Search results for "Quotation"

Reimbursement of radiotherapy in Germany.

2017

Reimbursement of radiotherapy in Germany is mainly based on a certain fixed fee for treatment planning and patient set up in addition to payment per fraction. This applies to outpatient care for patients with public health insurance or private health insurance. Payment per fraction has a considerable influence on reimbursement of inpatients as well. The advantage of payment per fraction is the simplicity and transparency. The disadvantage is an inadequate reimbursement for new treatment modalities like hypofractionation or stereotactic body radiotherapy.

An intensive midsummer night’s dream

2018

Associations between type of treatment and illness-specific locus of control in type 1 diabetes patients

1993

Abstract This study examined differences in diabetes-specific locus of control beliefs of 82 insulin-treated Type I diabetes patients undergoing either conventional therapy (CT), intensified conventional therapy (ICT) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Compared to CT with its adherence to a strict regimen, ICT and CSII allow a much greater flexibility in timing of meals and daily activities. On the other hand, such flexibility requires a much more active role of the patient. The hypotheses of higher internality and lower powerful others locus of control beliefs in ICT and CSII patients than in CT patients could be supported for powerful others locus of control only. A one-y…

Dreaming and the neurobiology of self: recent advances and implications for psychiatry

2013

Throughout most of the 20th century, dreaming was considered at the center of the leading psychotherapeutic approaches to mental disorders. Psychodynamic models of the mind stemmed from Sigmund Freud's Interpretation of Dreams, according to which knowledge of the unconscious foundations of most symptoms could be enhanced by an accurate evaluation of reported dreams. Toward the end of the century, these conceptualizations were challenged by a progressive shift of perspective in the direction of neurobiologically informed, mechanistic models of brain dysfunction. The diffusion of effective psychotropic medications developed to target specific symptoms across different disorders contributed to…

Preoperatory Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

2019

Anxiety is a feeling of discomfort produced in face of an unknown event, as an impending cardiac surgery, that can lead to inconveniences in the intervention and subsequent recovery. Being the purpose of this research to analyze pre-surgical anxiety, a descriptive cross-sectional study among patients undergoing cardiac surgery was carried out. Data about sociodemographic variables were collected and the level of anxiety prior to surgery was assessed using the STAI-S scale. Subsequently, descriptive data analyses were performed, relationships among variables were analyzed, and a binary logistic regression model was developed in order to analyze the role of the variables involved in the devel…

<title>Eye movements during silent and oral reading with stabilized versus free head movement and different eye-trackers</title>

2008

Eye movement research of reading has been done on a battery of eye-tracking setups during last decades. We compared reading data of the same group of six students, their eyes were tracked by a video-based helmet-mounted system with the data sampling frequency of 50 Hz and a setup with a chin-rest at 240 Hz. We found that not only the number of fixations may decrease after reading practice, but so does also the mean duration of fixations. In spite of the short duration of saccades, their distributions and changes in them are similarly reported in the two experimental conditions. Lack of significant correlation in the HED data testifies to the result variability due to measurement technique. …

Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity screening with a new iPad application

2016

We present a new iPad application (app) for a fast assessment of Visual Acuity (VA) and Contrast Sensitivity (CS) whose reliability and agreement was evaluated versus a commercial screening device (Optec 6500). The measurement of VA was programmed in the app in accordance with the Amblyopia Treatment Study protocol. The CS was measured with sinusoidal gratings of four different spatial frequencies: 3, 6, 12 and 18 cpd at the same contrast values of the Functional Acuity Contrast Test (FACT) included in the Optec 6500. Forty-five healthy subjects with monocular corrected visual acuities better than 0.2 logMAR participated in the agreement study. Bland-Altman analyses were performed to assess…

Impact of the pupil size – central optical zone diameter relationship on visual performance in aspheric multifocal contact lenses

2020

Abstract Purpose To determine the impact of different central optical zone diameters (COZDs), obtained from pupil size, on the visual performance of presbyopic subjects fitted with centre-distance simultaneous-image multifocal contact lenses (SIMCLs). Methods Thirty-two presbyopic volunteers, between 45–58 years of age, participated in this prospective, controlled, double-blind study. Subjects were fitted with 5 centre-distance SIMCLs of variable COZD, determined from the measurement of pupil size under photopic light conditions and corresponding to 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 % of pupil diameter. Subjects visual performance was evaluated through the measurement of distance, intermediate and nea…

Effect of Varying Levels of Glare on Contrast Sensitivity Measurements of Young Healthy Individuals Under Photopic and Mesopic Vision

2018

Contrast sensitivity (CS), the ability to detect small spatial changes of luminance, is a fundamental aspect of vision. However, while visual acuity is commonly measured in eye clinics, CS is often not assessed. At issue is that tests of CS are not highly standardized in the field and that, in many cases, optotypes used are not sensitive enough to measure graduations of performance and visual abilities within the normal range. Here, in order to develop more sensitive measures of CS, we examined how CS is affected by different combinations of glare and ambient lighting in young healthy participants. We found that low levels of glare have a relatively small impact on vision under both photopi…

Reading ability with 3 multifocal intraocular lens models.

2006

Purpose To prospectively evaluate reading performance with of 3 types of multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) under different lighting conditions based on reading acuity and reading speed tests. Setting Augenklinik, Bad Hersfeld, Germany. Methods This randomized study comprised 60 cataract patients (120 eyes) randomly assigned to receive an SA40N IOL (AMO) (Group 1, 20 patients), Tecnis ZM001 IOL (AMO) (Group 2, 20 patients), or AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 IOL (Alcon) (Group 3, 20 patients). Pupil size and reading ability at near (visual acuity, reading speed) without correction, with best distance correction, and with best near correction were assessed 6 weeks postoperatively under low-light con…