Search results for "QC"

showing 10 items of 3477 documents

Hard diffraction in photoproduction with Pythia 8

2019

We present a new framework for modeling hard diffractive events in photoproduction, implemented in the general purpose event generator Pythia 8. The model is an extension of the model for hard diffraction with dynamical gap survival in pp and ppbar collisions proposed in 2015, now also allowing for other beam types. It thus relies on several existing ideas: the Ingelman-Schlein approach, the framework for multiparton interactions and the recently developed framework for photoproduction in gamma p, gamma gamma, ep and $e^+e^-$ collisions. The model proposes an explanation for the observed factorization breaking in photoproduced diffractive dijet events at HERA, showing an overall good agreem…

DiffractionParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)FOS: Physical scienceslcsh:Astrophysicshiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciencesGamma gammaHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Factorization0103 physical scienceslcsh:QB460-466photonslcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivityparticle physics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Event generatorPhysicsLarge Hadron Colliderfotonit010308 nuclear & particles physicsHERAHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyGeneral purposelcsh:QC770-798High Energy Physics::ExperimentBeam (structure)
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Backward transition radiation in the extreme ultraviolet region as a tool for the transverse beam profile diagnostic

2014

The present article summarizes the results of two experiments which were performed to study the radiation properties of backward transition radiation (BTR) in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region. This wavelength region is of particular interest for transverse beam profile imaging, because the spatial resolution is improved as a result of the reduced contribution in the imaging process of the fundamental diffraction limit. In addition, the influence of coherent effects in the transition radiation emission process, which have been observed in the visible region, might be mitigated. The first experiment, dedicated to the investigation of the BTR angular characteristics, indicates that the rad…

DiffractionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryExtreme ultraviolet lithographySurfaces and InterfacesRadiationRadiation propertiesWavelengthOpticsTransition radiationExtreme ultravioletlcsh:QC770-798ddc:530lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitybusinessBeam (structure)Physical Review Special Topics. Accelerators and Beams
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Investigation of Silicon Carbide Polytypes by Raman Spectroscopy

2014

Abstract Polytypes of colourless and coloured single crystals of silicon carbide (SiC) grown on SiC substrates by chemical vapour deposition are studied using Raman spectroscopy supplemented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The SEM analysis of the defect stacking faults, inclusions of defects and their distribution has shown that they correlate with the peak positions of the obtained Raman spectra and with the XRD data on the crystal structure

DiffractionScanning electron microscopePhysicsQC1-999General EngineeringStackingAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomySem analysisChemical vapor depositionCrystal structurex-ray diffraction (xrd)silicon carbide (sic)symbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundraman spectroscopychemistrysymbolsSilicon carbidepolytypesRaman spectroscopyLatvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences
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Wideband THz time domain spectroscopy based on optical rectification and electro-optic sampling

2013

We present an analytical model describing the full electromagnetic propagation in a THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system, from the THz pulses via Optical Rectification to the detection via Electro Optic-Sampling. While several investigations deal singularly with the many elements that constitute a THz-TDS, in our work we pay particular attention to the modelling of the time-frequency behaviour of all the stages which compose the experimental set-up. Therefore, our model considers the following main aspects: (i) pump beam focusing into the generation crystal; (ii) phase-matching inside both the generation and detection crystals; (iii) chromatic dispersion and absorption inside the c…

DiffractionTA1501Optical rectificationComputer scienceTerahertz radiationTerahertz radiationPhysics::OpticsSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaArticleCrystalElectro-optic samplingOptical rectificationOpticsSampling (signal processing)Dispersion (optics)Thz time domain spectroscopyWidebandSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Multidisciplinarybusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiQC0450Terahertz detectorsTerahertz sourcebusinessTelecommunicationsBeam (structure)
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Pattern formation in clouds via Turing instabilities

2020

Pattern formation in clouds is a well-known feature, which can be observed almost every day. However, the guiding processes for structure formation are mostly unknown, and also theoretical investigations of cloud patterns are quite rare. From many scientific disciplines the occurrence of patterns in non-equilibrium systems due to Turing instabilities is known, i.e. unstable modes grow and form spatial structures. In this study we investigate a generic cloud model for the possibility of Turing instabilities. For this purpose, the model is extended by diffusion terms. We can show that for some cloud models, i.e special cases of the generic model, no Turing instabilities are possible. However,…

Diffusion (acoustics)Structure formation010504 meteorology & atmospheric scienceslinear stability analysisQC1-999Pattern formationCloud computingDynamical Systems (math.DS)01 natural sciences86A10 (Primary) 37G02 (Secondary)numerical simulationspattern formationMeteorology. ClimatologyFOS: MathematicsStatistical physicsMathematics - Dynamical Systems0101 mathematicsSpecial caseTuringspatial patterns0105 earth and related environmental sciencescomputer.programming_languagePhysicsbusiness.industryPhysicscloud schemes010101 applied mathematicsNonlinear systemSpatial ecologyQC851-999businesscomputerMathematics of Climate and Weather Forecasting
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Path-wise versus kinetic modeling for equilibrating non-Langevin jump-type processes

2014

We discuss two independent methods of solution of a master equation whose biased jump transition rates account for long jumps of L\'{e}vy-stable type and nonetheless admit a Boltzmannian (thermal) equilibrium to arise in the large time asymptotics of a probability density function $\rho (x,t)$. Our main goal is to demonstrate a compatibility of a {\it direct} solution method (an explicit, albeit numerically assisted, integration of the master equation) with an {\it indirect} path-wise procedure, recently proposed in [Physica {\bf A 392}, 3485, (2013)] as a valid tool for a dynamical analysis of non-Langevin jump-type processes. The path-wise method heavily relies on an accumulation of large…

Direct solution methodStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)PhysicsQC1-999cauchy driverGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesmaster equationProbability density functionlévy processesKinetic energynon-langevin modellinggillespie’s algorithmLévy processboltzmann equilibriumThermalMaster equationJumpStatistical analysisStatistical physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanicspath-wise modellingMathematics
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Quantum computing thanks to Bianchi groups

2018

It has been shown that the concept of a magic state (in universal quantum computing: uqc) and that of a minimal informationally complete positive operator valued measure: MIC-POVMs (in quantum measurements) are in good agreement when such a magic state is selected in the set of non-stabilizer eigenstates of permutation gates with the Pauli group acting on it [1]. Further work observed that most found low-dimensional MICs may be built from subgroups of the modular group PS L(2, Z) [2] and that this can be understood from the picture of the trefoil knot and related 3-manifolds [3]. Here one concentrates on Bianchi groups PS L(2, O10) (with O10 the integer ring over the imaginary quadratic fie…

Discrete mathematics[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesRing of integers[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsModular group0103 physical sciencesPauli groupQuadratic field0101 mathematics[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsQuantumEigenvalues and eigenvectorsTrefoil knotQuantum computerMathematics
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Potential implementation of reservoir computing models based on magnetic skyrmions

2018

Reservoir Computing is a type of recursive neural network commonly used for recognizing and predicting spatio-temporal events relying on a complex hierarchy of nested feedback loops to generate a memory functionality. The Reservoir Computing paradigm does not require any knowledge of the reservoir topology or node weights for training purposes and can therefore utilize naturally existing networks formed by a wide variety of physical processes. Most efforts prior to this have focused on utilizing memristor techniques to implement recursive neural networks. This paper examines the potential of skyrmion fabrics formed in magnets with broken inversion symmetry that may provide an attractive phy…

Distributed computingMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyMemristor01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsTopology (chemistry)PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsArtificial neural networkHierarchy (mathematics)SkyrmionReservoir computingPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Recurrent neural networkNode (circuits)0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsAIP Advances
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A review of health assessment techniques for distribution transformers in smart distribution grids

2020

Due to the large number of distribution transformers in the distribution grid, the status of distribution transformers plays an important role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the these grids. To evaluate the distribution transformer health, many assessment techniques have been studied and developed. These tools will support the transformer operators in predicting the status of the distribution transformer and responding effectively. This paper will review the literature in the area, analyze the latest techniques as well as highlight the advantages and disadvantages of current methodologies.

Distribution (number theory)Computer science020209 energy02 engineering and technologyDistribution transformer01 natural scienceslcsh:Technologylcsh:Chemistry0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials Sciencedistribution transformerInstrumentationlcsh:QH301-705.5Transformer (machine learning model)010302 applied physicsFluid Flow and Transfer Processeslcsh:TProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Engineeringreal-time assessmentTransformer healthtransformer failureslcsh:QC1-999Computer Science ApplicationsReliability engineeringSettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaHealth assessmentlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040Distribution gridlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:Physicstransformer failure
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Predictions for Cold Nuclear Matter Effects in $p+$Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 8.16$ TeV

2017

Predictions for cold nuclear matter effects on charged hadrons, identified light hadrons, quarkonium and heavy flavor hadrons, Drell-Yan dileptons, jets, photons, gauge bosons and top quarks produced in $p+$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 8.16$ TeV are compiled and, where possible, compared to each other. Predictions of the normalized ratios of $p+$Pb to $p+p$ cross sections are also presented for most of the observables, providing new insights into the expected role of cold nuclear matter effects. In particular, the role of nuclear parton distribution functions on particle production can now be probed over a wider range of phase space than ever before.

Drell-Yan processNuclear TheoryCold nuclear matterFOS: Physical sciencesparton: distribution functiondileptonphase spaceHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Perturbative QCDheavy quarkNuclear ExperimentParticle Physics - Phenomenologygauge bosonHard and electromagnetic probesHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyphotonnucleushep-phnuclear matter: effectHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyCharged hadron production[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph][ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::Experimenthadronquarkonium
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