Search results for "Proton"

showing 10 items of 5886 documents

Stable proton exchanged waveguides in Lithium Tantalate

2008

alpha, beta(1), and kappa(2) phases are investigated for planar waveguide fabrication by proton exchange in congruent lithium tantalate. The effective indices of planar waveguide eigenmodes were monitored over time, revealing that the exchange process induces aging instabilities in all phases except alpha.

Materials scienceproton exchanged (PE) waveguides Integrated optics lithium tantalate (LT) optical devicesIon exchangeProtonbusiness.industrytechnology industry and agriculturePhysics::OpticsNonlinear opticsWaveguide fabricationWaveguide (optics)Molecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundPlanarchemistryLithium tantalateOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessRefractive index
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Main Fuel Cells mathematical models: Comparison and analysis in terms of free parameters

2010

This paper resumes the main mathematical models of Fuel Cells (PEM models). In particular, a comparison study of the various models introduced in the technical literature is presented and the dependency of the various model parameters is analyzed in different operating conditions. As the manifold of the model parameter is very wide and their determination is difficult, it is mandatory to introduce approximations and simplifications on which each model is based. The novelty of this work is the organization of the existing models in three categories with regard to the number of free parameters and to the dependency of such parameters on the different running conditions and the usage of a refe…

Mathematical optimizationEngineeringWork (thermodynamics)Dependency (UML)EquationResistancereference modelproton exchange membrane fuel cells;PEM models;free parameters;main fuel cells mathematical models;reference model;Biomembranes;Equations;Fuel cells;Load modeling;Mathematical model;Numerical models;Resistance;Fuel Cell;Mathematical modeling;Parameter AnalysisSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettriciproton exchange membrane fuel cellPEM modelNumerical modelParameter AnalysisMathematical modelBiomembranemain fuel cells mathematical modelReference modelSimulationLoad modelingMathematical modelbusiness.industryFuel cellNoveltyManifoldFuel cellsfree parameterMathematical modelingbusinessFree parameter
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Proton dynamics in bacterial spores, a neutron scattering investigation

2014

International audience; Results from first neutron scattering experiments on bacterial spores are reported. The elastic intensities and mean square displacements have a non-linear behaviour as function of temperature, which is in agreement with a model presenting more pronounced variations at around 330 K (57 • C) and 400 K (127 • C). Based on the available literature on thermal properties of bacterial spores, mainly referring to differential scanning calorimetry, they are suggested to be associated to main endothermic transitions induced by coat and/or core bacterial response to heat treatment.

Mean squareProton[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]ChemistryPhysicsQC1-999[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph]Dynamics (mechanics)neutron scatteringAnalytical chemistryNeutron scattering[ SDV.MP.BAC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/BacteriologyEndothermic processEndospore[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/BacteriologyCrystallographybacterial sporesDifferential scanning calorimetry[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph]Thermal[ SDV.BBM.BS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
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Anomalous water dynamics in brain: a combined diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and neutron scattering investigation

2019

International audience; Water diffusion is an optimal tool for investigating the architecture of brain tissue on which modern medical diagnostic imaging techniques rely. However, intrinsic tissue heterogeneity causes systematic deviations from pure free-water diffusion behaviour. To date, numerous theoretical and empirical approaches have been proposed to explain the non-Gaussian profile of this process. The aim of this work is to shed light on the physics piloting water diffusion in brain tissue at the micrometre-to-atomic scale. Combined diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and first pioneering neutron scattering experiments on bovine brain tissue have been performed in order to probe dif…

Medical diagnosticMaterials science[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/ImagingQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansPhysics::Medical PhysicsBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsproton dynamicsBioengineeringbrain imagingNeutron scatteringBiochemistryAtomic unitsBiomaterials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineTissue heterogeneityWater dynamicsNuclear magnetic resonancemedicineAnimalsDiffusion (business)030304 developmental biologydiffusion magnetic resonance imaging0303 health sciencesProton dynamicmedicine.diagnostic_testneutron scatteringBrainWaterMagnetic resonance imagingwater diffusionLife Sciences–Physics interfaceMagnetic Resonance ImagingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Neutron Diffraction[SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/ImagingBovine brainBrain imaging; Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; Neutron scattering; Proton dynamics; Water diffusionCattle030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiotechnology
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CERN-MEDICIS: A Review Since Commissioning in 2017

2021

The CERN-MEDICIS (MEDical Isotopes Collected from ISolde) facility has delivered its first radioactive ion beam at CERN (Switzerland) in December 2017 to support the research and development in nuclear medicine using non-conventional radionuclides. Since then, fourteen institutes, including CERN, have joined the collaboration to drive the scientific program of this unique installation and evaluate the needs of the community to improve the research in imaging, diagnostics, radiation therapy and personalized medicine. The facility has been built as an extension of the ISOLDE (Isotope Separator On Line DEvice) facility at CERN. Handling of open radioisotope sources is made possible thanks to i…

Medicine (General)HIGH-ENERGYIon beamNuclear engineeringHigh resolutionProton Synchrotron Booster01 natural sciencesmedicalISOLDE030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesR5-9200302 clinical medicineMedicine General & InternallawGeneral & Internal Medicine0103 physical sciencesCERNNuclear Physics - ExperimentBeam dump010306 general physicsradionuclidesOriginal ResearchLarge Hadron ColliderScience & TechnologyGeneral MedicineMass separationHandling systemmass separationBeamlineMEDICISMedicineEnvironmental scienceLife Sciences & Biomedicine
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Evaluation of main functional dyspepsia symptoms after probiotic administration in patients receiving conventional pharmacological therapies

2021

Objective Postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) are the two main forms of functional dyspepsia (FD). Probiotics are a promising therapy for FD, but current data remains heterogeneous. This work aims to evaluate a probiotic combination of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LR04 (DSM 16605), Lactiplantibacillus pentosus LPS01 (DSM 21980), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP01 (LMG P-21021), and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbruekii LDD01 (DMS 22106), alone or together with other pharmacological therapies, for clinical improvement of symptoms associated with FD. Methods Patients with FD were enrolled and divided into two groups: PDS and EPS. Probiotic alone or co…

Medicine (General)medicine.medical_specialtyBiochemistryEpigastric painlaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesProbioticR5-9200302 clinical medicinelawInternal medicineHumansMedicineIn patientDyspepsiabusiness.industryProbioticsBiochemistry (medical)Clinical Research Reportfood and beveragesProton Pump InhibitorsSyndromeCell BiologyGeneral MedicineAbdominal PainDistress030220 oncology & carcinogenesis030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFunctional disordersbusinessJournal of International Medical Research
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Adducts of free-base meso-tetraarylporphyrins with trihaloacetic acids: Structure and photostability

2020

Abstract Four diverse meso-tetraarylporphyrins in the form of diprotonated adducts with trifluoro-, trichloro-, tribromoacetic acids and acetic acid were investigated in benzene solution. Despite similar structural distortion of the chromophore system due to protonation, the respective adducts demonstrated different photostability when exposed to UV irradiation. The trifluoro- and trichloroacetic adducts, and the acetic acid one, showed some common features both molecular and in the mechanism of photodegradation. However, the tribromo-derivative decayed according to a different kinetic scheme, revealing a considerable impact of the bromine atoms upon the pyrrole units of the porphyrin macro…

Meso-tetraarylporphyrinsSinglet oxygenGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyFree baseProtonation02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryChromophore010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotochemistryDFT calculations01 natural sciencesPorphyrinTrihaloacetic acids0104 chemical sciencesAdductPorphyrin protonationchemistry.chemical_compoundAcetic acidchemistry0210 nano-technologyPhotodegradationPyrroleJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-Chemistry
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Impact of hypoxia on chemoresistance of mesothelioma mediated by the proton-coupled folate transporter, and preclinical activity of new anti-LDH-A co…

2020

Abstract Background Expression of proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT) is associated with survival of mesothelioma patients treated with pemetrexed, and is reduced by hypoxia, prompting studies to elucidate their correlation. Methods Modulation of glycolytic gene expression was evaluated by PCR arrays in tumour cells and primary cultures growing under hypoxia, in spheroids and after PCFT silencing. Inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-A) were tested in vitro and in vivo. LDH-A expression was determined in tissue microarrays of radically resected malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM, N = 33) and diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM, N = 56) patients. Results Overexpression of hypoxia…

MesotheliomaCancer ResearchPleural NeoplasmsCell Culture TechniquesPemetrexedDeoxycytidineArticle03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicinelactate dehydrogenase inhibitorsIn vivoAntigens NeoplasmCell Line TumormedicineGene silencingAnimalsHumansMesotheliomaEnzyme InhibitorsCarbonic Anhydrase IXPeritoneal Neoplasms030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesL-Lactate DehydrogenaseCell growthChemistryhypoxiaMesothelioma MalignantDrug SynergismHypoxia (medical)Translational researchmedicine.diseaseSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysGemcitabineGemcitabineCell HypoxiaGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticPemetrexedOncologyDrug Resistance Neoplasm030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPeritoneal mesotheliomaCancer researchFemalemedicine.symptomProton-Coupled Folate Transportermedicine.drugBritish journal of cancer
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Metabolite and mineral profiling of “Violetto di Niscemi” and “Spinoso di Menfi” globe artichokes by 1H-NMR and ICP-MS

2016

Globe artichoke has been long considered a nutraceutical food for its valuable content of bioactive compounds. However, beside a well-known polyphenol profile, poor information is available about its metabolite and mineral composition. The aim of this study was to investigate edible parts of Sicilian artichokes, ‘Spinoso di Menfi’ and ‘Violetto di Niscemi’, by 1H NMR and ICP-MS for elucidating these compositional aspects. Although bracts and hearts of both artichokes shared a very similar metabolite pattern, ‘Spinoso di Menfi’ showed a higher number of metabolites, such as amino acids and polyphenols, than ‘Violetto di Niscemi’. ‘Spinoso di Menfi’ was also marked by higher levels of macro- …

Metabolitetrace elementsPlant ScienceMineral compositionBiologyPlant foods01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundNutraceuticalnutraceutical foodBotanyFood sciencemacromineralsInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryBract010405 organic chemistryCynara cardunculus L. subsp scolymus (L.) Hegi; nutraceutical food; macrominerals; trace elementsOrganic ChemistryCynara cardunculus L. subsp scolymus (L.) Hegi0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistrychemistryPolyphenolProton NMR
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Assignment of complex species by affinity capillary electrophoresis: The case of Th(IV)‐desferrioxamine B

2020

International audience; The electrophoretic mobility change of desferrioxamine B (DFO) was monitored by UV absorption spectrophotometry upon increasing the thorium(IV) concentration in the background electrolyte at two acidities ([HClO4]Tot = 0.0316 and 0.0100 M). These data enabled to assess the speciation model and to determine the equilibrium constant of [Th(DFO)H2]3+ at fixed ionic strength (I = 0.1 M (H,Na)ClO4). Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) turned out to be most helpful in identifying the complexed species by ascertaining its charge and protonation state. The assignment of the correct stoichiometry relied on the reliable estimation of the electrophoretic mobility by assumi…

Metal ions in aqueous solutionClinical BiochemistryProtonation02 engineering and technologyDeferoxamine01 natural sciencesBiochemistryDFTAnalytical ChemistryCapillary electrophoresisAffinity capillary electrophoresis[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistrySpectrophotometrymedicine[CHIM]Chemical Sciences[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryStability constantsEquilibrium constantDensity Functional Theorymedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryLigand010401 analytical chemistryThoriumElectrophoresis Capillary021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesElectrophoresisDesferrioxamine BIonic strengthPhysical chemistrySpectrophotometry UltravioletComplexation0210 nano-technology
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