Search results for "RATS"

showing 10 items of 3537 documents

Evaluation of anti-androgenic activity of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

2005

International audience; DEHP is a widely used platiciser in the manufacture of PVC-based materials. It is known to disrupt the reproductive tract development in male rats. We have performed the Hershberger assay with DEHP on an immature castrated rat model to check if DEHP antagonise the testosterone propionate androgenic effect on the accessory sex organs development. DEHP significantly decreased the BC/LA muscles, the prostate, and the seminal vesicles relative weights from 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. DEHP increased the liver relative weight from 100 mg/kg bw/day. A study was also performed on MDA-MB453 cell line stably transfected with pMMTVneo-Luc with DEHP and its maj…

Testosterone propionateMalemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemMDA-MB453 TRANSFECTED CELL LINEmedicine.drug_classMetabolitePhthalic AcidsMONO-(2-ETHYLHEXYL1)PHTHALATE010501 environmental sciencesGenitalia MaleToxicologyAntiandrogen01 natural sciences03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundProstatePlasticizersInternal medicineCell Line TumorDiethylhexyl PhthalatemedicineAnimalsRats WistarLuciferases030304 developmental biology0105 earth and related environmental sciences0303 health sciencesDose-Response Relationship DrugPhthalateMONO-(2-ETHYL-5-HYDROXYLHEXYL)PHTHALATEBiological activityAndrogen AntagonistsDihydrotestosteroneDrug SynergismOrgan SizeMETABOLITES MONO-(2-ETHYL-5-OXOHEXYL1)PHTHALATEIn vitroRatsTestosterone PropionateEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryLiverCell culture[SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ToxicologyHERSHBERGER ASSAYDI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL1)PHTHALATEOrchiectomy
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Characteristics of haloethylene-induced acetonemia in rats.

1980

A series of halogenated ethylenes (vinyl chloride, vinylidene fluoride,cis- andtrans-1,2-dichloroethylene, perchloroethylene) induces increased acetone exhalation in rats. Exposures of differently pre-treated rats to vinylidene fluoride suggest that a metabolite of the haloethylene must be envolved in eliciting this formation of acetone. This conclusion is based on (a) dependence of acetone exhalation on the concentration of vinylidene fluoride, (b) effect of inducing agents, (c) effect of pyrazol, a metabolic inhibitor, (d) effect of cysteine, (e) effect of hypoxia and (f) the time course of acetone exhalation.

TetrachloroethyleneVinyl CompoundsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisMetabolitePharmacology toxicologyVinyl ChlorideExhalationGeneral MedicineFluorineToxicologyMedicinal chemistryVinyl chlorideDichloroethylenesRatsAcetonechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTime courseAcetoneOrganic chemistryAnimalsFluorideCysteineArchives of toxicology
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LAAE-14, a new in vitro inhibitor of intracellular calcium mobilization, modulates acute and chronic inflammation.

2003

Abstract A new lipidic acid-amido ether derivative (LAAE-14) able to reduce dose-dependently the calcium increases mediated either by calcium ionophore ionomycin, by the endoplasmic reticular Ca 2+ -ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin, or by the chemotactic tripeptide N -formyl- l -methionyl- l -leucyl- l -phenylalanine (fMLP), in human neutrophils as well as in murine peritoneal macrophages, but not ATP, has been evaluated as a potential anti-inflammatory drug. This compound attenuated leukocyte activation by means of its inhibitory effect on the respiratory burst elicited in both types of cells by 12- O -tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, by inhibition of the degranulation process induced by cyt…

ThapsigarginNeutrophilschemistry.chemical_elementCalciumPharmacologyCarrageenanBiochemistryLeukotriene B4Calcium in biologyDinoprostonechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceCell MovementAnimalsEdemaHumansCytochalasin BNitritesPharmacologyInflammationPlatelet-activating factorPancreatic ElastaseTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaZymosanArthritis ExperimentalRatsDisease Models AnimalchemistryBiochemistryIonomycinAcute DiseaseChronic DiseaseLuminescent MeasurementsPhorbolMacrophages PeritonealTumor necrosis factor alphaCalciumBiochemical pharmacology
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Carbon Nano-onions: Potassium Intercalation and Reductive Covalent Functionalization

2021

Herein we report the synthesis of covalently functionalized carbon nano-onions (CNOs) via a reductive approach using unprecedented alkali-metal CNO intercalation compounds. For the first time, an in situ Raman study of the controlled intercalation process with potassium has been carried out revealing a Fano resonance in highly doped CNOs. The intercalation was further confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the experimental results have been rationalized with DFT calculations. Covalently functionalized CNO derivatives were synthesized by using phenyl iodide and n-hexyl iodide as electrophiles in model nucleophilic substitution reactions. The functiona…

Thermogravimetric analysisIodideIntercalation (chemistry)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBiochemistryArticleCatalysissymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistryNucleophilic substitutionchemistry.chemical_classificationElectron energy loss spectroscopytechnology industry and agricultureGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEspectroscòpia Raman0104 chemical scienceschemistryCovalent bondsymbolsSurface modificationMaterials nanoestructurats0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Characterization of Hydrophilic Gold(I) N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes as Potent TrxR Inhibitors Using Biochemical and Mass Spectrometric App…

2017

We report here on the synthesis of a series of mono-and dinuclear gold(I) complexes exhibiting sulfonated bis(NHC) ligands and novel hydroxylated mono(NHC) Au(I) compounds, which were also examined for their 'biological activities. Initial cell viability assays show strong antiproliferative activities of the hydroxylated mono(NHC) gold compounds (8 > 9 > 10) against 2008 human ovarian cancer cells even after 1 h incubation. In order to gain insight into the mechanism of biological action of the gold compounds, their effect on the pivotal cellular target seleno-enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), involved in the maintenance of intracellular redox balance, was investigated in depth. Th…

Thioredoxin Reductase 1AuranofinSilverStereochemistryThioredoxin reductaseThioredoxin Reductase 2WATER-SOLUBLE RUTHENIUM(II)Antineoplastic Agents010402 general chemistryG-quadruplexLigandsIN-VITRO CYTOTOXICITYLIGANDS SYNTHESIS01 natural sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug StabilityThioredoxin Reductase 1Coordination ComplexesTHIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE INHIBITIONCell Line TumormedicineOrganogold CompoundsAnimalsHumansCRYSTAL-STRUCTURESPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCANCER CELLSBIOLOGICAL-PROPERTIES010405 organic chemistryChemistryMOLECULAR-MECHANISMSDNA0104 chemical sciencesRatsG-QuadruplexesGlutathione ReductaseSolubilityBiological targetCancer cellPLATINUM ANTICANCER DRUGSMETAL-COMPLEXESGoldReactive Oxygen SpeciesCarbeneHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsOrganogold Compoundsmedicine.drugInorganic Chemistry
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Ciprofibrate stimulates protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of an 85 kDa protein in rat Fao hepatic derived cells

2000

The effect of ciprofibrate on early events of signal transduction was previously studied in Fao cells. Protein kinase C (PKC) assays performed on permeabilized cells showed a more than two-fold increase in PKC activity in cells treated for 24 h with 500 microM ciprofibrate. To show the subsequent effect of this increase on protein phosphorylation, the in vitro phosphorylation on particulate fractions obtained from Fao cells was studied. Among several modifications, the phosphorylation of protein(s) with an apparent molecular mass of 85 kDa was investigated. This modification appeared in the first 24 h of treatment with 500 microM ciprofibrate. It was shown to occur on Ser/Thr residue(s). It…

ThreonineBiochemistryCell LineSubstrate SpecificityMAP2K7Clofibric AcidSerinemedicineAnimalsProtein phosphorylationPhosphorylationProtein Kinase CProtein kinase CbiologyKinaseCyclin-dependent kinase 2Fibric AcidsGeneral MedicinePhosphoproteinsMolecular biologyRatsMolecular WeightLiverBiochemistrybiology.proteinPhosphorylationPeroxisome ProliferatorsCiprofibrateSignal transductionmedicine.drugBiochimie
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Glucosylation of Rho proteins by Clostridium difficile toxin B.

1995

TOXIN A and B, the major virulence factors of Clostridium difficile, are the causative agents of antibiotic-associated pseudomembran-ous colitis. In cultured cell lines their potent cytotoxicity results from their ability to induce disaggregation of the microfilament cytoskeleton1,2. Toxin B acts on the low-molecular-mass GTPase Rho A3,4, which is involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. We report here that toxin B catalyses the incorporation of up to one mole of glucose per mole of RhoA at the amino acid thre-onine at position 37. The modification was identified and localized by tandem electrospray mass spectrometry. UDP-glucose selectively serves as cosubstrate for the monogl…

ThreonineRHOAGlycosylationBacterial ToxinsMolecular Sequence DataClostridium difficile toxin AClostridium difficile toxin Bmacromolecular substancesmedicine.disease_causeMicrofilamentCatalysisMass SpectrometryGTP PhosphohydrolasesBacterial ProteinsGTP-Binding ProteinsmedicineTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceCytoskeletonActinCells CulturedCytoskeletonMultidisciplinarybiologyToxinClostridioides difficileActin cytoskeletonActinsRecombinant ProteinsRatsGlucoseMarsupialiaBiochemistryGlucosyltransferasesbiology.proteinrhoA GTP-Binding ProteinNature
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Trichinella spiralisThymidylate Synthase: Developmental Pattern, Isolation, Molecular Properties, and Inhibition by Substrate and Cofactor Analogues

1996

Abstract Thymidylate synthase specific activity was found to remain at a constant level in crude extracts from muscle larvae, isolated (1-15 months after infection) by pepsin-HCl digestion, as well as from adult worms ofTrichinella spiralis.The enzyme was purified and its molecular (monomer mol. wt 35 kD) and kinetic (sequential mechanism with the Kmvalues 3.1 and 19 μM for dUMP and N5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, respectively) properties determined. 5-Fluoro-dUMP was a competitive, slow-binding inhibitor of the parasite enzyme. N5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate analogues 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (CB3717), ZD1694, BW1843U89, and AG337 were weaker inhibitors of the parasite than regener…

Thymidine kinase activityBiophysicsThiophenesBiologyBiochemistryThymidylate synthaseChromatography AffinityGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicCofactorStructure-Activity RelationshipFolic AcidNon-competitive inhibitionFluorodeoxyuridylateAnimalsHumansEnzyme InhibitorsMolecular BiologyTrichinella spiralischemistry.chemical_classificationATP synthaseMusclesGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalSubstrate (chemistry)Thymidylate SynthaseCell BiologyMolecular biologyLiver RegenerationRatsKineticsEnzymeLiverchemistryBiochemistryLarvaQuinazolinesbiology.proteinSpecific activityBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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Cultured Ito cells of rat liver express the alpha 2-macroglobulin gene.

1987

Ito cells were isolated from rat liver and kept in culture for up to 13 days. The capability of the Ito cells to synthesize a2-macroglobulin was analyzed at different times after isolation and by pulse-chase experiments. Newly synthesized a2-macroglobulin was determined by immunoprecipitation followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/ polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. a2-Macroglobulin synthesis was hardly detectable in Ito cells and their media 3 days after plating. However, 5 - 11 days after the isolation of the cells, increasing amounts of a2-macroglobulin were synthesized. The results of pulse-chase experiments performed on day 7 showed that radioactively labeled a2-macroglob…

Time FactorsBiologydigestive systemBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundfluids and secretionsAnimalsalpha-MacroglobulinsNorthern blotRNA MessengerSodium dodecyl sulfatePancreatic elastasePolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisCells CulturedImmunoassayDNALipid MetabolismMolecular biologyMacroglobulinRatsSecretory proteinPerisinusoidal spaceBiochemistrychemistryGene Expression RegulationLiverHepatic stellate cellElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelFemalecirculatory and respiratory physiologyEuropean journal of biochemistry
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Differential vesicular targeting and time course of synaptic secretion of the mammalian neurotrophins.

2005

Neurotrophins are a family of secreted neuronal survival and plasticity factors comprising NGF, BDNF, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and NT-4. Whereas synaptic secretion of BDNF has been described, the routes of intracellular targeting and secretion of NGF, NT-3, and NT-4 in neurons are poorly understood.To allow for a direct comparison of intracellular targeting and release properties, all four mammalian neurotrophins were expressed as green fluorescent protein fusion proteins in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. We show that BDNF and NT-3 are targeted more efficiently to dendritic secretory granules of the regulated pathway of secretion (BDNF, in 98% of cells; NT-3, 85%) than NGF (46%) and NT-4 (…

Time FactorsDevelopment/Plasticity/RepairBiologyHippocampal formationHippocampusPC12 CellsPostsynaptic potentialChlorocebus aethiopsAnimalsHumansSecretionNerve Growth FactorsCells CulturedGeneral NeuroscienceConstitutive secretory pathwaySynapsinFusion proteinCell biologyRatsnervous systemCOS CellsSynapsesbiology.proteinSynaptic VesiclesIntracellularNeurotrophinThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
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