Search results for "RADIATION"

showing 10 items of 5298 documents

High-pressure structural transformations of PbCrO4 up to 51.2 GPa: An angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction study

2014

Abstract We report on high-pressure X-ray diffraction measurements up to 51.2 GPa in PbCrO 4 at room temperature. Three high-pressure phases with structures different than the ambient-pressure monazite-type ( P 2 1 / n ) are reported. One phase transition was found at 3.8 GPa to an isomorphic structure to monazite. A second transition occurs at 11.1 GPa. After this transition, the coexistence of tetragonal ( I 4 1 / a ) and monoclinic ( P 2 1 ) structures is detected up to 21.1 GPa. Beyond this pressure and up to 51.2 GPa, only the high-pressure monoclinic phase is observed. Upon decompression all structural changes are reversible. Finally, the axial compressibilities for the different phas…

DiffractionPhase transitionMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringSynchrotron radiationCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographyTetragonal crystal systemMechanics of MaterialsMonazitePhase (matter)X-ray crystallographyGeneral Materials ScienceMonoclinic crystal systemMaterials Research Bulletin
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Boson peak and hybridization of acoustic modes with vibrations of nanometric heterogeneities in glasses

2007

9 pages; International audience; The low-frequency dynamics in glasses is compared with that in icosahedral quasicrystals. For both arrangements of matter, the existence of nanometric heterogeneities, implying the existence of a nanometric inhomogeneous elastic network, is expected to play a crucial role. Thanks to this comparison, mostly based on inelastic x-ray (neutron) scattering data, it is proposed that the excess of vibrational density of states observed in both materials is due to the hybridization of longitudinal and transverse acoustic modes with modes localized around the heterogeneities.

DiffractionPhysicsCondensed matter physicsIcosahedral symmetryScatteringNeutron diffraction[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Quasicrystal02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiationElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Neutron010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyBoson
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Backward transition radiation in the extreme ultraviolet region as a tool for the transverse beam profile diagnostic

2014

The present article summarizes the results of two experiments which were performed to study the radiation properties of backward transition radiation (BTR) in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region. This wavelength region is of particular interest for transverse beam profile imaging, because the spatial resolution is improved as a result of the reduced contribution in the imaging process of the fundamental diffraction limit. In addition, the influence of coherent effects in the transition radiation emission process, which have been observed in the visible region, might be mitigated. The first experiment, dedicated to the investigation of the BTR angular characteristics, indicates that the rad…

DiffractionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryExtreme ultraviolet lithographySurfaces and InterfacesRadiationRadiation propertiesWavelengthOpticsTransition radiationExtreme ultravioletlcsh:QC770-798ddc:530lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitybusinessBeam (structure)Physical Review Special Topics. Accelerators and Beams
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Excitation of a one-dimensional evanescent wave by conical edge diffraction of surface plasmon

2011

International audience; The experimental observation of a one-dimensional evanescent wave supported by a 90◦ metal edge is reported. Through a measurement of in-plane momenta, we clearly demonstrate the dimensional character of this surface wave and show that it is non-radiative in the superstrate. Excitation conditions, lateral extension and polarization properties of this wave are discussed. Finally, we explore the effect of the surrounding dielectric medium and demonstrate that a single edge can sustain distinct excitations.

DiffractionPhysicsTotal internal reflectionbusiness.industrySurface plasmon02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiationSurface plasmon polaritonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsSurface wave0103 physical sciences[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsSurface plasmon resonance[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Observation of optical Smith-Purcell radiation at an electron beam energy of 855 MeV.

2002

Smith-Purcell radiation, generated when a beam of charged particles passes close to the surface of a diffraction grating, has been studied in the visible spectral range at wavelengths of 360 and 546 nm with the low emittance 855 MeV electron beam of the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The beam focused to a spot size of $4 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ (full width at half maximum) passed over optical diffraction gratings of echelle profiles with blaze angles of $0.8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 17.27\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{},$ and $41.12\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ and grating periods of 0.833 and $9.09 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}.$ Taking advantage of the specific emission chara…

DiffractionPhysicsbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSynchrotron radiationGratingUndulatorlaw.inventionOpticsTransition radiationlawBlazed gratingPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Intensity (heat transfer)Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Asymmetric transmission of transverse magnetic or radially polarized THZ waves through sub-wavelength gratings

2015

We have developed a metallic double circular grating with sub-wavelength slits which blocks radially polarized light incident from one of its sides and acts as a focusing diffractive element in the other direction. The proposed grating has been optimized for the sub-THz frequency range. Unidirectional transmission through the grating has been demonstrated experimentally at 0.1 THz. We have also developed a planar metallic double grating with sub-wavelength slits which blocks light with a transverse magnetic polarization incident from one of the grating sides and transmits radiation incident from the opposite direction into the +1 and −1 diffraction orders. These gratings which could be used…

DiffractionPhysicsbusiness.industryTerahertz radiationPhysics::OpticsElectromagnetically induced gratingGratingPolarization (waves)Diffraction efficiencylaw.inventionUltrasonic gratingOpticslawBlazed gratingOptoelectronicsbusiness2015 17th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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3D printed diffractive terahertz lenses

2016

[EN] A 3D printer was used to realize custom-made diffractive THz lenses. After testing several materials, phase binary lenses with periodic and aperiodic radial profiles were designed and constructed in polyamide material to work at 0.625 THz. The nonconventional focusing properties of such lenses were assessed by computing and measuring their axial point spread function (PSF). Our results demonstrate that inexpensive 3D printed THz diffractive lenses can be reliably used in focusing and imaging THz systems. Diffractive THz lenses with unprecedented features, such as extended depth of focus or bifocalization, have been demonstrated.

DiffractionPoint spread function3d printedMaterials scienceTerahertz radiationPhase (waves)Diffractive lensesBinary optics02 engineering and technologyDiffraction efficiency01 natural sciences010309 opticsDiffractive lensOpticsImage quality assessment0103 physical sciencesDiffractive opticsExtended depth of focusbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTerahertz imagingFISICA APLICADAOptical fabrication0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Photoemission from Pt(111)-(hex)-Rb and Pt(111)-(4×1)-RbO using polarised synchrotron radiation

2001

Abstract In various experiments it has been demonstrated that the circular dichroism in the angular distribution of photoelectrons (CDAD) is not only observed from oriented initial states (aligned adsorbed molecules or magnetised samples), but also arises as a consequence of the scattering of photoelectrons from the surrounding atoms in a solid or an adsorbate. In this work we will show first measurements performed at the SGM beamline of the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source (LNLS) on a (4×1) superstructure of 1 ML RbO adsorbed on Pt(111). Measurements from the 4s core levels of Rb adsorbed at Pt(111) were also performed at the PM-III beamline at BESSY. The measured variations of the inten…

DiffractionRadiationScatteringChemistrySynchrotron radiationSynchrotron light sourcePhotoelectric effectPhoton energyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBeamlinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsSuperstructure (condensed matter)SpectroscopyJournal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena
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Synthesis of single crystalline sub-micron rutile TiO2 rods using hydrothermal treatment in acidic media

2014

Size engineered rutile sub-micron rods were obtained from nanostructured titania under acidic conditions. The synthesis was performed by hydrothermal treatment starting from TiO2-P25 and HCl. The synthesis proceeds in less than two hours and can be up-scaled to several grams in a one-pot reaction by increasing the reaction time. The product is single-phase, and the particles are single crystalline as confirmed by electron diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The length of the particles can be varied over a wide range from 100 nm to 1.3 μm by changing the acid concentration. Particle growth is proposed to proceed by a dissolution-recrystallization process via soluble [TiCl6]2− …

DiffractionRange (particle radiation)Materials scienceAcid concentrationHydrothermal treatmentGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsRodCrystallographyElectron diffractionChemical engineeringRutileParticle growthGeneral Materials ScienceCrystEngComm
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STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF COBALT FERRITE PARTICLES PRODUCED BY METHOD OF PYROLYTIC SYNTHESIS

2008

ABSTRACT Magnetic fine particles of cobalt ferrite have been prepared by method of pyrolytic synthesis. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of single-phase cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in the range 6–50 nm. The size of the particles varies depending on matrix dispersity and mass content in the organic precursors. A large coercivity observed to be small for smaller single-domain particles due to superparamagnetic behavior.

DiffractionRange (particle radiation)Materials scienceBeta ferriteDispersityCoercivityCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic anisotropyNuclear magnetic resonanceChemical engineeringControl and Systems EngineeringMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPyrolytic carbonElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSuperparamagnetismIntegrated Ferroelectrics
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