Search results for "Quantum electrodynamics."

showing 10 items of 797 documents

Model-dependence of the γZ-dispersion correction to the proton's weak charge

2013

We analyze the dispersion correction to elastic parity violating electron-proton scattering due to γZ exchange and theoretical uncertainties associated with this correction. The new Standard Model prediction for the weak charge of the proton in the kinematics of the Q-Weak experiment, QWp = (0.0767±0.0008±0.0020γZ), the latter error being dominated by the uncertainty in the isospin structure of the inclusive cross-section.

Nuclear physicsPhysicsScatteringIsospinQuantum electrodynamicsParity (physics)AIP Conference Proceedings
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A Generic High-Dose-Rate 192Ir Source Model for Model-Based Dose Calculation Methods in Brachytherapy Beyond the TG-43 Formalism

2013

OncologyDose calculationbusiness.industryFormalism (philosophy)medicine.medical_treatmentQuantum electrodynamicsBrachytherapymedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDose ratebusinessSource modelBrachytherapy
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Towards a Thermodynamic Description of Supercontinuum Generation

2009

Based on the kinetic wave theory, we describe continuous-wave supercontinuum generation as a thermalization process, i.e., an irreversible evolution of the optical field towards a state of maximum nonequilibrium entropy.

Optical pumpingPhysicsEntropy (classical thermodynamics)ThermalisationQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsPhysics::OpticsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsNonlinear opticsOptical fieldKinetic energySupercontinuum
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Event-by-event fluctuations in a perturbative QCD plus saturation plus hydrodynamics model : Determining QCD matter shear viscosity in ultrarelativis…

2016

We introduce an event-by-event perturbative-QCD + saturation + hydro ("EKRT") framework for ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, where we compute the produced fluctuating QCD-matter energy densities from next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD using a saturation conjecture to control soft-particle production and describe the space-time evolution of the QCD matter with dissipative fluid dynamics, event by event. We perform a simultaneous comparison of the centrality dependence of hadronic multiplicities, transverse momentum spectra, and flow coefficients of the azimuth-angle asymmetries against the LHC and RHIC measurements. We compare also the computed event-by-event probability distribut…

PB-PB COLLISIONSMULTIPLICITIES01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesGLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONSquantum chromodynamicshydrodynamics model0103 physical sciencesFluid dynamics010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentTRANSVERSE ENERGIESKINETIC-THEORYQCD matterPhysicsta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsDISSIPATIVE FLUID-DYNAMICSELLIPTIC FLOWShear viscosityElliptic flowHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPerturbative QCDheavy-ion collisionsCENTRALITY DEPENDENCEFREEZE-OUTShear (geology)Quantum electrodynamicsRELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONSQuark–gluon plasmaDissipative system
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Commutators of second-class axial currents with normal weak currents and consequences for particle decays

1981

Second-class weak axial currents are studied in the framework of normal weak and electromagnetic currents. Equal time commutators between normal and abnormal axial currents and the isoscalar electromagnetic current are postulated and their consequences are worked out. A number of predictions for masses, coupling constants and decay properties are derived and are compared to available data.

Particle accelerationPhysicsCoupling constantPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Quantum electrodynamicsIsoscalarParticleVertex functionElementary particleField theory (psychology)Quantum field theoryEngineering (miscellaneous)Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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Dispersive evaluation of the D-term form factor in deeply virtual Compton scattering

2014

We present a dispersive representation of the D-term form factor for hard exclusive reactions, using unsubtracted $t$-channel dispersion relations. The $t$-channel unitarity relation is saturated with the contribution of two-pion intermediate states, using the two-pion distributions amplitude for the $\gamma^*\gamma\rightarrow \pi\pi$ subprocess and reconstructing the $\pi\pi\rightarrow N\bar N$ subprocess from available information on pion-nucleon partial-wave helicity amplitudes. Results for the D-term form factor as function of $t$ as well as at $t=0$ are discussed in comparison with available model predictions and phenomenological parametrizations.

Particle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNuclear Theorynucl-thNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesnucl-ex01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Dispersion relation0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsDispersion (water waves)Generalized parton distributionsNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentPhysicsUnitarity010308 nuclear & particles physicshep-exHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyCompton scatteringForm factor (quantum field theory)hep-phFunction (mathematics)Helicitylcsh:QC1-999High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyAmplitudeQuantum electrodynamicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDeeply virtual Compton scatteringlcsh:PhysicsDispersion relations
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Accelerated stabilization of coherent photon states

2018

| openaire: EC/H2020/681311/EU//QUESS Control and utilization of coherent states of microwave photons is a ubiquitous requirement for the present and near-future implementations of solid-state quantum computers. The rate at which the photon state responds to external driving is limited by the relaxation rate of the storage resonator, which poses a trade-off between fast control and long storage time. Here, we present a control scheme that is designed to drive an unknown photon state to a desired coherent state much faster than the resonator decay rate. Our method utilizes a tunable environment which acts on an ancillary qubit coupled to the resonator. By periodically resetting the qubit and…

PhotonDephasingGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologycoherent statescircuit quantum electrodynamics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesResonatorphoton statesCircuit quantum electrodynamics0103 physical scienceskvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsQuantum computerPhysicsfotonitbusiness.industryResonator mode021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyquantum information processingtunable electromagnetic environmentsQubitOptoelectronicsCoherent statesquantum state preparationdissipative quantum systems0210 nano-technologybusinessquantum control
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Revealing Hidden Quantum Correlations in an Electromechanical Measurement.

2018

Under a strong quantum measurement, the motion of an oscillator is disturbed by the measurement back-action, as required by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. When a mechanical oscillator is continuously monitored via an electromagnetic cavity, as in a cavity optomechanical measurement, the back-action is manifest by the shot noise of incoming photons that becomes imprinted onto the motion of the oscillator. Following the photons leaving the cavity, the correlations appear as squeezing of quantum noise in the emitted field. Here we observe such "ponderomotive" squeezing in the microwave domain using an electromechanical device made out of a superconducting resonator and a drumhead mechan…

PhotonUncertainty principleField (physics)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::Optics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasResonatorElectromagnetic cavity0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)kvanttimekaniikka010306 general physicsQuantumPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114quantum measurementsQuantum noiseShot noisesqueezing of quantum noiseoptomechanicsoptiset laitteetQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Physical review letters
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Dispersion relation formalism for the two-photon exchange correction to elastic muon-proton scattering: elastic intermediate state

2018

We evaluate the two-photon exchange correction to the unpolarized cross section in the elastic muon-proton scattering within dispersion relations. One of the six independent invariant amplitudes requires a subtraction. We fix the subtraction function to the model estimate of the full two-photon exchange at one of three MUSE beam energies and make a prediction for the two other energies. Additionally, we present single and double polarization observables accounting for the lepton mass.

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Nuclear TheoryFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:Astrophysics01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Two-photon excitation microscopyDispersion relation0103 physical scienceslcsh:QB460-466Intermediate statelcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Nuclear ExperimentPhysicsMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringSubtractionHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyAmplitudeQuantum electrodynamicslcsh:QC770-798Lepton
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A one-electron variant of direct perturbation theory for the treatment of scalar-relativistic effects

2018

The different importance of scalar-relativistic two-electron contributions in second-order direct perturbation theory (DPT2) and the spin-free one-electron variant of exact two-component theory (SF...

Physics010304 chemical physicsScalar (mathematics)BiophysicsElectron010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theoryRelativistic quantum chemistryMolecular BiologyMolecular Physics
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