Search results for "Prospective studies"
showing 10 items of 3070 documents
Physical and Quality of Life Changes in Elderly Patients after Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer—A Prospective Cohort Study
2022
Background—The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing among elderly people, where postoperative complications are frequent. Methods—We evaluated postoperative physical and quality of life changes in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. A prospective cohort study was performed in 31 colorectal cancer patients ≥60 years who were scheduled for laparoscopic surgery due to colorectal cancer. Outcomes were measured one month preoperative (T1), three days postoperative (T2) and one month postoperative (T3). Results—The largest early postoperative (from T1 to T2) declines were observed for isometric knee extension strength (33.1%), 30 s …
Physical activity as a protective factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: systematic review, meta-analysis and quality assessment of cohort and …
2022
ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) is associated with a decreased incidence of dementia, but much of the evidence comes from short follow-ups prone to reverse causation. This meta-analysis investigates the effect of study length on the association.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes, dose–response analysis and funnel plots were used to synthesise the results.Data sourcesCINAHL (last search 19 October 2021), PsycInfo, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (21 October 2021) and SPORTDiscus (26 October 2021).Eligibility criteriaStudies of adults with a prospective follow-up of at least 1 year, a valid cognitive measure or cohort in mid-life at baseline and an estimate of the…
Olive oil intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the PREDIMED Study
2014
[Background] It is unknown whether individuals at high cardiovascular risk sustain a benefit in cardiovascular disease from increased olive oil consumption. The aim was to assess the association between total olive oil intake, its varieties (extra virgin and common olive oil) and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Risk of Serious Ventricular Arrhythmias: A Prospective Cohort Study.
2019
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease outcomes. However, the relationship of CRF with risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) is unknown. We aimed to assess the prospective association of CRF with the risk of serious VAs. Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by maximal oxygen uptake, was assessed using a respiratory gas exchange analyzer in 2299 middle-aged men in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease prospective cohort. We corrected for within-person variability in CRF levels using data from repeated measurements 11 years apart. During median follow-up of 25.3 years (interquartile range, 18.7-27.2 years), 73 serious VAs were recorded. The age-…
Trait Self-Control, Social Cognition Constructs, and Intentions: Correlational Evidence for Mediation and Moderation Effects in Diverse Health Behavi…
2019
Background: We examined effects of trait self‐control, constructs from social cognition theories, and intentions on health behaviours. Trait self‐control was expected to predict health behaviour indirectly through theory constructs and intentions. Trait self‐control was also predicted to moderate the intention–behaviour relationship. Methods: Proposed effects were tested in six datasets for ten health‐related behaviours from studies adopting prospective designs. Participants (N = 3,249) completed measures of constructs from social cognition theories and self‐control at an initial time point and self‐reported their behaviour at follow‐up. Results: Results revealed indirect effects of self‐co…
Optical quality of hyperopic and myopic phakic intraocular lenses
2013
Aims: To assess and compare the optical quality of the myopic and hyperopic implantable collamer lens (ICL) from its wavefront aberrations for different powers and pupil diameters. Settings and Design: Prospective study. Material and Methods: The wavefront aberrations of two myopic (−3 and −6 diopters (D)) and two hyperopic V4b ICLs (+3 and +6D) were measured in vitro . To assess and compare the optical quality of different powers of ICLs, we analyzed the root mean square (RMS) of total higher order aberrations (HOAs), trefoil, coma, tetrafoil, secondary astigmatism, and spherical aberration at 3- and 4.5-mm pupil. In addition, the point spread functions (PSFs) of each ICL evaluated were ca…
Depressive symptoms and long-term income: The Young Finns Study
2016
Abstract Background Higher depressive symptoms have been associated with lower future income. However, studies examining this issue have had limited follow-up times and have used self-reported measures of income. Also, possible confounders or mediators have not been accounted. Methods 971 women and 738 men were selected from the ongoing prospective Young Finns Study (YFS) that began in 1980. Depressive symptoms were measured in 1992 when participants were from 15 to 30 years old. Information on annual income and earnings from 1993 to 2010 were obtained from the Finnish Longitudinal Employer-Employee Data (FLEED) of Statistics Finland and linked to the YFS. Results Higher depressive symptoms…
Players with high physical fitness are at greater risk of injury in youth football.
2022
The aim of this study was to investigate physical fitness, football-specific skills and their association with injury risk in youth football. Altogether 447 male and female players aged 9 to 14 years (median 12 years) participated in performance tests and prospective follow-up. The physical fitness tests included five-jump test for distance, 30-m sprint, football-specific figure of eight agility, countermovement jump, and Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test level 1. The football-specific skill tests included dribbling and passing tests. Injuries and exposure were registered during the 20-week follow-up. Our candidate risk factors were low/high level of physical fitness measured with a composi…
Physical Performance During the Menopausal Transition and the Role of Physical Activity
2020
Abstract Background To examine longitudinal changes in physical performance during the menopausal transition and the role of physical activity (PA) in these changes. Methods Based on follicle-stimulating hormone levels and bleeding diaries, women (47–55 years) were classified as early (n = 89) and late perimenopausal (n = 143) and followed prospectively until postmenopausal status, with mean duration of 17.5 and 13.8 months, respectively. Physical performance was measured by handgrip force, knee extension torque, vertical jumping height, maximal walking speed, and 6-minute walking distance. Physical activity was self-reported and categorized as inactive, low, medium, and high. Longitudinal …
Management of Patients with Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: From Theory to Integrated Clinical Path- ways Implementation in the Real Wor…
2022
Introduction: Best care of esophagogastric junction and gastric cancer (EGC) requires a complex, timely interaction between members of a multi-disciplinary team (MDT). An integrated clinical pathway (ICP) is necessary to achieve this goal as well as the implementation of its use in daily practice. The objective of this study was to elaborate on an integrated clinical pathway for the multi-disciplinary management of ECG. Authors also put in act an implementation program to improve adherence to guidelines thought an ICP. Method: This prospective work carried out by a multi-institutional MDT in Italy identified expert panel extracted relevant recommendations and/or statements from published pa…