a Sturm-Liouville problem with mixed boundary conditions

2010

Critical points mixed boundary value problems multiple solutions
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