Search results for "Prostate"

P021 Heat working environment and risk of breast, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, colorectal, prostate, and stomach cancer in the MCC-spain case contr…

2016

Occupational exposure to heat can affect the absorption of carcinogenic chemicals into the body, and the metabolism of sexual hormones. We explored the association between occupational exposure to heat and breast, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, colorectal, prostate, and stomach cancer in the MCC-Spain population based case-control study. Methods The analyses were based on 3047 controls, and 1499 breast, 1539 colorectal, 332 LLC, 1070 prostate, and 382 stomach cancer cases. Heat working environment from either natural or artificial sources was assessed with the MatEmEsp job-exposure matrix. Logistic regression models accounting for education, sex, geographic area, BMI (colorectal, prostate),…

Assessing the Relationship Between Dose-Volume Histogram Parameters and Late Rectal Toxicity in HDR Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer

2017

Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in localized carcinoma of prostate: preliminary reports of toxicity in dose-escalation treatment

2007

Purpose Many studies confirmed the evidence of a dose-response relationship in prostate cancer. Escalation of dose using conventional techniques is however limited by rectal tolerance. IMRT and 3D-CRT have been designed to allow dose escalation while not exceeding rectal tolerance. We evaluated the acute and early late tolerance to surrounding organs upon dose escalation from 70 to 78 Gy in 3D-CRT setting, in order to introduce the IMRT process as a routine practice in prostate cancer treatment. Materials and Methods We compared clinical data from 35 patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate, who received 70 Gy within a traditional reconstructed three-dimensional treatment plan…

PMS2: a potential prognostic protein marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma

2020

Background An increase in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases was observed despite the reduction in exposure to classic risk factors. Although the exact cause of this trend remains unknown, epigenetic factors could be contributing to an increased occurrence of these tumors. This study aims to assess the influence of PMS2 protein immunoexpression on the prognosis of patients with OSCC. Material and Methods This study comprised 76 cases of OSCC treated between 2011 and 2016. Immunohistochemical staining for PMS2 was performed. For evaluation, 10 fields per histological section were photographed at a 400x magnification and positively-stained cells were counted with Image J. Mann-Whitney …

Supervised Physical Training Enhances Muscle Strength but Not Muscle Mass in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Syst…

2019

Introduction: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is considered the basic treatment for advanced prostate cancer, but it is highly associated with detrimental changes in muscle mass and muscle strength. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of supervised physical training on lean mass and muscle strength in prostate cancer patients undergoing ADT. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, and ScienceDirect until October 2018. Only studies that examined both muscle mass and strength in prostate cancer patients undergoing ADT were included. Outcomes of interest were changes in lean body mass (surrogate for muscle mass) as well as upper …

Definition and estimation of osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ), and optimal duration of antiresorptive treatment in bone metastatic cancer patients: supplem…

2017

To the Editor, In their recent article, Stopeck et al. [1] concluded that denosumab confirms its known safety profile even after longterm exposure, or after switching to it from zoledronic acid, and that osteonecrosis of jaws (ONJ) rates increased with increasing exposure to antiresorptives, consistent with previous reports. This is based on the open label extension phase of two phase 3 studies in patients with breast and prostate cancer with bone metastases who were randomized to receive denosumab or zoledronic acid (ZA) [2, 3]. The patients were offered open-label denosumab for up to an additional 2 years after the results of the primary analysis, favorable for denosumab on several aspect…

Advantages and Disadvantages of Bone Protective Agents in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Lessons Learned

2016

Nine out of ten metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) patients will develop osseous metastases. Of these, every second will suffer from skeletal-related events (SRE). SRE are associated with an increased risk for death, which is markedly increased in the presence of pathological fracture. Moreover, health insurance costs nearly double in the presence of SRE. Zoledronic acid and denosumab are both approved drugs for the prevention or delay of SRE in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients with osseous metastases. However, long-term treatment with one of these two drugs is associated with the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Routine inspections of th…

Association de radiothérapie externe et de curiethérapie pour les cancers de la prostate

2017

International audience; Brachytherapy as sole treatment is standard of care for D’Amico classification low-risk prostate cancer. For intermediate and high-risk patients, brachytherapy can be associated to external beam radiation therapy to better take into account the risk of extracapsular effraction and/or seminal vesicle involvement. Three randomized studies have shown that this association increases freedom from relapse survival compared to exclusive external beam radiation therapy. This benefit is not shown for overall survival. The addition of a hormonal therapy to this association is most likely mandatory for high-risk patients, and needs to be confirmed for intermediate risk patients…

Factors related to early castration resistance in metastatic prostate cancer. Results from the National Prostate Cancer Registry in Spain

2019

Abstract Introduction The objective of the study was to determine the factors independently related with the development of castration resistance (CR) in prostate cancer (PC) in the medium term. Material and methods 155 patients diagnosed with metastatic PC with a follow-up of up to 39 months. Data taken from the National PC Registry. The evaluated variables were age, PSA, nadir PSA, Gleason, perineural invasion, TNM stages, and ADT type (intermittent / continuous). Results Mean follow-up 26,2 ± 13,4 months. 47.1% developed early CR, with mean time until onset of 12,2 ± 8,7 months. Univariate analysis: the mean PSA was correlated with CR (290 ± 905,1 ng/mL in non CR, 519,1 ± 1437,2 ng/mL in…

Second-Line Endocrine Treatment

1988

It was a milestone of cancer therapy in general when Huggins et al. [1] in 1941 first reported the beneficial clinical effects of bilateral orchiectomy in patients with prostate cancer, and the use of castration or estrogens as standard therapy remained the first- line treatment for many years. It was furthermore the beginning of a development which, over the following decades, led to the manipulation of testicular androgen synthesis and to attempts to eliminate other possible sources of male hormones.