Search results for "READING"

University Students with Reading Difficulties: Do Perceived Supports and Comorbid Difficulties Predict Well-Being and GPA?

2015

We examined the impact of the number of comorbid difficulties, social support, and community support on life satisfaction and academic achievement among 120 university students or recent graduates with self-reported reading difficulties. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing perceived social support, perceived community support, the number of comorbid difficulties in addition to reading difficulty, life satisfaction, and academic achievement (grade point average). Results supported a main effect model in which the number of comorbid difficulties and social, but not community, support predicted life satisfaction. Social and community support did not moderate the relationship betwe…

Quality of School Life in the Finnish Comprehensive School: a comparative view

1996

Abstract The article attempts to answer the questions of how Finnish students experience the quality of school life as a whole and how students’ well‐being and social interaction in the Finnish comprehensive school compare with some other countries on the basis of extensive international comparative data. First, the concept ‘quality of school life’ and the self‐assessment instrument are described. Second, the validity of the instrument is explored. Next, the results of the assessment are first discussed from the national and then from the international perspective, comparing the data collected as a sub‐survey of the IEA Study of Reading Literacy in March 1991. The Finnish school is contrast…

Accelerating decoding-related skills in poor readers learning a foreign language: a computer-based intervention

2013

The results of Fast ForWord® training on English decoding-related skills were examined. Finnish fifth-grade students were identified as having reading fluency problems and poor skills in English as a foreign language learned at school and were randomly assigned to either a training group (TRG) or a control group. The TRG (n = 13) received 50 min of daily computer program-based training for a period of approximately 10 weeks. Students in the first control group (n = 11) received the school’s regular instructional programme. A second control group was composed of 14 average readers. The students’ English skills were examined in pre-test, post-test and follow-up measurements. The TRG students …

Reading ahead: Adult music students’ eye movements in temporally controlled performances of a children’s song

2014

In the present study, education majors minoring in music education ( n = 24) and music performance majors ( n =14) read and performed the original version and melodically altered versions of a simple melody in a given tempo. Eye movements during music reading and piano performances were recorded. Errorless trials were analyzed to explore the adjustments of visual processing in successful performances. The temporal length of the eye–hand span (time between gaze and the performed note) was typically around one second or less. A measure of gaze activity indicated that performers generally inspected two quarter-note areas between two metrical beat onsets. The performance majors operated with s…

2018

A music reader has to “look ahead” from the notes currently being played—this has usually been called the Eye-Hand Span. Given the restrictions on processing time due to tempo and meter, the Early Attraction Hypothesis suggests that sight readers are likely to locally increase the span of looking ahead in the face of complex upcoming symbols (or symbol relationships). We argue that such stimulus-driven effects on looking ahead are best studied using a measure of Eye-Time Span (ETS) which redefines looking ahead as the metrical distance between the position of a fixation in the score and another position that corresponds to the point of metrical time at fixation onset. In two experiments of…

The inattentive on-screen reading: Reading medium affects attention and reading comprehension under time pressure

2021

This study explored the influence of reading media and reading time-frame on readers' on-task attention, metacognitive calibration, and reading comprehension. One hundred and forty undergraduates were allocated to one of four experimental conditions varying on the reading medium (in print vs. on screen) and on the reading time-frame (free vs. pressured time). Readers' mindwandering while reading, prediction of performance on a comprehension test, and their text comprehension were measured. In-print readers, but not on-screen readers, mindwandered less on the pressured than in the free time condition, indicating higher task adaptation in print. Accordingly, on-screen readers in the pressured…

Miradas letradas, letras ad-miradas. Una conversación con el mundo social

2019

El presente texto plantea una aproximación al concepto de miradas le- tradas en contextos educativos utilizando como recurso expresivo la metáfora de la conversación. Las miradas letradas quedan caracterizadas como estrategias que bus- can reconfigurar nuevas formas de leer, conocer y expresar la realidad social.Tras esta caracterización, la discusión se centra en la necesidad de generar nuevos entor- nos de aprendizaje mediante espacios le- trados, que estimulen y sean favorables a la lectura y a la escritura. La conclusión sostiene que estos entornos requieren la transformación de las instituciones edu- cativas y culturales en lugares diferentes a los que hasta ahora resultaban hab…

Новый ЛЕФ и киновещь

2019

Abstract In the 1920s, the LEF project moved the discussion about the role of “things in film” – as metonymic and metaphoric, photogenic and functional, and as tools that filled gaps in the narrative, stood in for actors, or operated as generic markers – in a distinctly materialist direction. Sergei Eisenstein and Dziga Vertov were sharply criticized for turning things into symbols in their films. To avoid this aesthetic dispute, Tret’iakov advocated production scripts based on the dominance of material things over plot. Eisenstein, in his unfinished text ‘Play of Objects' (‘Ob igre predmetov’), offers another understanding of things in film. A film-thing (kinoveshch’), in his reading, is f…

Cloning of Clostridium difficile toxin B gene and demonstration of high N-terminal homology between toxin A and B.

1990

High titered Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin antiserum, cross-reactive with C. difficile cytotoxin B (ToxB), was used to isolate toxB fragments from a C. difficile expression library. Recombinant clones containing toxB fragments of the 5' and 3' end were isolate. A 2.5-kb HincII fragment of chromosomal DNA overlaps both groups of clones. A partial restriction map of the total toxB gene is presented. The gene is positioned upstream of utxA and toxA, toxB has a size of 6.9 kb, corresponding to a 250-kDa polypeptide. A partial sequence of the 5' end of toxB was determined. The sequence contains 398 bp upstream of toxB with a putative Shine-Dalgarno box (AGGAGA) and 609 bp of the toxB open r…

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFERENTIAL PROCESSING AND TEXT PROCESSING: A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY

2012

The research reported here was designed to investigate the critical role played by certain factors implicated in the mental representation of text, and to establish whether their role varies significantly as a function of developmental age. Specifically, it was decided to analyse, in a sample of 180 subjects was selected from three different age groups (7, 10 and 18 years of age respectively), the role of such factors in mediating and influencing the generation of the inferences needed to understand a piece of text characterised by a sequence of information which flows in a logical order, but leads to a conclusion which is contrary to the expectations evoked by the text. In line with this o…