Search results for "Psychiatrie"
showing 10 items of 43 documents
Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD
2010
Background:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and highly heritable child psychiatric disorders. There is strong evidence that children with ADHD show slower and more variable responses in tasks such as Go/Nogo tapping aspects of executive functions like sustained attention and response control which may be modulated by motivational factors and/or state-regulation processes. The aim of this study was (1) to determine if these executive functions may constitute an endophenotype for ADHD; (2) to investigate for the first time whether known modulators of these executive functions may also be familial; and (3) to explore whether gender has an impact on thes…
The ATXN1 and TRIM31 genes are related to intelligence in an ADHD background: evidence from a large collaborative study totaling 4,963 subjects
2010
Contains fulltext : 96400.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Intelligence is a highly heritable trait for which it has proven difficult to identify the actual genes. In the past decade, five whole-genome linkage scans have suggested genomic regions important to human intelligence; however, so far none of the responsible genes or variants in those regions have been identified. Apart from these regions, a handful of candidate genes have been identified, although most of these are in need of replication. The recent growth in publicly available data sets that contain both whole genome association data and a wealth of phenotypic data, serves as an excellent resource for fine mapping and …
The influence of serotonin- and other genes on impulsive behavioral aggression and cognitive impulsivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperacti…
2008
Contains fulltext : 70708.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Low serotonergic (5-HT) activity correlates with increased impulsive-aggressive behavior, while the opposite association may apply to cognitive impulsiveness. Both types of impulsivity are associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and genes of functional significance for the 5-HT system are implicated in this disorder. Here we demonstrate the separation of aggressive and cognitive components of impulsivity from symptom ratings and test their association with 5-HT and functionally related genes using a family-based association test (FBAT-PC). METHODS: Our sample consisted of 1180 o…
Does parental expressed emotion moderate genetic effects in ADHD? An exploration using a genome wide association scan.
2008
Contains fulltext : 70497.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Studies of gene x environment (G x E) interaction in ADHD have previously focused on known risk genes for ADHD and environmentally mediated biological risk. Here we use G x E analysis in the context of a genome-wide association scan to identify novel genes whose effects on ADHD symptoms and comorbid conduct disorder are moderated by high maternal expressed emotion (EE). SNPs (600,000) were genotyped in 958 ADHD proband-parent trios. After applying data cleaning procedures we examined 429,981 autosomal SNPs in 909 family trios. ADHD symptom severity and comorbid conduct disorder was measured using the Parental Account of Ch…
German validation of the conners adult ADHD rating scale-self-report: confirmation of factor structure in a large sample of participants with ADHD.
2013
Objective: The Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) assess symptoms specific to adults that are frequently used and have been translated into German. The current study tests the factor structure of the CAARS in a large sample of German adults with ADHD and compares the means of the CAARS subscales with those of healthy German participants. Method: CAARS were completed by 466 participants with ADHD and 851 healthy control participants. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish model fit with the American original. Comparisons between participants with ADHD and healthy controls and influences of gender, age, and degree of education were analyzed. Results: Confirmatory factor anal…
Genome-wide association study of motor coordination problems in ADHD identifies genes for brain and muscle function.
2012
Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVES: Motor coordination problems are frequent in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We performed a genome-wide association study to identify genes contributing to motor coordination problems, hypothesizing that the presence of such problems in children with ADHD may identify a sample of reduced genetic heterogeneity. METHODS: Children with ADHD from the International Multicentre ADHD Genetic (IMAGE) study were evaluated with the Parental Account of Children's Symptoms. Genetic association testing was performed in PLINK on 890 probands with genome-wide genotyping data. Bioinformatics enrichment-analysis was performed on highly…
Differential dopamine receptor D4 allele association with ADHD dependent of proband season of birth
2008
Contains fulltext : 70196.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Season of birth (SOB) has been associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in two existing studies. One further study reported an interaction between SOB and genotypes of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene. It is important that these findings are further investigated to confirm or refute the findings. In this study, we investigated the SOB association with ADHD in four independent samples collected for molecular genetic studies of ADHD and found a small but significant increase in summer births compared to a large population control dataset. We also observed a significant association with the 7-repeat…
Parent of origin effects in attention/deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): analysis of data from the international multicenter ADHD genetics (IMAGE…
2008
Contains fulltext : 71540.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) There are conflicting reports suggesting that the parental origin of transmitted risk alleles may play a role in the etiology of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A recent report by Hawi and colleagues observed a generalized paternal over-transmission of alleles associated with ADHD. This was not replicated in more recent studies. Using data from a large multicenter study we examined the overall and gene-specific parent of origin effect in 554 independent SNPs across 47 genes. Transmission disequilibrium and explicit parent of origin test were performed using PLINK. Overall parent of origin effect was tested…
Meta-analysis of genome-wide linkage scans of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
2008
Contains fulltext : 69243.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Genetic contribution to the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well established. Seven independent genome-wide linkage scans have been performed to map loci that increase the risk for ADHD. Although significant linkage signals were identified in some of the studies, there has been limited replications between the various independent datasets. The current study gathered the results from all seven of the ADHD linkage scans and performed a Genome Scan Meta Analysis (GSMA) to identify the genomic region with most consistent linkage evidence across the studies. Genome-wide significant linkage (P(S…
Soigner la folie et collectionner « l’art des fous ». L’art asilaire au XIXe siècle : archéologie de l’Art brut
2020
Position de thèse; International audience