Search results for "Protein"
showing 10 items of 21431 documents
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Atherosclerosis
2011
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) represent the family of 3 nuclear receptor isoforms-PPARα, -γ, and -δ/β, which are encoded by different genes. As lipid sensors, they are primarily involved in regulation of lipid metabolism and subsequently in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis considers accumulation of the cells and extracellular matrix in the vessel wall leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, atherothrombosis, and other vascular complications. Besides existence of natural ligands for PPARs, their more potent synthetic ligands are fibrates and thiazolidindiones. Future investigations should now focus on the mechanisms of PPARs activation, …
Induction of body weight loss through RNAi-knockdown of APOBEC1 gene expression in transgenic rabbits
2014
In the search of new strategies to fight against obesity, we targeted a gene pathway involved in energy uptake. We have thus investigated the APOB mRNA editing protein (APOBEC1) gene pathway that is involved in fat absorption in the intestine. The APOB gene encodes two proteins, APOB100 and APOB48, via the editing of a single nucleotide in the APOB mRNA by the APOBEC1 enzyme. The APOB48 protein is mandatory for the synthesis of chylomicrons by intestinal cells to transport dietary lipids and cholesterol. We produced transgenic rabbits expressing permanently and ubiquitously a small hairpin RNA targeting the rabbit APOBEC1 mRNA. These rabbits exhibited a moderately but significantly reduced …
Studies on the insecticidal mechanism of Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3A and Cry proteins
2022
El control de plagas y patógenos ha tenido un efecto importante en la mejora del rendimiento de los sistemas agrícolas a nivel mundial. Diferentes tipos de insecticidas químicos se han usado extensivamente durante mucho tiempo para el control de plagas de insectos. Debido a la aparición de resistencias, problemas de contaminación de aguas y problemas de salud humana causados por dichos insecticidas de síntesis, la agricultura moderna necesita una estrategia de gestión integrada de plagas más saludable, respetuosa con el medio ambiente y sostenible. El uso de Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) y sus proteínas insecticidas para el control de plagas es una de las estrategias biotecnológicas más impor…
Isolation of Four Lytic Phages Infecting Klebsiella pneumoniae K22 Clinical Isolates from Spain
2020
This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteriophage—Molecular Studies.
Appropriateness of requests for human serum albumin at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy: a prospective study
2015
Abstract OBJECTIVE: First, to assess the appropriateness of requests for albumin using current guidelines; second, to evaluate physicians' compliance with this protocol. DESIGN: Descriptive, prospective study. SETTING: 'Paolo Giaccone' University Hospital in Palermo (Italy). PARTICIPANTS: The six departments with the highest orders for albumin. INTERVENTION: An experimental, pharmacist-driven process for daily orders of albumin was activated over a period of 1 month. Pharmacy personnel handed out order forms on six different wards. Physicians were required to select one of a number of intended uses listed on the form. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Data on albumin and serum protein levels; number o…
Degradation of an alkaloid pheromone from the pale-brown chafer, Phyllopertha diversa (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), by an insect olfactory cytochrome P…
1999
AbstractThe pale-brown chafer, Phyllopertha diversa, utilizes an unusual alkaloid, 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione, as its sex pheromone. This compound is rapidly degraded in vitro by the antennal protein extracts from this scarab beetle. Demethylation at the N-1 position and hydroxylation of the aromatic ring have been identified as the major catabolic pathways. The enzyme responsible for the pheromone degradation is membrane-bound, requires NAD(P)H for activity and is sensitive to cytochrome P450 inhibitors, such as proadifen and metyrapone. The ability to metabolize this unusual pheromone was not detected in 12 species tested, indicating that the P450 system, specific to male P…
Observe while it happens : catching photoactive proteins in the act with non-adiabatic molecular dynamics simulations
2020
Organisms use photo-receptors to react to light. The first step is usually the absorption of a photon by a prosthetic group embedded inside the photo-receptor, often a conjugated chromophore. The electronic changes in the chromophore induced by photo-absorption can trigger a cascade of structural or chemical transformations that culminate into a response to light. Understanding how these proteins have evolved to mediate their activation process has remained challenging because the required time and spacial resolutions are notoriously difficult to achieve experimentally. Therefore, mechanistic insights into photoreceptor activation have been predominantly obtained with computer simulations. …
Deregulated Copper Transport Affects Arabidopsis Development Especially in the Absence of Environmental Cycles
2010
Abstract Copper is an essential cofactor for key processes in plants, but it exerts harmful effects when in excess. Previous work has shown that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) COPT1 high-affinity copper transport protein participates in copper uptake through plant root tips. Here, we show that COPT1 protein localizes to the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis cells and the phenotypic effects of transgenic plants overexpressing either COPT1 or COPT3, the latter being another high-affinity copper transport protein family member. Both transgenic lines exhibit increased endogenous copper levels and are sensitive to the copper in the growth medium. Additional phenotypes include decreased hypo…
Protein c-phycocyanin, structure, physicochemical and biological properties, methods of extraction
2022
С-phycocyanin (phycocyanin) is a pigment-protein complex of the lightharvesting phycobiliprotein family that takes part in the primary phase of photosynthesis in lower plants. The phycocyanin content depends on such factors as the species of microalgae, physical state of biomass, extraction techniques, etc. The main methods for obtaining phycocyanin from biomass include chemical, physical and enzyme treatments with the following purification by such methods as precipitation with ammonium sulfate, ion exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The commercial value of phycocyanin is directly related to the methods of its obtaining, purification and purity. The ratio of absorb…