Search results for "RATES"

Influence of substrate oxidation on the reward system, no role of dietary fibre.

2011

International audience; It has been suggested that a high intake of dietary fibre helps regulate energy intake and satiety. The present study aimed to examine whether dietary fibre influenced the liking and wanting components of the food reward system, the metabolic state or subsequent intake. Five sessions involving 32 normal-weight subjects (16 men and 16 women, 30.6 ± 7.6 year) were held. The sessions differed in the composition of the bread eaten during breakfasts (dietary fibre content varied from 2.4 to 12.8 g/100 g). Several factors such as the palatability, weight, volume, energy content and macronutrient composition of the breakfasts were adjusted. Energy expenditure, the respirato…

Are the Recommended Dietary Allowances for Vitamins Appropriate for Elderly People?

2015

Background: An adequate vitamin intake is essential for a good nutritional status, especially in older women, who are more sensitive to nutritional deficiencies. The American, European and Italian Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) derive mainly from studies on adults, and it is not clear whether they also apply to elderly people. Comparing the RDAs with the actual vitamin intake of a group of healthy older women could help to clarify the real needs of elderly people. Objective: Our aim was to compare the American, European, and Italian RDAs with the actual vitamin intake of a group of healthy older women. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Participants: The study included 286 hea…

Induction of digoxin-like material production, and the digoxin binding in the unicellular organism Tetrahymena by digitoxin.

1998

Thin layer chromatographic, and laser-confocal microscopic analyses with a monoclonal antibody to digoxin also displaying high affinity to digoxigenin, were used to determine the presence and localization of cardioactive glycosides. Tetrahymena pyriformis was found to possess digitoxigenin-like material, but digoxin, digitoxin, digoxigenin, gitoxin and lanatoside C were not detected. Digitoxin treatment elicited the appearance of a digoxin-like material in the progeny generations. Digoxin was taken up by untreated Tetrahymena, especially strongly 24 h after digitoxin treatment. While the cardenolide was localized in vesicles of the cell body in untreated Tetrahymena, the engulfed digoxin ap…

Digoxin and digitoxin elimination in man by charcoal hemoperfusion

1978

Since there is no widely used causal means of reducing the severity of massive digitalis intoxication the capability of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal to remove toxicologically relevant amounts of digoxin and digitoxin was evaluated in vitro and in man. At a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min the digoxin clearance by hemoperfusion in vitro was 51±8 ml/min in comparison to 24.3±11.3 ml/min by hemodialysis. The average hemoperfusion clearance of digitoxin was 31.7±13.4 ml/min, whereas almost no digitoxin was removed by hemodialysis. These clearance values point to the ability of hemoperfusion of eliminating digitalis glycosides from the blood. They do not clarify the essential questi…

Dip Pen Lithography of oligonucleotides on flexible substrates for point-of-care malaria disease testing

2015

The first step for prevention and treatment of diseases is the accurate diagnosis. However, proper diagnostic technologies are not available in developing countries due to the lack of reliable electrical power, refrigeration and trained personnel. For this reason, there is an urgent need of low cost, rapid assays not requiring any external support. By coupling such technologies to communication infrastructures, healthcare in areas without access to medical personnel would be possible. “Paper” like substrates are ideal for fabricating such devices since they are cheap, easy to degradate after use and compatible with most of existing printing technologies [1]. We had previously shown the poss…

Natural Organic Compounds in Soil Solution: Potential Role as Soil Quality Indicators

2013

This review focuses on the chemical nature of that fraction of already dissolved organic matter into soil solution, or extracted by mild extractants, which is truly readily available for microbial activity and, consequently, more sensitive than total soil organic matter to changes in management and/or environmental conditions. In particular, we deal with low molecular weight compounds such as monosaccharides, amino sugars and amino acids. Soil sampling strategy and extraction procedure, prior to analyses, are crucial to make comparable results among laboratories. Although soil management and climatic conditions may cause large variability, extractable organic C and N may indicate the amount…

Topic 5: Parallel and Distributed Data Management

2013

Nowadays we are facing an exponential growth of new data that is overwhelming the capabilities of companies, institutions and the society in general to manage and use it in a proper way. Ever-increasing investments in Big Data, cutting edge technologies and the latest advances in both application development and underlying storage systems can help dealing with data of such magnitude. Especially parallel and distributed approaches will enable new data management solutions that operate effectively at large scale.

Parasite community diversity in two Mediterranean labrid fishes Symphodus tinea and Labrus merula

1994

Examination of 111 peacock wrasse [Symphodus tinea (L.)] and 97 brown wrasse (Labrus merula L.) from the Valencian coast (Spain) yielded 24 metazoan parasite species (11 Digenea, three Cestoda, four Nematoda. one Acanlhocephala, five Crustacea). Eighteen species were from 5. tinea and 17 from L. merula; 11 of the 24 species were common to both hosts. Brillouin's diversity index, was applied to fully censused parasite infracommunities. This is the first time that all the metazoan parasites (internal and external) in any position in the host have been analysed for diversity. High values of prevalence, intensity, and diversity parameters indicate that these labrid fishes support diverse parasi…

Unraveling the interaction between doxorubicin and DNA origami nanostructures for customizable chemotherapeutic drug release

2021

We thank Dr H. Häkkänen for technical assistance and S. Julin for the 24HB DNA origami design. We acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University Bioeconomy Facilities and OtaNano – Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC). The research was carried out under the Academy of Finland Centres of Excellence Programme (2014–2019). Academy of Finland [308578 to M.A.K.]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Emmy Noether Programme to A.H.-J., SFB1032 (Project A06) to T.L.]; Emil Aaltonen Foundation [to H.I. and V.L.]; Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation [to J.A.I. and V.L.]; Sigrid Jusélius Foundation [to V.L.]; Vilho, Yrjö and Kalle Väisälä Foundation of the Finnish Academy of Sc…

2021

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) is a common drug in cancer chemotherapy, and its high DNA-binding affinity can be harnessed in preparing DOX-loaded DNA nanostructures for targeted delivery and therapeutics. Although DOX has been widely studied, the existing literature of DOX-loaded DNA-carriers remains limited and incoherent. Here, based on an in-depth spectroscopic analysis, we characterize and optimize the DOX loading into different 2D and 3D scaffolded DNA origami nanostructures (DONs). In our experimental conditions, all DONs show similar DOX binding capacities (one DOX molecule per two to three base pairs), and the binding equilibrium is reached within seconds, remarkably faster than previou…