Search results for "R&D"
showing 10 items of 87 documents
Quantitatively characterizing drug-induced arrhythmic contractile motions of human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
2018
Quantification of abnormal contractile motions of cardiac tissue has been a noteworthy challenge and significant limitation in assessing and classifying the drug-induced arrhythmias (i.e. Torsades de pointes). To overcome these challenges, researchers have taken advantage of computational image processing tools to measure contractile motion from cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs). However, the amplitude and frequency analysis of contractile motion waveforms doesn't produce sufficient information to objectively classify the degree of variations between two or more sets of cardiac contractile motions. In this paper, we generated contractile motion dat…
Capital structure decisions in the biotechnology industry: the role of R&D collaborations with pharmaceutical incumbents
2011
This study focuses on the importance of collaborative R&D attitudes of biotech firms in the capital structure determination. Specifically, we investigate the short term impact of R&D agreements on financial leverage and we analyze whether this relationship depends on alliances’ features and the type and characteristics of the partners involved. Our results suggest that agreements with established pharmaceutical incumbents are followed by a reduction in the level of debt, while collaborations with biotech firms do not play a significant role, at least in the short term. However, different explanations are plausible. Our findings could be consistent with an “extension” of the pecking order th…
A lo importante, ya van ellos. Una propuesta contextual desde los nuevos materialismos para comprender por qué hay tan pocas mujeres en ciencias técn…
2022
[ES] Desde que Rossi publicara “Mujeres y ciencias, ¿por qué tan pocas?” (Science, 1965), parece que la situación en Occidente no ha cambiado. En el presente trabajo, la falta de mujeres en ciencia la situamos en las interrelaciones entre las elecciones individuales de carreras profesionales y los contextos socioeconómicos de los países occidentales. A partir de estadísticas (Unesco, Banco Mundial…) sobre personas egresadas, empleabilidad, salarios e inversión en I+D, reconstruimos exclusiones y resistencias y proponemos observar que, cuando las áreas científico-técnicas son un escenario socioeconómico de alta empleabilidad y excelentes salarios para personas cualificadas, ellos se desplaza…
School-to-Work Transition of Engineering graduates and PhDs in France: which consequences from a new tax credit for employers who hire young PhD grad…
2018
International audience; French governments have taken many initiatives towards strengthening the employability of PhD graduates in the private sector. The "Young Doctors Program" (DJD) was introduced in 1999 in order to encourage R&D employers to hire recent PhD graduates by atargeted measure of the Research Tax Credit. Since 2008, it has provided a substantial cost reduction if firms recruit recent PhD graduates. Our research seeks to address the positive impact of this program by examining the consequences such cost reduction have on the beginning of the careers of PhDs and graduates in engineering. Data from two national follow-up surveys conducted in 2007 and 2013 are analyzed to determ…
Farsighted R&D networks
2014
We analyze the formation of bilateral R&D collaborations in an oligopoly when each firm benefits from the research done by other firms it is connected to. In contrast to myopic stability, farsighted stability leads to R&D networks consisting of two minimally connected components, with the largest one comprising three-quarters of firms.
R&D subsidies & external collaborative breadth: Differential gains and the role of collaboration experience
2018
The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. External collaboration breadth is important for firms to acquire the knowledge needed to innovate. In this paper, we combine cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Spanish Panel of Technological Innovation Survey (PITEC) to examine the indirect impact of R&D subsidies on firm external collaboration breadth. We contribute to understanding of the indirect impacts of R&D subsidies by first providing strong evidence of an economically significant average positive impact of R&D subsidies on firm external collaboration breadth. Second, our results advance understanding of the differential impacts of R&D subsidie…
Une évaluation des effets du Dispositif Jeunes Docteurs sur l'accès aux emplois de R&D
2018
Référence interne IREDU : 18113En ligne sur https://www.strategie.gouv.fr/sites/strategie.gouv.fr/files/atoms/files/rapport_giret_et_al_djd_cir_version_octobre_2018.pdf; Le Dispositif Jeunes Docteurs initié dans le cadre du CIR en 1999 et renforcé en 2006 et 2008 a vocation à inciter au recrutement de jeunes docteurs dans le secteur privé. La réforme de 2008 devait notamment être particulièrement incitative pour leur recrutement, en prenant en compte pour leur double de leur montant, les dépenses de personnel liées à l’embauche d’un docteur, lorsqu’il s’agissait d’un premier CDI dans une activité de R&D ainsi qu’un taux forfaitaire de 200% au titre des frais de fonctionnement. Ce rapport ex…
Los inicios de carrera de los doctores : una fuerte diferenciación de las trayectorias profesionales
2017
International audience; Para los doctores titulados en 2010, la principal salida sigue siendo la investigación. En la investigación pública, sus trayectorias profesionales durante los cinco primeros años de vida activa son sinónimos de tránsitos más o menos largos por empleos de duración determinada. Estos itinerarios contrastan con los de los doctores que se orientan muy tempranamente hacia los empleos del sector privado.
Do general innovation policy tools fit all? Analysis of the regional impact of the Norwegian Skattefunn scheme
2017
Background: The paper examines the regional effects of a general innovation policy, i.e. a policy tool that does not target specific industries or subnational regions. General policy tools are an important part of the portfolio of innovation policy measures. However, there is a question over whether general tools are equally relevant for all types of firms, irrespective of their size, sector and location. Findings: The economic geography and innovation study literature, as well as the EU’s Smart Specialization approach, are based on the view that innovation policy tools must be adapted to specific regional conditions. General policy tools are insufficient unless they are adapted to individu…
Do universities matter for the location of foreign R&D?
2021
This article explores the extent to which the regional higher education system (HES) influences the location of foreign research and development (R&D). To do so, we use a dataset with information on the location choices of new foreign R&D establishments within Spain from 2005 to 2013. Similarly, we use a multiple measure of the three university missions, distinguishing between research capacity training, scientific research, and technology transfer. We find that the probability of a foreign R&D establishment being located in a region is positively affected by the strength of the region’s HES missions, and more specifically by the quality of its scientific research, while its re…