Search results for "Psychotic"
showing 10 items of 360 documents
White Noise Speech Illusions: A Trait-Dependent Risk Marker for Psychotic Disorder?
2019
Supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program under grant agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2009-241909 (Project EU-GEI)
Association of extent of cannabis use and psychotic like intoxication experiences in a multi-national sample of first episode psychosis patients and …
2021
AbstractBackgroundFirst episode psychosis (FEP) patients who use cannabis experience more frequent psychotic and euphoric intoxication experiences compared to controls. It is not clear whether this is consequent to patients being more vulnerable to the effects of cannabis use or to their heavier pattern of use. We aimed to determine whether extent of use predicted psychotic-like and euphoric intoxication experiences in patients and controls and whether this differs between groups.MethodsWe analysed data on patients who had ever used cannabis (n = 655) and controls who had ever used cannabis (n = 654) across 15 sites from six countries in the EU-GEI study (2010–2015). We used multiple regres…
Genetic and psychosocial stressors have independent effects on the level of subclinical psychosis: findings from the multinational EU-GEI study.
2022
the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Instituto de Salud Carlos III (SAM16PE07CP1, PI16/02012, PI19/024), co-financed by ERDF Funds from the European Commission, ‘A way of making Europe’, CIBERSAM. Madrid Regional Government (B2017/BMD-3740 AGES-CM-2), European Union Structural Funds. European Union Seventh Framework Program under grant agreements FP7-4-HEALTH-2009-2.2.1-2-241909 (Project EU-GEI) and FP7-HEALTH-2013-2.2.1-2-603196 (Project PSYSCAN); and European Union H2020 Program under the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (grant agreement No 115916, Project PRISM, and grant agreement No 777394, Project AIMS-2-TRIALS) (...)
Development of the insight scale for affective disorders (ISAD): modification from the scale to assess unawareness of mental disorder.
2011
Abstract Background Research on insight in patients with mood disorders has grown in recent years. Several instruments to assess insight have been used, but most of them have been specifically designed for psychosis and may not appear relevant to mood disorders. The aim of the present study is to develop a short, multidimensional, reliable and valid scale to measure insight in patients with mood disorders, based on the Amador's Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorders (SUMD). Method A Delphi method was used to facilitate expert participation and ensure face and content validity. The SUMD structure and items were used as a reference in the scale development. A new scale with 17 items …
Central Serotonin2C Receptor: From Physiology to Pathology
2006
Since the 1950s, when serotonin (5-HT) was discovered in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), an enormous amount of experimental evidence has revealed the pivotal role of this biogenic amine in a number of cognitive and behavioural functions. Although 5-HT is synthesized by a small group of neurons within the raphe nuclei of the brain stem, almost all parts of the CNS receive serotonergic projections. Furthermore, the importance of 5-HT modulation and the fine-tuning of its action is underlined by the large number of 5-HT binding sites found in the CNS. Hitherto, up to 15 different 5-HT receptors subtypes have been identified. This review was undertaken to summarize the work that has…
EPA guidance on physical activity as a treatment for severe mental illness: a meta-review of the evidence and Position Statement from the European Ps…
2018
AbstractPhysical activity (PA) may be therapeutic for people with severe mental illness (SMI) who generally have low PA and experience numerous life style-related medical complications. We conducted a meta-review of PA interventions and their impact on health outcomes for people with SMI, including schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder. We searched major electronic databases until January 2018 for systematic reviews with/without meta-analysis that investigated PA for any SMI. We rated the quality of studies with the AMSTAR tool, grading the quality of evidence, and identifying gaps, future research needs and clinical practice recommendations.…
30 Years on: How the Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis of Schizophrenia Morphed into the Developmental Risk Factor Model of Psychosis
2017
At its re-birth 30 years ago, the neurodevelopment hypothesis of schizophrenia focussed on aberrant genes and early neural hazards, but then it grew to include ideas concerning aberrant synaptic pruning in adolescence. The hypothesis had its own stormy development and it endured some difficult teenage years when a resurgence of interest in neurodegeneration threatened its survival. In early adult life, it over-reached itself with some reductionists claiming that schizophrenia was simply a neurodevelopmental disease. However, by age 30, the hypothesis has matured sufficiently to incorporated childhood and adult adversity, urban living and migration, as well as heavy cannabis use, as importan…
How Does the Benzamide Antipsychotic Amisulpride get into the Brain?—An In Vitro Approach Comparing Amisulpride with Clozapine
2003
This study evaluated the disposition of the two atypical antipsychotics, amisulpride (AMS) and clozapine (CLZ), and its main metabolite N-desmethylclozapine (DCLZ), to their target structures in the central nervous system by applying an in vitro blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier based on monolayers of porcine brain microvessel endothelial cells (PMEC) or porcine choroid plexus epithelial cells (PCEC). Permeation studies through PMEC- and PCEC-monolayers were conducted for 60 min at drug concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 30 muM applied to the donor compartment. PMEC were almost impermeable for AMS (permeation coefficient, P1 x 10(-7) cm/s) in the resorptive direct…
Integrated treatment of first episode psychosis with online training (e-learning): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
2014
Background: The integrated treatment of first episode psychosis has been shown to improve functionality and negative symptoms in previous studies. In this paper, we describe a study of integrated treatment (individual psychoeducation complementary to pharmacotherapy) versus treatment as usual, comparing results at baseline with those at 6-month re-assessment (at the end of the study) for these patients, and online training of professionals to provide this complementary treatment, with the following objectives: 1) to compare the efficacy of individual psychoeducation as add-on treatment versus treatment as usual in improving psychotic and mood symptoms; 2) to compare adherence to medication,…
Efficacy, safety and tolerability of aripiprazole in bipolar disorder: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
2017
Numerous studies have investigated aripiprazole as a treatment for bipolar disorder (BD). therefore we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety profile of aripiprazole in treating BD. Two authors conducted systematic searches of PubMed and ScienceDirect from inception until May 14th, 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of people with BD who received aripiprazole were included. A total of 20 RCTs met the eligibility criteria, including two which investigated the efficacy of aripiprazole versus haloperidol (aripiprazole = 340; haloperidol = 337), three which compared aripiprazole versus lithium (aripiprazole = 208; lithium = 212), and 15 with mul…