Search results for "Quantum"

showing 10 items of 9714 documents

Magnetic fields in heavy ion collisions: flow and charge transport

2020

At the earliest times after a heavy-ion collision, the magnetic field created by the spectator nucleons will generate an extremely strong, albeit rapidly decreasing in time, magnetic field. The impact of this magnetic field may have detectable consequences, and is believed to drive anomalous transport effects like the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME). We detail an exploratory study on the effects of a dynamical magnetic field on the hydrodynamic medium created in the collisions of two ultrarelativistic heavy-ions, using the framework of numerical ideal MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) with the ECHO-QGP code. In this study, we consider a magnetic field captured in a conducting medium, where the conduc…

Computer Science::Machine LearningParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Nuclear Theoryheavy ion collisionsFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:Astrophysicsmagnetic fieldshiukkasfysiikkamagneettikentätComputer Science::Digital Libraries01 natural sciencesElectric charge530Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)Statistics::Machine LearningHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical scienceslcsh:QB460-466ddc:530lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Nuclear ExperimentPhysicsCharge conservation010308 nuclear & particles physicsElliptic flowCharge (physics)FermionMagnetic fieldDipoleHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyQuantum electrodynamicsComputer Science::Mathematical Softwarelcsh:QC770-798MagnetohydrodynamicsThe European Physical Journal C
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Thermodynamics of the Classical Planar Ferromagnet Close to the Zero-Temperature Critical Point: A Many-Body Approach

2012

We explore the low-temperature thermodynamic properties and crossovers of ad-dimensional classical planar Heisenberg ferromagnet in a longitudinal magnetic field close to its field-induced zero-temperature critical point by employing the two-time Green’s function formalism in classical statistical mechanics. By means of a classical Callen-like method for the magnetization and the Tyablikov-like decoupling procedure, we obtain, for anyd, a low-temperature critical scenario which is quite similar to the one found for the quantum counterpart. Remarkably, ford>2the discrimination between the two cases is found to be related to the different values of the shift exponent which governs the beha…

Computer Science::Machine LearningPhysicsArticle SubjectCondensed matter physicsThermodynamicsStatistical mechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsComputer Science::Digital Librarieslcsh:QC1-999Statistics::Machine LearningReduced propertiesCritical point (thermodynamics)Critical lineComputer Science::Mathematical SoftwareExponentCritical exponentQuantumlcsh:PhysicsPhase diagramAdvances in Condensed Matter Physics
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Categories, Quantum Computing, and Swarm Robotics: A Case Study

2022

The swarms of robots are examples of artificial collective intelligence, with simple individual autonomous behavior and emerging swarm effect to accomplish even complex tasks. Modeling approaches for robotic swarm development is one of the main challenges in this field of research. Here, we present a robot-instantiated theoretical framework and a quantitative worked-out example. Aiming to build up a general model, we first sketch a diagrammatic classification of swarms relating ideal swarms to existing implementations, inspired by category theory. Then, we propose a matrix representation to relate local and global behaviors in a swarm, with diagonal sub-matrices describing individual featur…

Computer Science::RoboticsSwarm roboticsswarm robotics; quantum computing; 4-qubit system; matrix representation; colimitGeneral MathematicsColimitQA1-939Computer Science (miscellaneous)4-qubit systemQuantum computingMatrix representationEngineering (miscellaneous)MathematicsMathematics
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Using Applications and Tools to Visualize ab initio Calculations Performed in VASP

2018

Visualization of the results of the ab initio calculations is important for the analysis of these results. It improves the quality of the analysis by supplementing the plain numbers received as the output of the calculations with various graphical images and facilitates the analysis of the results. In addition to that visualization helps avoiding some mistakes or inconsistencies. Various tools have been used in this work to construct the unit cell models of the calculated lattices, to check and analyze the calculated lattice structure before and after the relaxation, to plot total and difference electron charge density maps.

Computer scienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsRelaxation (approximation)Statistical physicsElectric chargePlot (graphics)Visualization
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Scalable Creation of Long-Lived Multipartite Entanglement.

2017

We demonstrate the deterministic generation of multipartite entanglement based on scalable methods. Four qubits are encoded in Ca+40, stored in a microstructured segmented Paul trap. These qubits are sequentially entangled by laser-driven pairwise gate operations. Between these, the qubit register is dynamically reconfigured via ion shuttling operations, where ion crystals are separated and merged, and ions are moved in and out of a fixed laser interaction zone. A sequence consisting of three pairwise entangling gates yields a four-ion Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state |ψ=(1/2)(|0000+|1111), and full quantum state tomography reveals a state fidelity of 94.4(3)%. We analyze the decoherence o…

Computer scienceCiencias Físicasmedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneral Physics and AstronomyFidelityFOS: Physical sciencesData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY02 engineering and technologySquashed entanglement01 natural sciencesMultipartite entanglement//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]Computer Science::Emerging TechnologiesQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesComputación Cuántica010306 general physicsmedia_commonQuantum PhysicsTheoryofComputation_GENERAL//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]Quantum Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIones FríosAstronomíaScalabilityIon trapW state0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASPhysical review letters
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The promise of spintronics for unconventional computing

2021

Novel computational paradigms may provide the blueprint to help solving the time and energy limitations that we face with our modern computers, and provide solutions to complex problems more efficiently (with reduced time, power consumption and/or less device footprint) than is currently possible with standard approaches. Spintronics offers a promising basis for the development of efficient devices and unconventional operations for at least three main reasons: (i) the low-power requirements of spin-based devices, i.e., requiring no standby power for operation and the possibility to write information with small dynamic energy dissipation, (ii) the strong nonlinearity, time nonlocality, and/o…

Computer scienceFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesQuantum nonlocalityAffordable and Clean EnergyBlueprintMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencescond-mat.mes-hallElectronic engineeringHardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURESStandby powerApplied Physics010302 applied physicsSpintronicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMechanical EngineeringReservoir computingPhysics - Applied PhysicsMaterials EngineeringPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)Dissipation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCMOS integrated circuits; Computation theory; Energy dissipation; Green computing; Spin fluctuations; Spintronics; Tunnel junctionsCMOS0210 nano-technologyUnconventional computingphysics.app-ph
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On Contextuality in Behavioral Data

2015

Dzhafarov, Zhang, and Kujala (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A 374, 20150099) reviewed several behavioral data sets imitating the formal design of the quantum-mechanical contextuality experiments. The conclusion was that none of these data sets exhibited contextuality if understood in the generalized sense proposed in Dzhafarov, Kujala, and Larsson (Found. Phys. 7, 762-782, 2015), while the traditional definition of contextuality does not apply to these data because they violate the condition of consistent connectedness (also known as marginal selectivity, no-signaling condition, no-disturbance principle, etc.). In this paper we clarify the relationship between (in)consistent connectedness and (non…

Computer scienceGeneral MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences050105 experimental psychology0103 physical sciences0501 psychology and cognitive sciencescontextuality010306 general physicsta515Cognitive scienceQuantum Physics05 social sciencesta111General Engineeringcyclic systemsArticlesKochen–Specker theorem81P13 81Q99 60A99 81P13 81Q99 60A99 81P13 81Q99 60A99Formal designFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognitionconsistent connectednessNeurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
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A random-walk benchmark for single-electron circuits

2021

Mesoscopic integrated circuits aim for precise control over elementary quantum systems. However, as fidelities improve, the increasingly rare errors and component crosstalk pose a challenge for validating error models and quantifying accuracy of circuit performance. Here we propose and implement a circuit-level benchmark that models fidelity as a random walk of an error syndrome, detected by an accumulating probe. Additionally, contributions of correlated noise, induced environmentally or by memory, are revealed as limits of achievable fidelity by statistical consistency analysis of the full distribution of error counts. Applying this methodology to a high-fidelity implementation of on-dema…

Computer scienceScienceFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyWord error rateQuantum metrology02 engineering and technologyIntegrated circuit01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)ArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.inventionComputer Science::Hardware ArchitecturelawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesElectronic devicesQuantum metrology010306 general physicsQuantumQuantum computerQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsQuantum dotsQGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRandom walkComputerSystemsOrganization_MISCELLANEOUSBenchmark (computing)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologyAlgorithmNature Communications
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Multimode entanglement in reconfigurable graph states using optical frequency combs

2017

Multimode entanglement is an essential resource for quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, multimode entangled states are generally constructed by targeting a specific graph configuration. This yields to a fixed experimental setup that therefore exhibits reduced versatility and scalability. Here we demonstrate an optical on-demand, reconfigurable multimode entangled state, using an intrinsically multimode quantum resource and a homodyne detection apparatus. Without altering either the initial squeezing source or experimental architecture, we realize the construction of thirteen cluster states of various sizes and connectivities as well as the implementation of a secr…

Computer scienceScienceGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyQuantum entanglementTopology01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHomodyne detection0103 physical sciencesQuantum metrology010306 general physicsQuantum[PHYS]Physics [physics]MultidisciplinaryMulti-mode optical fiberQTheoryofComputation_GENERALQuantum PhysicsGeneral ChemistryOne-way quantum computer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyScalabilityGraph (abstract data type)0210 nano-technologyNature Communications
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Concept and setup for intraoperative imaging of tumorous tissue via Attenuated Total Reflection spectrosocopy with Quantum Cascade Lasers

2015

A major challenge in tumor surgery is the differentiation between normal and malignant tissue. Since an incompletely resected tumor easily leads to recidivism, the gold standard is to remove malignant tissue with a sufficient safety margin and send it to pathology for examination with patho-histological techniques (rapid section diagnosis). This approach, however, exhibits several disadvantages: The removal of additional tissue (safety margin) means additional stress to the patient; the correct interpretation of proper tumor excision relies on the pathologist’s experience and the waiting time between resection and pathological result can be more than 45 minutes. This last aspect implies unn…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryHyperspectral imagingGold standard (test)Laserlaw.inventionOpticslawCascadeAttenuated total reflectionTumor surgerybusinessIntraoperative imagingQuantumEx vivoBiomedical engineeringSPIE Proceedings
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