Search results for "RADIATION"

Heterogeneous Oxygenation of Rectal Carcinomas in Humans: A Critical Parameter for Preoperative Irradiation?

1984

The surgical treatment of rectal carcinoma in humans is often combined with irradiation. However, the efficacy of this latter treatment modality is crucially influenced by the oxygenation status of the tumor tissue to be treated. Therefore, the knowledge of the O2 supply to the tumor tissue is a decisive prerequisite for the assessment of the efficiency of radiotherapy.

Highlights and essentials from the first "experts-live" course of the EuroCTO club

2010

Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are frequently encountered during diagnostic coronary catheterisation. However, there is still confusion regarding the indication for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in this lesion subset, mainly because it is cumbersome and the prognostic impact of revascularisation in these patients remains unclear. Many studies have now shown the long term clinical benefits after CTO PCI1-3; still, with procedural complexity, high radiation exposure to both the patient and the operator, high costs and lower procedural success rates, most patients with CTO are managed medically or referred for bypass graft surgery – regardless of the severity of symptoms and extent…

Imaging Approach for Evaluation of Focal Liver Lesions

2009

Focal liver lesions are common in the general population. Radiology (imaging) plays a pivotal role for the diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and follow-up of focal liver lesions. To maximize lesion detection and characterization, imaging needs to be performed with appropriate equipment by using protocols carefully designed on the basis of the underlying clinical context. In addition, the decision of an imaging modality cannot be based on the diagnostic accuracy of an imaging test solely but must also consider patient safety and cost-effectiveness.

2021

Abstract Background Standard therapy for localised, resectable high risk soft tissue sarcomas consists of wide excision and radiotherapy over several weeks. This treatment schedule is hardly feasible in geriatric and frail patients. In order not to withhold radiotherapy from these patients, hypofractionated radiotherapy with 25 Gy in 5 fractions was evaluated in a geriatric patient population. Patients and methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 18 geriatric patients with resectable high risk soft tissue sarcomas of extremities and thoracic wall. Wound healing and short term oncologic outcome were analysed. In addition, dose constraints for radiotherapy of the extremities were tra…

Chronische thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie: Diagnostische Wertigkeit von Mehrschicht-CT und selektiver Pulmonalis-DSA

2002

Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic impact of multislice-CT and selective pulmonary DSA in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods 994 vessel segments of 14 consecutive patients with CTEPH were investigated with multislice-CT (slice thickness 3 mm, collimation 2.5 mm, reconstruction intervall 2 mm) and selective pulmonary DSA (posterior-anterior, 45 degrees oblique, and lateral projection. Analysis was performed by 2 investigators independently for CT and DSA. Diagnostic criteria were occlusions and non-occlusive changes like webs and bands, irregularities of the vessel wall, diameter reduction and thromboembolic depositions at different levels from central pulmonary a…

PO-58 - Cardiovascular risk profile in survivors of adult cancer - results from the general population study.

2016

The advancements in cancer treatment and detection of early cancer have resulted in steady increase of adult cancer survivors over the years. However, due to the long term toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is increasing in survivors. Identifying risk factors and interventions to reduce the excess burden of CVD in this vulnerable population is urgently needed.To investigate the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), inflammation and coagulation profile in cancer survivors from a large population-based study.Presence of CVRFs and laboratory markers have been compared in individuals with (n=1,359) and without (n=13,626) history of canc…

Response-based chemotherapy and involved field radiation for intermediate stage Hodgkin disease. A GISL/NHLSG trial.

2006

Abstract Background. Most of the patients with advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma can be cured with a standard course of six cycle of ABVD chemotherapy plus involved field (IF)radiotherapy. Patients with less advanced stage or with a more responsive disease could possibly achieve a cure with a shorter course of chemotherapy. In 1992, in the pre-PET era, the GISL addressed the issue of the proper number of chemotherapy cycles planning a response-oriented, ABVD-based study for intermediate-stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients. Patients and Methods. From January 1992 to December 2002, 218 patients younger than 70 were enrolled. Eligible patients had histologically confirmed and clinically staged Hod…

Can Early Postoperative O-(2-18FFluoroethyl)-l-Tyrosine Positron Emission Tomography After Resection of Glioblastoma Predict the Location of Later Tu…

2019

Objective Glioblastoma inevitably recurs despite aggressive therapy. Therefore, it would be helpful to predict the location of tumor recurrence from postoperative imaging to customize further treatment. O-(2-18Ffluoroethyl)- l -tyrosine (FET) positron emission tomography (PET) might be a helpful technique, because tumor tissue can be differentiated from normal brain tissue with high specificity. Methods Thirty-two consecutive patients with perioperative and follow-up imaging data available were included. On postoperative FET-PET, the tumor/normal brain (TTB) ratio around the resection cavity borders was measured. Increased TTB ratios were recorded and anatomically correlated with the site o…

Rektumkarzinom: Behandeln wir zu häufig neoadjuvant? Vorschläge zu einer selektiveren, MRT-basierten Indikation

2006

The present-day optimised surgery (concept of total mesorectal excision) with quality assurance by standardized pathologic examination, advances in radiotherapy and the possibilities of high-spatial-resolution MR imaging require reconsideration of pros and contras of neoadjuvant therapy and respective data. According to the resulting new proposal neoadjuvant long-course radiochemotherapy is indicated for patients with 1) fixed questionably R0 resectable tumors, 2) mobile tumors with the MRT finding of tumor involving the mesorectal fascia or 1 mm or less from it, 3) low rectal tumors extending below the levator origin and invading beyond the muscularis propria. If a high risk of local recur…

Source strength determination in iridium-192 and cobalt-60 brachytherapy : A European survey on the level of agreement between clinical measurements …

2021

Background and purpose: Brachytherapy treatment outcomes depend on the accuracy of the delivered dose distribution, which is proportional to the reference air-kerma rate (RAKR). Current societal recommendations require the medical physicist to compare the measured RAKR values to the manufacturer source calibration certificate. The purpose of this work was to report agreement observed in current clinical practice in the European Union. Materials and methods: A European survey was performed for high- and pulsed-dose-rate (HDR and PDR) highenergy sources (Ir-192 and Co-60), to quantify observed RAKR differences. Medical physicists at eighteen hospitals from eight European countries were contac…