Search results for "Public economics"

Dealing with rural-urban economic welfare challenges in the Nordic countries – a theory-based overview

2020

Abstract Geography has played an important part in creating the Nordic welfare states. This article discusses how the urban-rural dimension has been dealt with in the context of developing economic welfare. Four different policy interventions are presented: exogeneous shocks, buy out, palliative treatment and endogenous growth through innovation. Of these, the latter prevails in contemporary policy discussions. The application of policy measures varies substantially between the Nordic countries. We have different Nordic models rather than a single model. While in the aftermath of World War II economic development and welfare arguments combined to justify geographical centralisation, the pre…

The Dimension, Diversity and Complexity of the Macroeconomic Risk

2020

The approach at a macroeconomic level of the challenges in order to foster the competitiveness in certain economic areas implies understanding and assessing the risk as an essential element which can determine in every moment the availability of the mechanisms and the necessary resources for a sustainable future. Even if in a certain measure the risk has to be assumed, the losses caused by undesired events seem to be more ample than the benefits. The most important aspect and part of the risk management is represented by the fact that risk has to be distributed over time, its effects being extended for long periods. While the benefits are hard to distinguish, the efforts seem to be determin…

Optimal Taxation of Family Income with non-separable disutility of effort

2008

This paper studies the optimal non linear income taxation for a couple with two earners, each with two possible productivity types. For the case of zero cross-elasticity of labor supply, I find the full solution in terms of type distribution and social welfare weights. Binding diagonal constraints are found to be relevant even with independent types. For the case of non zero cross elasticity, some partial results are obtained. No distortion at the top occurs only in families where both earners are at the top of their distribution. High types in heterogeneous families can be upward distorted, even when only downward incentive constraints bind. The sign of their marginal tax depend on the sig…

The role of Spanish local development and employment officers in human resource management

2009

The aim of this study is to contrast the existence of a significant relation between good human resource practices and business results. The empirical analysis is applied to strategies implemented by Local Development and Employment Officers (LDEOs) with regard to the management of social integration and job placement programs within the context of Local Development in Spain for both the universalist and contingent perspectives of Human Resource Management. The novelty of this study lies in the impact local development programs are having on social integration and job placement, and, in particular, the effects of project management.

Measuring Coordination and Coherence: Assessing Performance Across the Public Sector

2017

This chapter will bring together two bodies of the literature addressing some of the most important issues in contemporary public administration and governance: policy coordination and performance management.

Socioeconomic and Medical Approaches upon Pensions Systems

2021

The social protection of citizens was an essential issue for all countries, regardless of the form of government, sociocultural characteristics, and economic system. In this chapter, we aim to identify the factors, which determined the configuration of the current pension systems implemented in the five CEE countries.

Towards an adequate and sustainable replacement rate in defined benefit pension systems: The case of Spain

2018

The Importance and Role of Social Policy in Maintaining Macroeconomic Stability

2021

Pension systems have the role of reducing the financial risk associated with the loss of the ability to carry out professional activities for income, a risk that determines poverty and is associated with severe material deprivation. The objective of this chapter is to emphasize the role of social policy in society and in macroeconomic policies in order to maintain socioeconomic stability and promote sustainable economic growth.

Overview of Pension Systems

2021

Understanding the configuration of social protection and pension systems can be achieved only from a sociohistorical perspective upon the framework in which these emerged and developed.

Designing Outcome-Based Performance Management Systems to Assess Policies Impacting on Caesarean Section Rate: An Analysis of the Sicilian Maternity …

2017

The reduction in Caesarean sections (CSs) is widely considered a priority in the public decision makers agenda. Though the World Health Organisation has strongly encouraged countries to implement policies to reduce CSs to 10–15%, after almost thirty years this goal appears still far from its achievement. The literature depicts CS as a multifaceted phenomenon whose causes involve different factors, ranging from the patient sphere to the health care level of services provided, and the societal preference of CS practice. Policy makers aiming to standardise cares and to reduce CSs often implement maternity pathways (MP). By investigating the MP introduced in the Sicilian region, the authors hig…