Search results for "Quantile"

Explaining local governments' cost efficiency: Controllable and uncontrollable factors

2020

Abstract Efficient and effective management of public resources is essential at all levels of government. This issue has gained momentum due to the strains that affected public sector finances after the onset of the 2007/08 crisis in many countries, particularly in Europe. In this article, we evaluate the influence of environmental variables that affect local government efficiency in one European country, Spain, during the crisis years (2009–2015). To this end, and considering the possible influence of both controllable and uncontrollable factors, we use an approach that is able to analyse their impact across the conditional distribution of performance, and which controls for the (likely) e…

Analysis of the determinants of entrepreneurial intention: the case of Burkina Faso

2018

International audience; In this study, we propose to analyze students' entrepreneurial intention, drawing on Lazear's (2004) self-selection model. This model captures the role of "human capital" in employment assignment and emphasizes the importance of the variety of skills in the individual's entrepreneurial orientation. For this purpose, we have a database collected in 2017 from over 1000 students at Ouaga I and Ouaga II universities in Burkina Faso. The results of estimates obtained using the quantile regression method show a positive and significant effect of the diversity of skills on the intention score, mainly at the median level. Even if the effect is not strong, this result support…

Public-private sector pay gaps by industry, quantile and gender

2010

Trait Hedonism and the Distribution of Savoring and Positive Emotion States in Everyday Life.

2022

International audience; The present study aimed at (1) identifying the emotion regulation processes that can explain the trait hedonism positive emotions relationship, and (2) determining whether this relationship varies according to which part of the distribution of positive emotions is considered. To this end, the intensity of the positive emotions felt by 84 adult participants, and the intensity of their engagement in savoring, were assessed twice a day over a month period, using an Experience Sampling Method. Participants’ distributions of these variables were then related to their level of trait hedonism, assessed with a common questionnaire. Results suggested that, as expected, the tr…

Two‐sample problems in statistical data modelling

2010

A common problem in mathematical statistics is to check whether two samples differ from each other. From modelling point of view it is possible to make a statistical test for the equality of two means or alternatively two distribution functions. The second approach allows to represent the two‐sample test graphically. This can be done by adding simultaneous confidence bands to the probability‐probability (P — P) or quantile‐quantile (Q — Q) plots. In this paper we compare empirically the accuracy of the classical two‐sample t‐test, empirical likelihood method and several bootstrap methods. For a real data example both Q — Q and P — P plots with simultaneous confidence bands have been plotted…

Hints of latent drivers investigating university student performance

2018

Job market, nowadays, asks for higher and higher skills and competences. Therefore, also the measurement and assessment of the university students performance are crucial issues for policy makers. Although the scientific literature provides several papers investigating the main determinants of university student performance, often results are very different, and they seem to hold just in very specific contexts. This paper aims to contribute to the international literature, focusing on the role of student specific characteristics, supporting the idea that unobservable variables (such as motivation, aptitudes or abilities) should be more investigated.

Quantile index for gradual and abrupt change detection from CFB boiler sensor data in online settings

2012

In this paper we consider the problem of online detection of gradual and abrupt changes in sensor data having high levels of noise and outliers. We propose a simple heuristic method based on the Quantile Index (QI) and study how robust this method is for detecting both gradual and abrupt changes with such data. We evaluate the performance of our method on the artificially generated and real datasets that represent different operational settings of a pilot circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor and CFB cold model. Our experiments suggest that QI can be used for designing very simple yet effective methods for gradual change detection in the noisy sensor data. It can be also used for detectin…