Search results for "Pyridine"

showing 10 items of 2516 documents

A new and versatile method for iodofunctionalization of 1,3-dienes

1986

Abstract We wish to report the reactions of conjugated dienes with I(py) 2 BF 4 . This simple and general method allows the regiospecific 1,2-addition of iodine and a nucleophile to terminal dienes and the 1,4-addition to internal dienes.

Addition reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundGeneral methodNucleophileChemistryOrganic ChemistryDrug DiscoveryPyridineHalogenationOrganic chemistryConjugated systemAliphatic compoundBiochemistryTetrahedron Letters
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Effect of histamine and histamine analogues on human isolated myometrial strips.

1992

1. The effect of histamine and histamine H1- and H2-receptor agonists on isolated myometrium strips of premenopausal women has been examined. The effect of acetylcholine was also determined. 2. Histamine, 2-pyridylethylamine, 4-methylhistamine and acetylcholine, but not dimaprit, produced a concentration-related contractile response in human isolated myometrial strips. Histamine also produced a further contraction in human isolated myometrial strips precontracted with KCl (55 mM). 3. The contractile response to histamine was antagonized by the histamine H1-receptor antagonist, clemizole (0.1 microM) but was potentiated by the histamine H2-receptor antagonist, ranitidine (10 microM). Clemizo…

AdultAtropinemedicine.medical_specialtyPyridinesMuscle RelaxationHistamine H1 receptorRanitidineHistamine agonistPotassium ChlorideHistamine Agonistschemistry.chemical_compoundHistamine receptorUterine ContractionHistamine H2 receptorInternal medicinemedicineHumansPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMethylhistaminesMuscle SmoothMiddle AgedDimapritAcetylcholineClemizoleEndocrinologyMuscle relaxationchemistryMyometriumBenzimidazolesFemaleHistamineHistamineResearch ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology
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Distribution of betalain pigments in red blood cells after consumption of cactus pear fruits and increased resistance of the cells to ex vivo induced…

2005

Betalain pigments are bioavailable phytochemicals recently acknowledged as natural radical scavengers. This work, which extends previous research on the postabsorbitive fate of dietary betalains, investigated the distribution of betanin and indicaxanthin in red blood cells (RBCs) isolated from healthy volunteers (n = 8), before and during the 1-8 h interval after a cactus pear fruit meal, and the potential antioxidative activity of the pigments in these cells. A peak concentration of indicaxanthin (1.03 +/- 0.2 microM) was observed in RBCs isolated at 3 h after fruit feeding, whereas the concentration at 5 h was about half, and even smaller amounts were measured at 8 h. Indicaxanthin was no…

AdultCactaceaeMaleAntioxidantErythrocytesIndolesPyridinesmedicine.medical_treatmentBetalainsindicaxanthinred blood cellBiologyHemolysischemistry.chemical_compoundBetalainBotanymedicineHumansFood sciencecactus pear; betalains; betanin; indicaxanthin; red blood cell; oxidative hemolysis; bioavailable phytochemicalsBetaninbioavailable phytochemicalsbetaninbetalainGeneral Chemistrymedicine.diseaseHemolysisBetaxanthinsDietQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsRed blood celloxidative hemolysiKineticsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCumene hydroperoxideFruitcactus pearFemaleBetacyaninsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesIndicaxanthinEx vivoJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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Absorption, excretion, and distribution of dietary antioxidant betalains in LDLs: potential health effects of betalains in humans

2004

Background: Betalains were recently identified as natural antioxidants. However, little is known about their bioavailability from dietary sources. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the bioavailability of betalains from dietary sources. Design: The plasma kinetics and urinary excretion of betalains were studied in healthy volunteers (n 8) after a single ingestion of 500 g cactus pear fruit pulp, which provided 28 and 16 mg indicaxanthin and betanin, respectively. The incorporation of betalains in LDL and the resistance of the particles to ex vivo–induced oxidation was also researched. Results: Betanin and indicaxanthin reached their maximum plasma concentrations 3 h after the fruit me…

AdultCactaceaeMaleAntioxidantIndolesPyridinesmedicine.medical_treatmentBetalainsMedicine (miscellaneous)Biological AvailabilityAntioxidantsExcretionchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineIngestionHumansVitamin EFood scienceChromatography High Pressure LiquidBetaninNutrition and DieteticsChemistryVitamin ECarotenebeta CaroteneBioavailabilityBetaxanthinsLipoproteins LDLQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsBiochemistryArea Under CurveFemaleBetacyaninsBetanin cactus pear dietary betalains human health indicaxanthin LDLIndicaxanthinOxidation-Reduction
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Leptin and leptin receptor expression in asthma.

2009

Background The adipokine leptin is a potential new mediator for bronchial epithelial homeostasis. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway remodeling that might affect disease chronicity and severity. TGF-β is a tissue growth factor the dysregulation of which is associated with airway remodeling. Objective We sought to determine whether a bronchial epithelial dysfunction of the leptin/leptin receptor pathway contributes to asthma pathogenesis and severity. Methods We investigated in vitro the presence of leptin/leptin receptor on human bronchial epithelial cells. Then we studied the effect of TGF-β and fluticasone propionate on leptin receptor expression. Finally, th…

AdultLeptinMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPyridinesMorpholinesImmunologyAdipokineBronchiRespiratory MucosaSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaCell LinePathogenesisTransforming Growth Factor beta1Leptin leptin receptor severe asthma epithelium TGF-b remodelingInternal medicineImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumansEnzyme InhibitorsReceptorCell ProliferationLeptin receptorbusiness.industryTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaLeptindigestive oral and skin physiologyImidazolesMiddle AgedEpitheliumAsthmaRecombinant Proteinsrespiratory tract diseasesAndrostadienesmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyChromonesImmunologyFluticasoneReceptors LeptinFemalebusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsEx vivoTransforming growth factorThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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Safety and Efficacy of Sorafenib in Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Consideration of Concomitant Stage of Liver Cirrhosis

2009

GOALS AND BACKGROUND: The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib provides survival benefit for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis (LCI) Child-Pugh A. We report our experiences with sorafenib in advanced HCC, particularly in patients with LCI Child-Pugh B/C, where only limited data are available in regard to safety and efficacy of sorafenib. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with advanced HCC were treated with sorafenib regardless of liver function and prior anticancer therapy. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using Common Toxicity Criteria version 3.0, tumor response was assessed according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. RESULTS: Fifteen patients…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMaleNiacinamideSorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularTime FactorsCirrhosisPyridinesAntineoplastic AgentsKaplan-Meier EstimateRisk AssessmentSeverity of Illness IndexGastroenterologyInternal medicinemedicineCarcinomaHumansProspective StudiesProtein Kinase InhibitorsAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryPatient SelectionPhenylurea CompoundsBenzenesulfonatesLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyCancerMiddle AgedSorafenibmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesSurgeryTreatment OutcomeResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsHepatocellular carcinomaConcomitantFemaleLiver functionbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of Clinical Gastroenterology
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A Phase I dose-escalation study of third-line regorafenib with trifluridine/tipiracil in metastatic colorectal cancer

2021

Aim: To determine a recommended Phase II dose of the oral fluoropyrimidine trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) combined with the multi-kinase inhibitor regorafenib (REG) in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Materials & methods: A conventional 3 + 3 dose finding design was used. FTD/TPI was administered on days 1–5 and 8–12 of a 28-day cycle, REG on days 2–22. Two dose levels were used: FTD/TPI 25 mg/m2 b.i.d. + REG 120 mg/d, then escalated to FTD/TPI 35 mg/m2 b.i.d. + REG 120 mg/d. Results: In total, 12 patients were treated at two dose levels. Three dose-limiting toxicities were observed; all were grade 3 hypertension causally attributed to REG. Recommended Phase II dose …

AdultMale0301 basic medicineOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPyrrolidinesMaximum Tolerated DosePyridinesColorectal cancerAdministration OralTrifluridineDrug Administration ScheduleTrifluridine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRefractoryRegorafenibInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineDose escalationHumansResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsAgedTipiracilDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryPhenylurea CompoundsGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseProgression-Free SurvivalDrug Combinations030104 developmental biologyOncologychemistryThird lineDrug Resistance Neoplasm030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHypertensionToxicityFeasibility StudiesFemaleColorectal NeoplasmsbusinessThyminemedicine.drugFuture Oncology
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Roxindole, a dopamine autoreceptor agonist, in the treatment of major depression

1993

Roxindole is a potent autoreceptor-“selective” dopamine agonist originally developed for the treatment of schizophrenic syndromes. The drug also inhibits 5-HT uptake and has 5-HT1A agonistic actions. In this open clinical trial 12 in-patients suffering from a major depressive episode (DSM-III-R) were treated with roxindole for 28 days in a fixed dosage of 15 mg per day. A reduction of at least 50% in HAMD-17 total scores was observed in 8 out of 12 patients after 4 weeks (mean HAMD-17 reduction of 56% in all patients), while 4 patients did not respond to roxindole treatment. Half of the patients showed a complete psychopathological remission (HAMD-17 <8). Roxindole's onset of antidepressant…

AdultMaleAgonistIndolesPyridinesmedicine.drug_classPharmacologyDopamine agonistAsymptomaticchemistry.chemical_compoundRoxindoleDopaminemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Major depressive episodePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPharmacologyDepressive Disorderbusiness.industryMiddle AgedOxindolesProlactinchemistryDopamine receptorAnesthesiaDopamine AgonistsAutoreceptorAntidepressantFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessPsychologymedicine.drugPsychopharmacology
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Phase 1/2 study of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6 inhibitor palbociclib (PD-0332991) with bortezomib and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multi…

2015

This phase 1/2 study was the first to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6-specific inhibitor palbociclib (PD-0332991) in sequential combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. The recommended phase 2 dose was palbociclib 100 mg orally once daily on days 1-12 of a 21-day cycle with bortezomib 1.0 mg/m2 (intravenous) and dexamethasone 20 mg (orally 30 min pre-bortezomib dosing) on days 8 and 11 (early G1 arrest) and days 15 and 18 (cell cycle resumed). Dose-limiting toxicities were primarily cytopenias; most other treatment-related adverse events were grade≤3. At a bortezomib dose lower than that in other combina…

AdultMaleCancer ResearchCombination therapyPyridinesKaplan-Meier EstimatePalbociclibPharmacologyDexamethasoneDrug Administration SchedulePiperazinesBortezomibRecurrenceCyclin-dependent kinaseAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsHumansMedicineMultiple myelomaDexamethasoneAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overbiologybusiness.industryBortezomibCyclin-Dependent Kinase 4Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6HematologyMiddle AgedCell cyclemedicine.diseaseTreatment OutcomeOncologyDrug Resistance NeoplasmPharmacodynamicsRetreatmentbiology.proteinFemaleDrug MonitoringMultiple Myelomabusinessmedicine.drugLeukemia &amp; Lymphoma
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Efficacy and tolerability of lasmiditan, an oral 5-HT1F receptor agonist, for the acute treatment of migraine : a phase 2 randomised, placebo-control…

2012

Lasmiditan (COL-144) is a novel, centrally acting, highly selective 5-HT(1F) receptor agonist without vasoconstrictor activity that seemed effective when given as an intravenous infusion in a proof-of-concept migraine study. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of oral lasmiditan for the acute treatment of migraine.In this multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group, dose-ranging study in 43 headache centres in five European countries, patients with migraine with and without aura and who were not using prophylaxis were randomly assigned (1:1:1:1:1) to treat one moderate or severe attack at home with 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, or 400 mg lasmiditan, or placebo. Study drug and placebo were sup…

AdultMaleDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsPyridinesPopulationMedizinAdministration OralKaplan-Meier EstimatePlacebolaw.inventionYoung Adult03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDouble-Blind MethodPiperidinesRandomized controlled triallawHumansMedicineAdverse effecteducationAgededucation.field_of_studyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryMiddle AgedDose-ranging studymedicine.diseaseLasmiditanSerotonin Receptor Agonists3. Good healthTreatment OutcomechemistryTolerabilityMigraine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAnesthesiaBenzamidesFemaleNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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