Search results for "Processes"
showing 10 items of 3831 documents
Digital Transformation: An Overview of the Current State of the Art of Research
2021
[EN] The increasing digitalization of economies has highlighted the importance of digital transformation and how it can help businesses stay competitive in the market. However, disruptive changes not only occur at the company level; they also have environmental, societal, and institutional implications. This is the reason why during the past two decades the research on digital transformation has received growing attention, with a wide range of topics investigated in the literature. The following aims to provide insight regarding the current state of the literature on digital transformation (DT) by conducting a systematic literature review. An analysis of co-occurrence using the software VOS…
Induction of Human P-Glycoprotein in Caco-2 cells: Development of a Highly Sensitive Assay System for P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Drug Transport
2006
The aim of this work is to develop a highly sensitive assay system for P-gp-mediated transport by using two methods, induction of P-gp and short-term culture of Caco-2 cells. To induce P-gp in Caco-2 cells, cells were cultured in vinblastine-containing medium. The mRNA level of P-gp was approximately 7-fold higher in Caco-2 cells cultured with vinblastine (P-gp-induced Caco-2 cells) than in control cells. Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in P-gp expression. After cell differentiation, the mRNA level of P-gp was downregulated, however, P-gp-induced Caco-2 cells still possessed a 5.6-fold higher mRNA level of P-gp compared to control cells. Polarized transport of substrate …
Quantifying the thermo-mechanical impact of plume arrival on continental break-up
2013
Abstract The arrival of a plume head at Earth's continental lithosphere is often considered to be an important factor for continental break-up. However, the impact of plume impingement on strength and duration of a rift remains unclear. In this study, we quantify the mechanical and thermal influence of a plume (i.e. lithosphere erosion) on continental break-up. To do that we apply the three-dimensional numerical code SLIM3D that features realistic elasto-visco-plastic rheology. We model the thermo-mechanical response of a segment of Earth's lithosphere that is affected both by extension as well as plume-related lithosphere erosion in order to evaluate the influence on the overall force budg…
Testing a theoretical resistance law for overland flow under simulated rainfall with different types of vegetation
2020
Abstract In this paper a recently theoretically deduced flow resistance equation, based on a power-velocity profile, was tested using data collected for overland flow under simulated rainfall carried out in plots with vegetation. The available data were obtained exploring a wide range of rainfall intensities (from 60 to 181 mm h−1) and slopes (from 3.6 to 39.6%), and with four different types of vegetation. The database, including measurements of flow velocity, water depth, cross sectional flow area, wetted perimeter and bed slope, was divided in four datasets (one for each vegetation type), which allowed the calibration of the relationship between the velocity profile parameter Γ, the slop…
Assessing an overland flow resistance approach under equilibrium sediment transport conditions
2021
Abstract In this study, for the first time, a theoretically deduced flow resistance equation was tested for an overland flow under equilibrium sediment transport conditions using available experimental data by Liu et al. for five Chinese soils. Initially the relationship among the velocity profile parameter Γ, the channel slope, the flow Reynolds number, the Froude number and the sediment concentration was calibrated using 90 measurements of the available database (Loessial, Cinnamon and Black soil) and tested by other 60 measurements (Red and Purple soil). The results proved that the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor can be accurately estimated by the proposed theoretical approach, with error…
Assessing flow resistance in gravel bed channels by dimensional analysis and self-similarity
2018
Abstract In this paper a new flow resistance equation for open channel flow, based on the integration of a power velocity profile, was tested for gravel bed channels. First this flow resistance equation, theoretically deduced by dimensional analysis and incomplete self-similarity condition, was reported. Then a relationship between the Γ function of the velocity profile, the channel slope and the Froude number was calibrated by the available laboratory measurements of flow velocity, water depth and bed slope carried out in 416 flume experimental runs with a gravel bed. Then the relationship for estimating Γ function and the theoretical resistance equation was tested by 83 independent flume …
Experimental study of boulder concentration effect on flow resistance in gravel bed channels
2021
Abstract Previous studies demonstrated that for open channel flows the power velocity profile can be integrated to obtain the flow resistance law. In this paper the relationship between Γ coefficient of the power velocity distribution, the channel slope and Froude number (Eq. (9) ) is firstly presented. Then the measurements carried out in a laboratory flume covered by hemispheric elements for two different hydraulic conditions (partially inundated and inundated) are used to calibrate this relationship. These elements are placed with a square arrangement and have a concentration range 4–64%. For the two investigated hydraulic conditions, this analysis demonstrates that the relationship to e…
Path-wise versus kinetic modeling for equilibrating non-Langevin jump-type processes
2014
We discuss two independent methods of solution of a master equation whose biased jump transition rates account for long jumps of L\'{e}vy-stable type and nonetheless admit a Boltzmannian (thermal) equilibrium to arise in the large time asymptotics of a probability density function $\rho (x,t)$. Our main goal is to demonstrate a compatibility of a {\it direct} solution method (an explicit, albeit numerically assisted, integration of the master equation) with an {\it indirect} path-wise procedure, recently proposed in [Physica {\bf A 392}, 3485, (2013)] as a valid tool for a dynamical analysis of non-Langevin jump-type processes. The path-wise method heavily relies on an accumulation of large…
Location theories and business location decision: A micro-spatial investigation of a nonmetropolitan area in Canada
2016
This paper draws on location theories to statistically identify the relationship between the location of individual business establishments and the characterization of their local economic environment. Taking a micro-spatial perspective, the paper develops indicators from distance-based measures (DBM) to serve as independent variables in a discrete choice model (DCM). Using a 2006 database of individual business establishments in the Lower-St-Lawrence region—a coherent, nonmetropolitan subsystem of cities in the province of Québec, Canada—we provide an empirical analysis of the determinants of individual establishments’ location decisions in relation to their main economic activity within a…
Quadratic variation of martingales in Riesz spaces
2014
We derive quadratic variation inequalities for discrete-time martingales, sub- and supermartingales in the measure-free setting of Riesz spaces. Our main result is a Riesz space analogue of Austinʼs sample function theorem, on convergence of the quadratic variation processes of martingales http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-mathematical-analysis-and-applications/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2013.08.037 National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grant specific unique reference number (UID) 85672) and by GNAMPA of Italy (U 2012/000574 20/07/2012 and U 2012/000388 09/05/2012)