Search results for "Quantification"

showing 10 items of 157 documents

Bone marrow fat quantification of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: comparison of multi-voxel proton MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift g…

2011

Background Only a few studies have used in/opposed phase method for a quantitative evaluation of fat fraction in the spine. Purpose To compare multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift gradient-echo MR imaging for bone marrow fat quantification in vertebral compression fractures (VCF). Material and Methods Vertebral marrow fat quantification in fifteen patients was measured at 3.0-T. Multi-voxel proton spectroscopy (MRS) and in/opposed-phase MR imaging using a fat map build with a triple-echo gradient-echo sequence was used. All the patients had benign vertebral collapse. Bone marrow fat content was evaluated by both techniques in compressed (acute or chronic) and in non-compress…

MaleIn vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopyMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Fat quantificationcomputer.software_genreMESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMESH: Aged 80 and over0302 clinical medicineBone MarrowVoxelFractures CompressionMESH: Fractures CompressionAged 80 and overMESH: AgedMESH: Middle Aged[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCompression (physics)LipidsMagnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureAcute DiseaseSpinal FracturesMESH: Acute DiseaseFemaleMESH: Bone MarrowMESH: OsteoporosisAdultMESH: Spinal Fractures03 medical and health sciences[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedMESH: HumansMESH: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopybusiness.industryMESH: Chronic DiseaseVertebral compression fractureMESH: Adultmedicine.diseaseMESH: LipidsMr imagingMESH: MaleProton mr spectroscopyChronic DiseaseOsteoporosisBone marrowbusinessNuclear medicineMESH: Femalecomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryActa Radiologica
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Unmixing of human skin optical reflectance maps by Non-negative Matrix Factorization algorithm

2013

International audience; We present in this paper the decomposition of human skin absorption spectra with a Non-negative Matrix Factorization method. In doing so, we are able to quantify the relative proportion of the main chromophores present in the epidermis and the dermis. We present experimental results showing that we obtain a good estimate of melanin and hemoglobin concentrations. Our approach has been validated by analyzing the human skin absorption spectra in areas of healthy skin and areas affected by melasma on eight patients.

Materials science[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingAbsorption spectroscopyMelasmaHealth InformaticsHuman skin02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing01 natural sciencesNon-negative Matrix FactorizationNon-negative matrix factorizationMatrix decomposition010309 opticsSpectral reconstructionOpticsDermis[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingChromophores quantificationOptical reflectance[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imagingintegumentary systembusiness.industrymedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingEpidermisSkin optical reflectance mapsbusinessBiological system[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
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Optimal transport maps on Alexandrov spaces revisited

2018

We give an alternative proof for the fact that in $n$-dimensional Alexandrov spaces with curvature bounded below there exists a unique optimal transport plan from any purely $(n-1)$-unrectifiable starting measure, and that this plan is induced by an optimal map.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryClass (set theory)Pure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsExistential quantificationPlan (drawing)Algebraic geometryoptimaalisuusCurvatureMeasure (mathematics)Primary 53C23. Secondary 49K30Mathematics - Analysis of PDEsMathematics - Metric GeometryFOS: Mathematicsmass transportationMathematics::Metric GeometryMathematicsAlexandrov-avaruudetMetric Geometry (math.MG)Number theoryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Bounded functionMathematics::Differential GeometrymassasiirtoAlexandrov spacesAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Failure of the local-to-global property for CD(K,N) spaces

2016

Given any K and N we show that there exists a compact geodesic metric measure space satisfying locally the CD(0,4) condition but failing CD(K,N) globally. The space with this property is a suitable non convex subset of R^2 equipped with the l^\infty-norm and the Lebesgue measure. Combining many such spaces gives a (non compact) complete geodesic metric measure space satisfying CD(0,4) locally but failing CD(K,N) globally for every K and N.

Mathematics - Differential GeometryDiscrete mathematicsProperty (philosophy)GeodesicLebesgue measureExistential quantification010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)Space (mathematics)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Theoretical Computer ScienceMathematics (miscellaneous)Mathematics - Metric GeometryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)0103 physical sciencesMetric (mathematics)FOS: Mathematics010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematics53C23 (Primary) 28A33 49Q20 (Secondary)MathematicsANNALI SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE - CLASSE DI SCIENZE
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Nonexistence of Quasiconformal Maps Between Certain Metric Measure Spaces

2013

We provide new conditions that ensure that two metric measure spaces are not quasiconformally equivalent. As an application, we deduce that there exists no quasiconformal map between the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg and roto-translation groups.

Mathematics - Differential Geometrymetric measure spacesPure mathematicsMathematics::Dynamical SystemsMathematics::Complex VariablesGeneral MathematicsExistential quantificationta111010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)quasiconformal equivalenceDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Mathematics - Metric Geometryquasiconformal mappingsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs0103 physical sciencesMetric (mathematics)Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsMathematics (all)010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsMathematicsInternational Mathematics Research Notices
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Origin and phylogeography of the Chagas disease main vector Triatoma infestans based on nuclear rDNA sequences and genome size

2004

For about half of all Chagas disease cases T. infestans has been the responsible vector. Contributing to its genetic knowledge will increase Our understanding of the capacity of geographic expansion and domiciliation of triatomines. Populations of all infestans subcomplex species, T. infestans, T. delpontei, T. platensis and T. melanosoma and the so-called T. infestans "dark morph", from many South American countries were studied. A total of 10 and 7 different ITS-2 and ITS-1 haplotypes, respectively, were found. The total intraspecific ITS-2 nucleotide variability detected in T. infestans is the highest hitherto known in triatomines. ITS-1 minisatellites, detected for the first time in tri…

Microbiology (medical)Chagas disease030231 tropical medicinePopulationDNA quantificationtriatoma infestans subcomplex rDNA ITS 1. 5.8S and ITS 2 sequencesPopulation geneticsDisease Vectorsphylogeography[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomyMicrobiologyDNA RibosomalGene flow03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinepopulation genetics analysisTriatoma infestansGenetic variationDNA Ribosomal SpacerGeneticsAnimalsTriatomaeducationMolecular BiologyGenome sizeEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_study[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]biologyflow cytometrymolecular clockbiology.organism_classificationInsect VectorsRNA Ribosomal 5.8S[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate ZoologyPhylogeographyInfectious DiseasesMinisatelliteGenetics PopulationEvolutionary biology[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
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Characterization and multicentric validation of a common standard for Toxoplasma gondii detection using nucleic acid amplification assays.

2014

ABSTRACT The molecular diagnosis of toxoplasmosis essentially relies upon laboratory-developed methods and suffers from lack of standardization, hence the large diversity of performances between laboratories. Moreover, quantifications of parasitic loads differ among centers, a fact which prevents the possible prediction of the severity of this disease as a function of parasitic loads. The objectives of this multicentric study performed in eight proficient laboratories of the Molecular Biology Pole of the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis (NRC-T) were (i) to assess the suitability of a lyophilized preparation of Toxoplasma gondii as a common standard for use in this PCR-base…

Microbiology (medical)MESH: Reference Standards*MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods*MESH: Parasite Load/standards[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Toxoplasma gondiidiagnosticParasitic loadsParasite LoadMESH: Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/standards*MESH: Toxoplasma/isolation & purification*medicineMolecular diagnostic techniquesHumansNational levelReference standardsMESH: Parasite Load/methodsstandardizationMESH: HumansbiologyMESH: Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods*Toxoplasma gondiiNucleic acid amplification techniqueMESH: Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis*MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/standards*Reference Standardsbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyToxoplasmosisquantification3. Good healthMESH: FranceMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesImmunologyNucleic acidMESH: Toxoplasma/geneticsParasitologyFranceNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesToxoplasmaToxoplasmosisJournal of clinical microbiology
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Determination of enrichment factors for modified RNA in MeRIP experiments

2019

In the growing field of RNA modification, precipitation techniques using antibodies play an important role. However, little is known about their specificities and protocols are missing to assess their effectiveness. Here we present a method to assess enrichment factors after MeRIP-type pulldown experiments, here exemplified with a commercial antibody against N6-methyladenosine (m6A). Testing different pulldown and elution conditions, we measure enrichment factors of 4-5 using m6A-containing mRNAs against an unmodified control of identical sequence. Both types of mRNA carry 32P labels at different nucleotides, allowing their relative quantification in a mixture after digestion to nucleotides…

Models MolecularAdenosineAbsolute quantificationMethylationProtein Structure SecondaryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyViral Proteins03 medical and health sciencesAdenosine TriphosphateRNA modificationEscherichia coliHumansImmunoprecipitationProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsNucleotideRNA MessengerMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesMessenger RNACell-Free SystemChemistryElution030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyRNADNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesBiochemistryImmunoglobulin GIsotope LabelingChromatography Thin LayerPhosphorus RadioisotopesProtein BindingMethods
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Assessing nonlinear structures in real exchange rates using recurrence plot strategies

2002

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is an important theory at the basis of a large number of economic models. However, the implication derived from the theory that real exchange rates must follow stationary processes is not conclusively supported by empirical studies. In a recent paper, Serletis and Gogas [Appl. Finance Econ. 10 (2000) 615] show evidence of deterministic chaos in several OECD exchange rates. As a consequence, PPP rejections could be spurious. In this work, we follow a two-stage testing procedure to test for nonlinearities and chaos in real exchange rates, using a new set of techniques designed by Webber and Zbilut [J. Appl. Physiol. 76 (1994) 965], called recurrence quantificatio…

Nonlinear systemPurchasing power parityRecurrence quantification analysisEconometricsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsEconomic modelCondensed Matter PhysicsSpurious relationshipRecurrence plotMathematical economicsMathematicsPhysica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
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In-depth evaluation of software tools for data-independent acquisition based label-free quantification.

2015

Label-free quantification (LFQ) based on data-independent acquisition workflows currently experiences increasing popularity. Several software tools have been recently published or are commercially available. The present study focuses on the evaluation of three different software packages (Progenesis, synapter, and ISOQuant) supporting ion mobility enhanced data-independent acquisition data. In order to benchmark the LFQ performance of the different tools, we generated two hybrid proteome samples of defined quantitative composition containing tryptically digested proteomes of three different species (mouse, yeast, Escherichia coli). This model dataset simulates complex biological samples con…

Normalization (statistics)ProteomicsProteomeComputer sciencebusiness.industrycomputer.software_genreBiochemistryMass SpectrometryPeptide FragmentsIdentifierLabel-free quantificationSoftwareIsoquantYeastsProteomeEscherichia coliHumansData-independent acquisitionData miningCluster analysisbusinessMolecular BiologycomputerSoftwareProteomics
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