Search results for "RARE"

showing 10 items of 2778 documents

Conifer Needles as Thermoplastic Composite Fillers: Structure and Properties

2016

This study describes the properties of thermoplastic polymer composites based on polyethylene (of low and high density) and ethylene-propylene copolymers using various types of conifer needles (pine, spruce, fir, and cedar) as fillers. For the needles, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and TGA/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA/FTIR) were performed to investigate their structures and thermal resistance, as required for the composite processing methods. Moreover, structural differences were studied for the analyzed fillers and composite materials (FTIR). The results were compared with the values obtained for composites with conifer wood flour. Composites with conifer needles (pine) …

0106 biological sciencesThermogravimetric analysisEnvironmental EngineeringMaterials scienceAbsorption of waterThermal resistancelcsh:BiotechnologyComposite numberBioengineeringConifer needlesMechanical properties02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesStructure propertieschemistry.chemical_compound010608 biotechnologylcsh:TP248.13-248.65Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyComposite materialAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Waste Management and DisposalThermoplastic matricesBiocompositesfungifood and beveragesWood flourPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistry0210 nano-technologyBioResources
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Global patterns and drivers of alpine plant species richness

2021

B.J.-A. was funded by the Marie Curie Clarín-COFUND program of the Principality of Asturias-EU (ACB17-26) and the Spanish Research Agency (AEI/10.13039/501100011033).

0106 biological sciencesbiodiversity hotspot010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAlpine plantglobal pattern[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversitybiogeographical history010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesplant species richnessTemperate climateglobal patternsAlpine vegetation; biodiversity hotspots; biogeographical history; global patterns; multiscale analysis; plant species richnessEcosystemEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsbiodiversity hotspots0105 earth and related environmental sciences[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentGlobal and Planetary ChangeEcologyEcologymultiscale analysimultiscale analysisVegetation15. Life on landBiodiversity hotspotTaxonGeographyRarefaction (ecology)Species richnessAlpine vegetation[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGlobal Ecology and Biogeography
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Can the problem of hybridization in threatened species be evaluated using a fieldwork research? A case study in snapdragons

2019

Abstract Hybridization, natural or artificial, is considered disadvantageous for species biodiversity when it threatens the population integrity of endangered species. Frequently, studies investigating whether hybridization poses a legitimate risk to rare species are based on genetic data obtained in molecular biology laboratories. In this study, we used field research to approach the problem that hybridization could cause for the viability of a population of a rare species and to be able to propose the most appropriate initial conservation strategy. Specifically, using the model genus Antirrhinum, the reproductive barriers between the rare A. pulverulentum and its common congener A. litigi…

0106 biological scienceseducation.field_of_studyEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyPopulationRare speciesEndangered speciesBiodiversityReproductive isolationBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGene flowEvolutionary biologyThreatened specieseducationNature and Landscape ConservationHybridJournal for Nature Conservation
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Spatial pattern of the threatened epiphytic bryophyte Neckera pennata at two scales in a fragmented boreal forest

1999

The spatial pattern and occurrence of a threatened bryophyte, Neckera pennata, were studied in relation to the abundance and pattern of suitable substrate trees at two spatial scales: I) in a 4 x 4 km fraction of fragmented, mostly managed southern boreal forest landscape, and 2) in an old-growth forest stand within this landscape, with abundant occurrence of suitable habitats. To explore in detail the spatial clustering of N. pennata at the forest stand scale, we applied a second order point process analysis based on the Ripley's K-function for binary point patterns. Neckera pennata proved to be a rare species in the studied landscape: it was found only on 31 Populus tremula trees. At the …

0106 biological scienceseducation.field_of_studyEcologyPopulationRare speciesEndangered species15. Life on landBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesHabitatAbundance (ecology)Threatened speciesSpatial ecologyBryophyteeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics010606 plant biology & botanyEcography
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Spectroscopic analysis of hot-water- and dilute-acid-extracted hardwood and softwood chips

2017

Hot-water and dilute sulfuric acid pretreatments were performed prior to chemical pulping for silver/white birch (Betula pendula/B. pubescens) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) chips to determine if varying pretreatment conditions on the original wood material were detectable via attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy. Pretreatment conditions varied with respect to temperature (130 °C and 150 °C) and treatment time (from 30 min to 120 min). The effects of the pretreatments on the composition of wood chips were determined by ATR infrared spectroscopy. The spectral data were compared to those determined by common wood chemistry analyses to evaluate the suitability of ATR spe…

0106 biological scienceshydrolyysiHot TemperatureSoftwoodkemiadilute acidinfrapunatekniikka02 engineering and technologyesikäsittelychemistrycomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesATR spectroscopyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysismassanvalmistus010608 biotechnologySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredHardwoodLigninOrganic chemistrySample preparationBiomassCelluloseCelluloseautohydrolysisInstrumentationChemical compositionta116SpectroscopyHydrolysistechnology industry and agricultureSulfuric acidSulfuric Acidspretreatment021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyinfrared technologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsRefuse Disposalchemistryliuotus0210 nano-technologyAcidspuu (luonnonmateriaalit)Nuclear chemistrywoodSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
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On the Occurrence of Metadiaptomus chevreuxi (Calanoida, Diaptomidae, Paradiaptominae) in the Iberian Peninsula, With Notes on the Ecology and Distri…

2020

Temporary ponds are one of the most peculiar ecosystems in the world, being characterized by an extraordinarily rich crustacean fauna, with a high degree of endemism. Among them, diaptomid copepods are among the most biogeographically interesting taxa. However, the present knowledge on diaptomid distribution is still far from being exhaustive, even in the relatively well-studied western European countries. In this study, we report the first record of the diaptomid calanoid copepod Metadiaptomus chevreuxi for the Iberian Peninsula, where it was collected in five temporary ponds in Andalusia (Spain). The characteristics of the new sites are described, the literature dealing with the European …

0106 biological scienceslcsh:Hydraulic engineering<i>Metadiaptomus chevreuxi</i>FaunaGeography Planning and DevelopmentRare speciespond conservationSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaAquatic Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesBiochemistrylcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposeslcsh:TC1-978DiaptomidaeZones humides Protecciótemporary pondsEndemismCalanoidaAndalusiaWater Science and TechnologyDiaptomidaelcsh:TD201-500biologyEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyBiotabiology.organism_classificationBiodiversitatPhylogeographyMetadiaptomus chevreuxiGeographyTaxonMediterranean wetlandsWater
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Grazing and soil pH are biodiversity drivers of vascular plants and bryophytes in boreal wood-pastures

2016

Abstract Wood-pastures have been formed by traditional low-intensity livestock grazing in wooded areas. They host high biodiversity values that are now threatened by both management abandonment (ceased grazing) and agricultural intensification, and therefore these habitats are of conservation interest in Europe. In order to explore the effects of grazing on the biodiversity of boreal wood-pastures, we studied the communities of vascular plants and bryophytes in 24 currently grazed and 24 abandoned sites. In addition to the current management situation, we studied the effects of soil pH and moisture, tree density, historical land-use intensity, time since abandonment (in abandoned sites) and…

0106 biological sciencessemi-naturalEcologyEcologyRare speciesBiodiversityforest pasturespasture-woodlandsilvopastoral systems010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesabandonmentHabitatwooded pasturesSoil pHThreatened speciesGrazingEnvironmental scienceta1181Animal Science and ZoologySpecies richnesstraditional rural biotopesAgronomy and Crop ScienceConservation grazing010606 plant biology & botanyAgriculture, Ecosystems and Environment
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The Reproductive Strategy as an Important Trait for the Distribution of Lower-Trunk Epiphytic Lichens in Old-Growth vs. Non-Old Growth Forests

2021

(1) Research Highlights: The work studied the beta diversity patterns of epiphytic lichens as a function of their reproductive strategies in old-growth and non-old growth forests from the Mediterranean area. (2) Background and Objectives: The reproductive strategies of lichens can drive the dispersal and distribution of species assemblages in forest ecosystems. To further investigate this issue, we analyzed data on epiphytic lichen diversity collected from old-growth and non-old growth forest sites (36 plots) located in Cilento National Park (South Italy). Our working hypothesis was that the dispersal abilities due to the different reproductive strategies drove species beta diversity depend…

0106 biological sciencessexual reproductionGamma diversityRare speciesBeta diversityforest managementvegetative propagulesBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCommon speciesForest ecologyfunctional traitsgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryEcologyForestrylcsh:QK900-989Beta diversity; Forest management; Functional traits; Sexual reproduction; Vegetative propagulesOld-growth forestlcsh:Plant ecologyBiological dispersalNestednessbeta diversityhuman activities010606 plant biology & botanyForests
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Modelling IR Spectra of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (SPEEK) Membranes for Fuel Cells

2020

Authors acknowledge support from LSC project No 2014/666 ERDF and students ( ) support from project 2DP/2.1.1.1.0/14/APIA/VIAA/009.

020209 energyMechanical EngineeringProton Conducting MembranesInfrared spectroscopySulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energyATR-IR spectraPolyether ether ketonechemistry.chemical_compoundMembranechemistryMechanics of MaterialsPolymer chemistry:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Theoretical IR spectra0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFuel cellsGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyKey Engineering Materials
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Using infrared thermography in order to compare laser and hybrid (laser plus MIG) welding processes

2009

International audience; In order to deepen the understanding of the differences between laser and laser-arc hybrid welding, comparisons were undertaken using thermography. The experiments were carried out for a T assembly of aluminium alloy plates. Modelling, based on the finite element method approach, was realized using IR temperature measurements and seam geometry. For a value of the power supply, depicted as a surface source in the hybrid case, agreement was found between simulated and measured temperatures. The arc power supply efficiency value is similar to the usually used value.

0209 industrial biotechnologyMaterials science02 engineering and technologyWelding7. Clean energyTemperature measurementlaw.inventionGas metal arc welding020901 industrial engineering & automationOptics0203 mechanical engineeringlawAluminium alloyElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness.industryLaser beam welding[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFinite element methodElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials020303 mechanical engineering & transportsvisual_artThermal modelling[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryThermographyvisual_art.visual_art_mediumInfrared thermographyLaser weldingbusiness
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