Search results for "Quantum"

showing 10 items of 9714 documents

High‐nuclearity mixed‐valence magnetic clusters : A general solution of the double exchange problem

1996

We report here a general solution of the double‐exchange problem in the high‐nuclearity mixed valence systems containing arbitrary number P of the electrons delocalized over the network of N (P<N) localized spins. The developed approach is based on the successive (chainlike) spin‐coupling scheme and takes full advantage from the quantum angular momentum theory. In the framework of this approach the closed‐form analytical expressions are deduced for the matrix elements of the double exchange interaction, two‐electron transfer, and three‐center interaction that can be referred to as the potential exchange transfer. For the arbitrary nuclearity mixed‐valence systems the matrix elements of all …

Angular momentumValence (chemistry)SpinsChemistryExchange interactionExchange InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectron TransferQuantum numberLocalized StatesUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaDelocalized electronMolecular ClustersQuantum mechanicsMixed−Valence CompoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMatrix ElementsSpin−Lattice Relaxation:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Exchange Interactions ; Molecular Clusters ; Matrix Elements ; Electron Transfer ; Localized States ; Spin−Lattice Relaxation ; Mixed−Valence CompoundsQuantumBasis set
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The Ã 1Au state and the T2 potential surface of acetylene: Implications for triplet perturbations in the fluorescence spectra of the à state

1996

The cis–trans isomerization reaction on the T2 surface of acetylene and the lowest excited singlet state of acetylene, A 1Au, are investigated by ab initio electronic structure theory. We report optimized geometries, dipole moments, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of stationary points and adiabatic energy differences between them using basis sets as large as triple‐ζ plus double polarization with higher angular momentum functions, TZ(2df,2pd), and theoretical methods up to coupled‐cluster singles and doubles with a perturbative triples correction [CCSD(T)] and the equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster method (EOM‐CCSD). Our theoretical predictions should aid the interpretation of observat…

Angular momentumZeeman effectChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureQuantum chemistryPotential energyDipolesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundAcetylenePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Counterdiabatic vortex pump in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

2017

Topological phase imprinting is a well-established technique for deterministic vortex creation in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali metal atoms. It was recently shown that counter-diabatic quantum control may accelerate vortex creation in comparison to the standard adiabatic protocol and suppress the atom loss due to nonadiabatic transitions. Here we apply this technique, assisted by an optical plug, for vortex pumping to theoretically show that sequential phase imprinting up to 20 cycles generates a vortex with a very large winding number. Our method significantly increases the fidelity of the pump for rapid pumping compared to the case without the counter-diabatic control, leadin…

Angular momentumalkali metalsQuantum controlFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencestopological phase imprinting010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionlawQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsAdiabatic processPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesSpinorta114Winding numberBose-Einstein condensatesVortexNumerical integrationvortex pumpsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBose–Einstein condensatealkalimetallitPhysical Review A
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Ferromagnetic gyroscopes for tests of fundamental physics

2020

A ferromagnetic gyroscope (FG) is a ferromagnet whose angular momentum is dominated by electron spin polarization and that will precess under the action of an external torque, such as that due to a magnetic field. Here we model and analyze FG dynamics and sensitivity, focusing on practical schemes for experimental realization. In the case of a freely floating FG, we model the transition from dynamics dominated by libration in relatively high externally applied magnetic fields, to those dominated by precession at relatively low applied fields. Measurement of the libration frequency enables in situ measurement of the magnetic field and a technique to reduce the field below the threshold for w…

Angular momentumgyroscopePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Materials Science (miscellaneous)physics beyond the standard modelFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)01 natural sciences530Physics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesLibrationddc:530Electrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsLarmor precessionSuperconductivityPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMeissner effectFerromagnetism gyroscope physics beyond the standard model Meissner effectPhysics - Applied PhysicsferromagnetismAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldMeissner effectFerromagnetismPrecessionQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Local Berry curvature signatures in dichroic angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy from two-dimensional materials

2020

Orbital polarization and Berry curvature signatures are mapped out by circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission.

Angular momentumtopologyAb initioPhysics::OpticsPosition and momentum spaceAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyDichroic glass01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceQuantum mechanicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsResearch ArticlesPhysicsMultidisciplinaryPhysicsSciAdv r-articles021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyARPESCondensed Matter PhysicsDensity functional theoryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsBerry connection and curvatureMathematics::Differential Geometry0210 nano-technologyGround stateResearch Article
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Scope and Limitations of Baird's Theory on Triplet State Aromaticity: Application to the Tuning of Singlet–Triplet Energy Gaps in Fulvenes

2007

Utilizing Baird's theory on triplet state aromaticity, we show that the singlet-triplet energy gaps (DeltaE(ST)) of pentafulvenes are easily varied through substitution by as much as 36 kcal mol(-1). This exploits the fact that fulvenes act as aromatic chameleons in which the dipoles reverse on going from the singlet ground state (S(0)) to the lowest pipi* triplet state (T1); thus, their electron distributions are adapted so as to achieve some aromaticity in both states. The results are based on quantum chemical calculations with the OLYP density functional theory method and the CASPT2 ab initio method, as well as spectroscopic determination of DeltaE(ST) by triplet sensitization. The findi…

Aniline CompoundsMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryTemperatureAb initioAromaticityCyclopentanesGeneral ChemistryElectronAlkenesCarbon DioxideHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationHydrocarbons AromaticCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsChemical physicsComputational chemistryMicroscopy Electron ScanningDensity functional theorySinglet statePhysics::Chemical PhysicsTriplet stateFulveneChemistry - A European Journal
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Ring splitting of azetidin-2-ones via radical anions

2012

The radical anions of azetidin-2-ones, generated by UV-irradiation in the presence of triethylamine, undergo ring-splitting via N-C4 or C3-C4 bond breaking, leading to open-chain amides. This reactivity diverges from that found for the neutral excited states, which is characterised by alpha-cleavage. The preference for beta-cleavage is supported by DFT theoretical calculations on the energy barriers associated with the involved transition states. Thus, injection of one electron into the azetidin-2-one moiety constitutes a complementary activation strategy which may be exploited to produce new chemistry.

AnionsAZETIDINESFree RadicalsUltraviolet RaysElectronVINYL ETHERSRing (chemistry)PhotochemistryBiochemistryPolarizable continuum modelchemistry.chemical_compoundN-(ARYLIDENE(OR ALKYLIDENE)AMINO)-2-AZETIDINONESQUIMICA ORGANICAMoietyReactivity (chemistry)BETA-LACTAM RINGPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTriethylamineDNA PHOTOLYASEMolecular StructureSTEREOCONTROLLED SYNTHESISOrganic ChemistryTransition stateSTEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESISchemistryPOLARIZABLE CONTINUUM MODELExcited stateQuantum TheoryPHOTOCHEMICAL-REACTIONSBUILDING-BLOCKS
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NMR Spectroscopic Evidence for the Intermediacy of XeF3− in XeF2/F− Exchange, Attempted Syntheses and Thermochemistry of XeF3− Salts, and Theoretical…

2010

The existence of the trifluoroxenate(II) anion, XeF(3)(-), had been postulated in a prior NMR study of the exchange between fluoride ion and XeF(2) in CH(3)CN solution. The enthalpy of activation for this exchange, ΔH(⧧), has now been determined by use of single selective inversion (19)F NMR spectroscopy to be 74.1 ± 5.0 kJ mol(-1) (0.18 M) and 56.9 ± 6.7 kJ mol(-1) (0.36 M) for equimolar amounts of [N(CH(3))(4)][F] and XeF(2) in CH(3)CN solvent. Although the XeF(3)(-) anion has been observed in the gas phase, attempts to prepare the Cs(+) and N(CH(3))(4)(+) salts of XeF(3)(-) have been unsuccessful, and are attributed to the low fluoride ion affinity of XeF(2) and fluoride ion solvation in…

AnionsAcetonitrilesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyXenonChemistryInorganic chemistrySolvationNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyElectron localization functionIonInorganic ChemistryFluoridesCrystallographyMolecular geometryThermochemistryQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsSaltsDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLone pairInorganic Chemistry
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"Identification of mixed bromidochloridotellurate anions in disordered crystal structures of (bdmim)2[TeX2Y4] (X, Y = Br, Cl; bdmim = 1-butyl-2,3-dim…

2013

Abstract The discrete mixed [TeBrxCl6−x]2− anions in their disordered crystal structures have been identified by using the phases prepared by the reaction of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium halogenides (bdmim)X with tellurium tetrahalogenides TeX4 (X = Cl, Br) as examples. Homoleptic (bdmim)2[TeX6] [X = Cl (1), Br (2)] and mixed (bdmim)2[TeBr2Cl4] (3), and (bdmim)2[TeBr4Cl2] (4) are formed depending on the choice of the reagents, and their crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The coordination environments of tellurium in all hexahalogenidotellurates are almost octahedral. Because of the crystallographic disorder, the mixed [TeBr2Cl4]2− and [TeBr4Cl2]2…

AnionsBromidesModels MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureCrystallography X-RaySpectrum Analysis RamanAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundChloridesX-Ray DiffractionHomolepticInstrumentationta116SpectroscopyMolecular StructureChemistryImidazolesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCrystallographyOctahedronsymbolsTellurium tetrachlorideQuantum TheoryTelluriumRaman spectroscopyTelluriumPowder diffractionSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
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Island Homoaromaticity in the W-Shaped 2,4-Diphospha-3-arsapentadienide Anion and Related Compounds - Theoretical and Experimental Investigations

2012

A series of anions with general formula (R2C=P)2Pn– (Pn = N, P, As, Sb; R = H, Me, CF3, SiH3, SiMe3, SiF3) was investigated theoretically at the DFT (RI-BP86/TZVP) and RI-MP2/TZVP levels of approximation. Significantly sharpened central PPnP bond angles were predicted for the species with π-acceptor R substituents. The corresponding bond angle values decrease in the order Pn = N >> P > As > Sb. This finding is in agreement with the previously published structural data for [(Me3Si)2C=P]2P–. An island homoaromaticity was proposed as a suitable explanation for the observed effect. In more detail, it consists of shifting negative charge to the electron-withdrawing terminal groups with formation…

AnionsHomoaromaticity010405 organic chemistryChemistryCharge (physics)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesHomoaromaticity0104 chemical sciencesIonInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyDensity functional calculationsMolecular geometryComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMolecular orbitalsMoleculeMoietyMolecular orbitalAb initio calculations
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