Search results for "RACE"

showing 10 items of 4458 documents

Reactive oxygen species mediate angiotensin II-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in vivo

2001

Abstract Chronically elevated angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced hypertension is partly mediated by superoxide production. In this study, we have investigated whether the leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions elicited by Ang-II involve reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Intravital microscopy within the rat mesenteric microvessels was used. Superfusion (60 min) with Ang-II (1 nM) induced significant increases in leukocyte rolling flux, adhesion, and emigration, which were inhibited by pretreatment with superoxide dismutase or catalase. Dihydrorhodamine-123 oxidation indicated that ROS are primarily produced by the vessel wall. Administration of dimethylthiourea, desferrioxamine, or N-a…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesEndotheliumSuperoxideImmunologyCell BiologyBiologyPharmacologyAngiotensin IIEndothelial stem cellSuperoxide dismutasechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistrychemistryExtracellularmedicinebiology.proteinImmunology and AllergyIntravital microscopyJournal of Leukocyte Biology
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Electrochemical sensor for evaluating oxidative stress in airway epithelial cells

2021

Cigarette smoke exposure induces oxidative stress within the airways. Increased oxidative burden contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic lung disorders and is associated with aging and chronic inflammation. Airway epithelial cells highly contribute to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation within injured and inflamed lung tissues. Among ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can be monitored in the extracellular space. Herein, we present an amperometric/voltammetric sensor based on gold nanoparticles and graphene oxide able to detect H2O2 with good sensitivity and selectivity. Using this sensor, H2O2 release was measured in conditioned medium from primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC), bron…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrySmokingelectrochemical sensorsInflammationhydrogen peroxideOxidative phosphorylationResveratrolmedicine.disease_causeCell biologyFlow cytometryEpithelial cellchemistry.chemical_compoundSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicatachemistrySettore ING-IND/17 - Impianti Industriali MeccaniciExtracellularMedicinemedicine.symptombusinessOxidative stressIntracellular
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Embryotoxicity studies of tri-n-butyltin(IV) complexes of 5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]-2-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2-[(E)-2-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1…

2005

The toxicity studies of free 5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyll-2-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2-[(E)-2-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-diazenyllbenzoic acid and their tri-n-butyltin(IV) complexes were evaluated by using sea urchin early developmental stages as recommended model organisms for toxicity tests. The novel complexes, as the parent tri-n-butyltin(IV) chloride (TBTCl), caused mitosis block and induced high embryonic mortality in sea urchin. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

chemistry.chemical_classificationSPECTRUMAzo compoundbiologyStereochemistryCarboxylic acidArylSMALL-SCALE ANISOTROPYGeneral ChemistryPhenolic acidbiology.organism_classificationParacentrotus lividusENERGY COSMIC-RAYSInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrybiology.animalSphaerechinus granularisSea urchinBenzoic acidApplied Organometallic Chemistry
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Plant-growth-regulating phosphono peptides

1990

Phosphono peptides exhibited plant‐growth‐regulating activity when tested on Lepidium sativum and Cucumis sativus. The studies have provided evidence that the mechanism of action of these compounds may involve the uptake of the phosphono peptides into the plant, intracellular hydrolysis of the peptide bond and release of the P‐terminal aminoalkylphosphonic acid. This acid or its metabolite is then probably responsible for the observed physiological effect.

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryMetabolitefood and beveragesPeptideBiological activityApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyLepidium sativumHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryMechanism of actionmedicinePeptide bondmedicine.symptomIntracellularPesticide Science
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A new dibenzofuran and other constituents from Ligularia caloxantha, a Chinese medicinal plant.

2008

A new dibenzofuran named 1,2,4-trimethyl-7,8-dimethoxy-dibenzofuran (1), together with seven known compounds, euparin (2), 2,5-diacetyl-6-hydroxy-benzofuran (3), 2-acetyl-5,6-dimethoxy-benzofuran (4), gummosogenin (5), lupeol (6), stigmasterol (7) and (E)-2,5-dihydroxy-cinnamic acid (8), were isolated from the roots of Ligularia caloxantha, a Chinese medicinal plant. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

chemistry.chemical_classificationStigmasterolMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryPlant ScienceLigularia caloxanthaAsteraceaeBiochemistryPlant RootsAnalytical ChemistryDibenzofuranchemistry.chemical_compoundTriterpeneOrganic chemistryBenzofuranLupeolBenzofuransDrugs Chinese HerbalNatural product research
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Regulatory activity of polyunsaturated fatty acids in T-cell signaling.

2009

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are considered to be authentic immunosuppressors and appear to exert beneficial effects with respect to certain immune-mediated diseases. In addition to promoting T-helper 1 (Th1) cell to T-helper 2 (Th2) cell effector T-cell differentiation, n-3 PUFA may also exert anti-inflammatory actions by inducing apoptosis in Th1 cells. With respect to mechanisms of action, effects range from the modulation of membrane receptors to gene transcription via perturbation of a number of second messenger cascades. In this review, the putative targets of anti-inflammatory n-3 PUFA, activated during early and late events of T-cell activation will be discussed. Studies h…

chemistry.chemical_classificationT-LymphocytesApoptosisCell BiologyT-Lymphocytes Helper-InducerBiologyBiochemistryArticleCell biologychemistryBiochemistrySecond messenger systemFatty Acids Unsaturatedlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Calcium SignalingSignal transductionProtein kinase AExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesLipid raftProtein kinase CProtein Kinase CPolyunsaturated fatty acidDiacylglycerol kinaseCalcium signalingSignal TransductionProgress in lipid research
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Stereoselective synthesis of unsaturated and functionalized L-NHBoc amino acids, using Wittig reaction under mild phase-transfer conditions.

2012

The stereoselective synthesis of a new amino acid phosphonium salt was described by quaternization of melting triphenylphosphine with the γ-iodo NHBoc-amino ester, derived from L-aspartic acid. The deprotection of the carboxylic acid function to afford the phosphonium salt with a free carboxylic acid group was achieved by a palladium-catalyzed desallylation reaction. This phosphonium salt was used in the Wittig reaction with aromatic or aliphatic aldehydes and trifluoroacetophenone, under solid-liquid phase-transfer conditions in chlorobenzene and in the presence of K(3)PO(4) as weak base, to afford the corresponding unsaturated amino acids without racemization. Thus, the reaction with subs…

chemistry.chemical_classificationTrifluoromethylDieneCarboxylic acidOrganic ChemistryMolecular ConformationPhosphonium saltStereoisomerismPhase TransitionAmino acidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryWittig reactionOrganic chemistryTriphenylphosphineAmino AcidsRacemizationThe Journal of organic chemistry
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Fluorous (Trimethylsilyl)ethanol:  A New Reagent for Carboxylic Acid Tagging and Protection in Peptide Synthesis

2006

Starting with a fluorous analogue of 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethanol, we have designed an easy method for preparing a new fluorous tag ((F)TMSE) for the protection of carboxylic acids. Because mild conditions are employed in the tag cleavage (TBAF in the presence of 4 A molecular sieves, which prevent racemization), this tag can be advantageously used in the synthesis of peptides and modified peptides, as we have demonstrated with several examples, including the fluorous synthesis of short alpha- and beta-peptides as well as of modified fluorinated retropeptides.

chemistry.chemical_classificationTrimethylsilyl CompoundsEthanolMolecular StructureTrimethylsilylChemistryCarboxylic acidOrganic ChemistryCarboxylic AcidsPeptideChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundReagentPeptide synthesisOrganic chemistryPeptidesRacemizationThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Pyrrolide-imine benzyl complexes of zirconium and hafnium: synthesis, structures, and efficient ethylene polymerization catalysis

2004

Abstract A series of pyrrolyl-imines HL1–6 was prepared by the condensation of pyrrole-2-carboxyaldehyde with different amines. The reaction of 2 equiv of pyrrolyl-imine with tetrabenzyl complexes of hafnium and zirconium M(CH2Ph)4 (M=Hf or Zr) gave dibenzyl complexes (L3–6)2M(CH2Ph)2, which were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and crystal structure analysis. NMR spectra of the complexes with secondary alkyl substituents at the imine nitrogen (isopropyl: 3a, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl: 4a and 4b) suggest that rapid racemization between Δ and Λ configurations occurs in solution on the NMR time scale. The complexes with pyrrolide-imine ligands with a tertiary alkyl group such as tert-butyl (5a …

chemistry.chemical_classificationZirconiumOrganic ChemistryImineCationic polymerizationMethylaluminoxanechemistry.chemical_elementNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyBiochemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRacemizationIsopropylAlkylJournal of Organometallic Chemistry
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Mannosyl transferases inSaccharomyces cerevisiae: Evidence for the occurrence of ectomannosyltransferase activity

1981

The subcellular distribution of mannosyltransferases inSaccharomyces cerevisiae was studied following the separation of the plasma membrane from other intracellular membranous systems. Most of the activity was linked to internal membranes, and the rest was located at the level of the plasma membrane. Yeast plasma membranes coated on their external face with concanavalin A when incubated with GDP-[U-14C]mannose incorporated 20% less [U-14C]mannose in glycoproteins and 110% more in glycolipids than plasma membranes alone. This suggested that part of the total mannosyltransferase activity of the plasma membrane is located on its outer surface. A significant incorporation of radioactive mannose…

chemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyChemistryMannoseGeneral MedicineMannosyltransferasesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundMembraneGlycolipidBiochemistryConcanavalin AMannosyltransferase activitybiology.proteinGlycoproteinIntracellularCurrent Microbiology
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