Search results for "Psychological tests"
showing 10 items of 594 documents
Slowly progressive aphasia: a four-year follow-up study
2001
This paper reports the long-term follow-up of GC, a patient with primary progressive aphasia of the fluent type. GC presented at onset with an anomia characterized by sparing of first letter knowledge, that applied mainly to proper names and living categories. No semantic deficits were observed in the first stage of the disease, and MRI showed a left temporal lobe atrophy with a gradient from the pole to the posterior regions, the latter being less involved. We now report the clinical evolution of GC from the 2nd to the 4th year of disease. As the disease progressed, the anomia became more severe and the phenomenon of first letter sparing was no longer detectable. Also semantic knowledge wa…
Prenatal co-exposure to neurotoxic metals and neurodevelopment in preschool children: The Environment and Childhood (INMA) Project
2018
We sought to determine whether prenatal co-exposure to As, Cd, Hg, Mn, and Pb was associated with impaired neurodevelopment in preschool children from the Spanish Environment and Childhood (INMA) Project, using the placenta as exposure matrix. We measured metal levels in placenta tissue samples randomly selected from five of the seven population-based birth cohorts participating in the INMA Project, collected between 2000 and 2008. Neuropsychological assessment of cognitive and motor function was carried through the use of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) at the age of 4-5years. Data on placental metal levels, MSCA scores, and relevant covariates was available for 302 chil…
Influence of Drugs on Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease: Evidence from the PACOS Study
2022
Background: Polytherapy and the anticholinergic activity of several drugs negatively influence cognition in the elderly. However, little is known on the effect on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Methods: Patients with PD belonging to the baseline PACOS cohort with full pharmacological data, have been included in this study. MCI diagnosis was made according to the MDS level II criteria. Polytherapy was defined as patients assuming ≥6 drugs. Anticholinergic burden has been calculated using the Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS). Molecules have been classified according to the ATC classification. Association with MCI has been assessed with a multivariate logistic re…
Neurocognitive Impairment Across the Bipolar Spectrum
2011
Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness that affects nearly 4.4% of the general population when bipolar spectrum disorders are taken into account. Neurocognitive impairment is thought to be a core deficit of this illness since it is present during euthymia. In fact, 40–60% of euthymic patients present with neurocognitive disturbances. Not only the clinical factors but also disturbances in neurocognition can influence the functional outcome of BD patients. Hence, further research is needed in order to clarify the relationship between these variables. Despite the growing body of evidence that has emerged during the last decade, no unique neurocognitive profile has been proposed yet for ei…
Adult age differences in inhibitory processes and their predictive validity for fluid intelligence.
2008
According to the inhibition-deficit hypothesis age differences in working memory capacity and fluid intelligence have been attributed to a decline in inhibitory efficiency. Conceptualizing inhibition as multifaceted, 88 participants (49 younger and 39 elderly) completed two versions of the negative priming paradigm (identification and localization), and two variants of the directed forgetting paradigm (listwise and itemwise). Two tasks of the Wechsler Intelligence Test with high loadings on general fluid intelligence (Gf) served as validation criteria. Results revealed task-specific and speed-independent inhibitory deficits in the elderly (lower negative priming in both paradigms; more intr…
Separation of Cognitive Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Into 2 Familial Factors
2010
Contains fulltext : 89304.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, but it is not known whether the apparent multiple impairments share etiological roots or separate etiological pathways exist. A better understanding of the etiological pathways is important for the development of targeted interventions and for identification of suitable intermediate phenotypes for molecular genetic investigations. OBJECTIVES: To determine, by using a multivariate familial factor analysis approach, whether 1 or more familial factors underlie the slow and variable reaction times, impaired response inhi…
Measure of Psychological Variables in Dancers Sport
2012
El objetivo fundamental del estudio consiste en identificar y evaluar las principales variables psicológicas que están interviniendo en los distintos niveles de rendimiento en la práctica de baile deportivo. Para esto, entre otros, se utilizó el Cuestionario de Características Psicológicas aplicadas al Rendimiento Deportivo (Gimeno, Buceta & Pérez-Llantada, 2001). Se realizó un análisis de varianza, y pese a no alcanzar las diferencias valores estadísticamente significativos en los factores Control del Estrés e Influencia de la Evaluación del Rendimiento, sí se puede señalar la existencia de diferencias relevantes en función de la interacción de dos condiciones: el nivel competitivo y el éx…
Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis
2020
Un meta-análisis de generalización de confiabilidad (MA GF) es un método para integrar estadísticamente las estimaciones de fiabilidad obtenidas en diferentes aplicaciones de un test. El MA GF permite a los investigadores caracterizar la fiabilidad promedio de las puntuaciones obtenida en un test en múltiples estudios y situaciones y estimar el grado de variabilidad en los coeficientes de fiabilidad en diferentes tipos de medidas, muestras y contextos. Por lo tanto, sus resultados permiten ofrecer pautas a los investigadores y profesionales aplicados sobre qué escalas son más fiables para evaluar un constructo y en qué circunstancias. Así pues, los investigadores y profesionales necesitan s…
Neuropsychological status of alcohol-dependent patients: increased performance through goal-setting instructions.
2004
Aims: The effects of goal-setting instructions on neuropsychological performance of alcohol-dependent patients and control subjects were assessed. Methods: 57 alcohol-dependent patients and 59 carefully age- and education-matched healthy control subjects underwent standard neuropsychological investigation. In addition, the goal-setting paradigm was used to systematically manipulate motivation. Participants were requested to calculate simple mathematical problems repeatedly within phases of a 2-min duration receiving normal or goal setting-instructions (to increase performance in the next phase by 20%). Results: The patients demonstrated deficits in standard neuropsychological tests. Patient…
Neurocognitive endophenotypes (endophenocognitypes) from studies of relatives of bipolar disorder subjects: a systematic review.
2008
Abstract Background There is growing interest to research neurocognition as a putative endophenotype for subjects with bipolar disorders (BD). The authors sought to review the available literature focused on relatives of subjects with bipolar disorder (BD-Rels) and identify suitable cognitive candidates to endophenotypes or endophenocognitypes. Method A systematic review was conducted in Medline, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases (1980–July 2007), supplemented with a manual search of reference lists. Results Twenty-three cross-sectional papers of discordant twins (4 studies), genetic high-risk subjects (7), and different BD-Rel groups (12) met the inclusion criteria and evaluated 532 BD-Rels. I…