Search results for "Prostatic neoplasms"
showing 10 items of 284 documents
Information Theoretic Entropy for Molecular Classification: Oxadiazolamines as Potential Therapeutic Agents
2013
In this review we present algorithms for classification and taxonomy based on information entropy, followed by structure-activity relationship (SAR) models for the inhibition of human prostate carcinoma cell line DU-145 by 26 derivatives of N-aryl-N-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)amines (NNAs). The NNAs are classified using two characteristic chemical properties based on different regions of the molecules. A table of periodic properties of inhibitors of DU-145 human prostate carcinoma cell line is obtained based on structural features from the amine moiety and from the oxadiazole ring. Inhibitors in the same group and period of the periodic table are predicted to have highly similar propertie…
A supervised learning framework of statistical shape and probability priors for automatic prostate segmentation in ultrasound images
2013
Prostate segmentation aids in prostate volume estimation, multi-modal image registration, and to create patient specific anatomical models for surgical planning and image guided biopsies. However, manual segmentation is time consuming and suffers from inter-and intra-observer variabilities. Low contrast images of trans rectal ultrasound and presence of imaging artifacts like speckle, micro-calcifications, and shadow regions hinder computer aided automatic or semi-automatic prostate segmentation. In this paper, we propose a prostate segmentation approach based on building multiple mean parametric models derived from principal component analysis of shape and posterior probabilities in a multi…
A simple analytical method for heterogeneity corrections in low dose rate prostate brachytherapy
2015
In low energy brachytherapy, the presence of tissue heterogeneities contributes significantly to the discrepancies observed between treatment plan and delivered dose. In this work, we present a simplified analytical dose calculation algorithm for heterogeneous tissue. We compare it with Monte Carlo computations and assess its suitability for integration in clinical treatment planning systems. The algorithm, named as RayStretch, is based on the classic equivalent path length method and TG-43 reference data. Analytical and Monte Carlo dose calculations using Penelope2008 are compared for a benchmark case: a prostate patient with calcifications. The results show a remarkable agreement between …
Oxidative burst inhibitory and cytotoxic amides and lignans from the stem bark of Fagara heitzii (Rutaceae)
2009
Two amides, heitziamide A and heitziamide B and two phenylethanoids, heitziethanoid A and heitziethanoid B together with thirteen known compounds were isolated from F. heitzii (Letouzey). The structures of all compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis. Nine compounds were evaluated for oxidative burst inhibitory activity in a chemoluminescence assay and for cytotoxicity against PC-3 prostate cancer cells. All compounds exhibited a clear suppressive effect on phagocytosis response upon activation with serum opsonized zymosan at the range of IC50 = 2.0-6.5 mu M, but no cytotoxic effect was observed (IC50 > 100 mu M). (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Molecular Pathways Involved in Prostate Carcinogenesis: Insights from Public Microarray Datasets
2012
PLoS one 7(11), e49831 (2012). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049831
Deep Learning for fully automatic detection, segmentation, and Gleason Grade estimation of prostate cancer in multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imag…
2021
The emergence of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has had a profound impact on the diagnosis of prostate cancers (PCa), which is the most prevalent malignancy in males in the western world, enabling a better selection of patients for confirmation biopsy. However, analyzing these images is complex even for experts, hence opening an opportunity for computer-aided diagnosis systems to seize. This paper proposes a fully automatic system based on Deep Learning that takes a prostate mpMRI from a PCa-suspect patient and, by leveraging the Retina U-Net detection framework, locates PCa lesions, segments them, and predicts their most likely Gleason grade group (GGG). It uses 490 mp…
Heterogeneous activation of MMP-9 due to prostate cancer-bone interaction.
2007
OBJECTIVES To determine whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activation resulting from prostate cancer cell-bone interaction is dependent on the tumor cell type and/or the nature of the bone microenvironment. METHODS In vitro co-cultures of human prostate cancer cells (PC3 and C4-2B) and mouse, human fetal, or human adult tissues were performed. In vivo the tumor cells were intratibially injected in SCID mice or intraosseously inoculated into fetal or adult bone xenografts in SCID mice. MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activation were determined by gelatin zymography in conditioned media obtained in vitro and in lysates derived from the in vivo studies at different time points. RESULTS Ac…
Pattern of occult nodal relapse diagnosed with 18F-fluoro-choline PET/CT in prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure after prostate-only rad…
2014
Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of nodal relapse with 18 F-fluoro-choline (FCH) Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography (PET/CT) in prostate cancer patients after radiotherapy. Materials and methods Eighty-three patients had a FCH PET/CT at time of biochemical failure. Of 65 patients with positive findings, 33 had positive nodes. This analysis included 31 patients who had undergone prior prostate-only radiotherapy with or without a prior radical prostatectomy. Each FCH positive node was assigned to a lymph node station with respect to the CTV defined by the RTOG guidelines (CTV RTOG ). 3D mapping was performed after each node was manu…
Follistatin as potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer
2012
Follistatin is a single-chain glycosylated protein whose primary function consists in binding and neutralizing some members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily such as activin and bone morphogenic proteins. Emerging evidence indicates that this molecule may also play a role in the malignant progression of several human tumors including prostate cancer. In particular, recent findings suggest that, in this tumor, follistatin may also contribute to the formation of bone metastasis through multiple mechanisms, some of which are not related to its specific activin or bone morphogenic proteins' inhibitory activity. This review provides insight into the most recent advances in understa…
Genotyping of sex hormone-related pathways in benign and malignant human prostate tissues: data of a preliminary study.
2011
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major health issue in Westernized countries, representing a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly male population. Endogenous sex steroids, along with environmental factors (notably diet) and host immune and inflammatory responses, are likely to cooperate in the pathogenesis of the disease. Based on the assumption that a complex endocrine–inflammatory-immune interaction is primarily implicated in human PCa, we have investigated the interplay between sex steroids and inflammation in development and growth of human PCa. To this end, we have assessed nine functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)s of five genes involved in sex hormone-related …