Search results for "QB"

showing 10 items of 522 documents

Gamma-induced background in the KATRIN main spectrometer

2019

The KATRIN experiment aims to measure the effective electron antineutrino mass $$m_{\overline{\nu }_e}$$ mν¯e with a sensitivity of $${0.2}\,{\hbox {eV}/\hbox {c}^2}$$ 0.2eV/c2 using a gaseous tritium source combined with the MAC-E filter technique. A low background rate is crucial to achieving the proposed sensitivity, and dedicated measurements have been performed to study possible sources of background electrons. In this work, we test the hypothesis that gamma radiation from external radioactive sources significantly increases the rate of background events created in the main spectrometer (MS) and observed in the focal-plane detector. Using detailed simulations of the gamma flux in the e…

Speichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorsgamma ray: backgroundshieldingshielding: magneticPhysicsFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)electron: secondarysensitivityKATRINbackground: lowlcsh:QB460-466electron: backgroundlcsh:QC770-798lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivityddc:530gamma ray: flux[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Electromagnetismonumerical calculationselectrostatic
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The gaia-eso survey: dynamical analysis of the l1688 region in ophiuchus

2016

The Gaia ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey (GES) is providing the astronomical community with high-precision measurements of many stellar parameters including radial velocities (RVs) of stars belonging to several young clusters and star-forming regions. One of the main goals of the young cluster observations is to study of their dynamical evolution and provide insight into their future, revealing if they will eventually disperse to populate the field, rather than evolve into bound open clusters. In this paper we report the analysis of the dynamical state of L1688 in the $\rho$~Ophiuchi molecular cloud using the dataset provided by the GES consortium. We performed the membership selection of t…

Stars: formationPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesVirial theoremstars: pre-main sequence / open clusters and associations: individual: L1688 / stars: kinematics and dynamics / stars: formation0103 physical scienceseducation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCOpen clusters and associations: individual: L1688Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)QBPhysicseducation.field_of_study010308 nuclear & particles physicsStar formationMolecular cloudVelocity dispersionAstronomy and AstrophysicsStars: kinematics and dynamicAstronomy and AstrophysicAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesStarsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)OphiuchusStars: pre-main sequenceOpen clusterAstronomy and Astrophysics
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Are long gamma-ray bursts biased tracers of star formation? Clues from the host galaxies of the Swift/BAT6 complete sample of LGRBs

2015

Aims: Long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) are associated with massive stars and are therefore linked to star formation. However, the conditions needed for the progenitor stars to produce LGRBs can affect the relation between the LGRB rate and star formation. By using the power of a complete LGRB sample, our long-term aim is to understand whether such a bias exists and, if it does, what its origin is. Methods: To reach our goal we use the Swift/BAT6 complete sample of LGRBs. In this first paper, we build the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the 14 z ⋆) from SED fitting. To investigate the presence of a bias in the LGRB-star formation relation we compare the stellar mass distribution of the LG…

Stellar massMetallicityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPopulationgamma-ray burst: generalAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicseducation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsQBPhysicseducation.field_of_study010308 nuclear & particles physicsStar formationAstronomy and AstrophysicsGalaxyStarsgalaxies: photometrySpace and Planetary Sciencegalaxies: star formationSpectral energy distributionAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsGamma-ray burst[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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The Gaia-ESO survey: Discovery of a spatially extended low-mass population in the Vela OB2 association

2015

The nearby (distance~350-400 pc), rich Vela OB2 association, includes $\gamma^2$ Velorum, one of the most massive binaries in the solar neighbourhood and an excellent laboratory for investigating the formation and early evolution of young clusters. Recent Gaia-ESO survey observations have led to the discovery of two kinematically distinct populations in the young (10-15 Myr) cluster immediately surrounding $\gamma^2$ Velorum. Here we analyse the results of Gaia-ESO survey observations of NGC 2547, a 35 Myr cluster located two degrees south of $\gamma^2$ Velorum. The radial velocity distribution of lithium-rich pre-main sequence stars shows a secondary population that is kinematically distin…

Stellar populationStars: Individual: Gamma2 velorumPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesTechniques: SpectroscopicAstrophysicsVela01 natural sciencesOpen clusters and associations: Individual: NGC 25470103 physical sciencesCluster (physics)educationStars: Pre-main sequence010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)QBOpen clusters and associations: Individual: Vela OB2Physicseducation.field_of_study010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and Astrophysicsstars: formation; stars: pre-main sequence; techniques: spectroscopicAstronomy and AstrophysicRadial velocityStarsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceStars: FormationLow MassOpen clusters and associations: Individual: NGC 2547; Open clusters and associations: Individual: Vela OB2; Stars: Formation; Stars: Individual: Gamma2 velorum; Stars: Pre-main sequence; Techniques: Spectroscopic; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science
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Sterile neutrino portal to Dark Matter II: exact dark symmetry

2017

We analyze a simple extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a dark sector composed of a scalar and a fermion, both singlets under the SM gauge group but charged under a dark sector symmetry group. Sterile neutrinos, which are singlets under both groups, mediate the interactions between the dark sector and the SM particles, and generate masses for the active neutrinos via the seesaw mechanism. We explore the parameter space region where the observed Dark Matter relic abundance is determined by the annihilation into sterile neutrinos, both for fermion and scalar Dark Matter particles. The scalar Dark Matter case provides an interesting alternative to the usual Higgs portal scenario. We also…

Sterile neutrinoParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics beyond the Standard ModelDark matterFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesStandard ModelHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical scienceslcsh:QB460-466lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenology3. Good healthHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologySeesaw mechanismHiggs bosonlcsh:QC770-798High Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoLeptonAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsEuropean Physical Journal C
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3D MHD MODELING of TWISTED CORONAL LOOPS

2016

We perform MHD modeling of a single bright coronal loop to include the interaction with a non-uniform magnetic field. The field is stressed by random footpoint rotation in the central region and its energy is dissipated into heating by growing currents through anomalous magnetic diffusivity that switches on in the corona above a current density threshold. We model an entire single magnetic flux tube, in the solar atmosphere extending from the high-beta chromosphere to the low-beta corona through the steep transition region. The magnetic field expands from the chromosphere to the corona. The maximum resolution is ~30 km. We obtain an overall evolution typical of loop models and realistic loo…

Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencescorona [Sun]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNDASFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSun: activity0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsQB Astronomyactivity [Sun]010303 astronomy & astrophysicsChromosphereSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)QC0105 earth and related environmental sciencesQBPhysicsFlux tubeSun: coronaAstronomy and AstrophysicsCoronal loopCoronaMagnetic fluxComputational physicsMagnetic fieldQC PhysicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsMagnetohydrodynamicsMagnetic diffusivity
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A fast multi-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic formulation of the transition region adaptive conduction (TRAC) method

2021

We have demonstrated that the Transition Region Adaptive Conduction (TRAC) method permits fast and accurate numerical solutions of the field-aligned hydrodynamic equations, successfully removing the influence of numerical resolution on the coronal density response to impulsive heating. This is achieved by adjusting the parallel thermal conductivity, radiative loss, and heating rates to broaden the transition region (TR), below a global cutoff temperature, so that the steep gradients are spatially resolved even when using coarse numerical grids. Implementing the original 1D formulation of TRAC in multi-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models would require tracing a large number of magne…

Sun: flaresMagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencescorona [Sun]Field lineNDASFOS: Physical scienceschromosphere [Sun]Astrophysics01 natural sciencestransition region [Sun]0103 physical sciencesRadiative transferQB AstronomyMagnetohydrodynamic driveflares hydrodynamics [Sun]Sun: transition region010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)QC0105 earth and related environmental sciencescomputer.programming_languageQBPhysicsSun: coronaSun: chromosphereAstronomy and AstrophysicsTRACCoronal loopThermal conductionComputational physicsMagnetic fieldQC PhysicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceHydrodynamicsMagnetohydrodynamicscomputerSettore FIS/06 - Fisica Per Il Sistema Terra E Il Mezzo Circumterrestre
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Chromospheric evaporation and phase mixing of Alfvén waves in coronal loops

2020

Phase mixing of Alfv\'en waves has been studied extensively as a possible coronal heating mechanism but without the full thermodynamic consequences considered self-consistently. It has been argued that in some cases, the thermodynamic feedback of the heating could substantially affect the transverse density gradient and even inhibit the phase mixing process. In this paper, we use MHD simulations with the appropriate thermodynamical terms included to quantify the evaporation following heating by phase mixing of Alfv\'en waves in a coronal loop and the effect of this evaporation on the transverse density profile. The numerical simulations were performed using the Lare2D code. We set up a 2D l…

Sun: generalatmosphere [Sun]Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)corona [Sun]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesDensity gradientThermodynamic equilibriumT-NDASEvaporationAstrophysics01 natural sciencesAlfvén wave0103 physical sciencesgeneral [Sun]QB AstronomyAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSun: oscillations010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCQB0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsSun: coronaoscillations [Sun]Astronomy and AstrophysicsMechanicsCoronal loopDissipationTransverse planeQC PhysicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsWavesMagnetohydrodynamicsBDCSun: atmosphere
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Answering Schrödinger's "What Is Life?"

2020

In his &ldquo

Work (thermodynamics)Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectdelayed production of entropyGeneral Physics and Astronomylcsh:AstrophysicsSecond law of thermodynamicscode script01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmasaperiodic solidinformation03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakecausally efficaciousthermodynamic workentailing lawslcsh:QB460-4660103 physical sciencesboundary conditionslcsh:Scienceconstraint closure030304 developmental biologyPhysical lawmedia_common0303 health sciencesopen-ended evolutionNewtonian paradigmlcsh:QC1-999Aperiodic graphsymbolslcsh:QMathematical economicsconstrained release of energylcsh:PhysicsSchrödinger's catEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)
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Contribution of mode coupling and phase-mixing of Alfv\'en waves to coronal heating

2017

This research has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 647214) and from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work used the DiRAC Data Centric system at Durham University, operated by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk. This equipment was funded by a BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant ST/K00042X/1, STFC capital grant ST/K00087X/1, DiRAC Operations grant ST/K003267/1 and Durham University. Context. Phase-mixing of Alfvén waves in the solar corona has been identified as one possible candid…

Work (thermodynamics)Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)corona [Sun]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNDASSun: Magnetic fieldsContext (language use)Astrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesThermalQB AstronomyAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCQB0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsSun: Coronabusiness.industrySun: Oscillationsoscillations [Sun]Astronomy and AstrophysicsCoronal loopMechanicsBoundary layerQC Physicsmagnetic fields [Sun]Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceMode couplingPhysics::Space PhysicsWavesMagnetohydrodynamicsbusinessThermal energy
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