Search results for "RELAXATION"

showing 10 items of 1162 documents

How preconditioning and pretensioning of grafts used in ACLigaments surgical reconstruction are influenced by their mechanical time-dependent charact…

2021

Abstract Purpose Consensus about a pre-implant preparation protocol adaptable to any graft used in Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction is still lacking. In fact, there is not agreement on reliable metrics that consider both specific graft dimensional characteristics, such as its diameter, and the inherent properties of its constitutive material, i.e. ligaments or tendons. Aim of the present study was to investigate and propose the applied engineering stress as a possible metrics. Methods Preconditioning and pretensioning protocol involved groups of grafts with different section (10 or 32 mm2) and materials (i.e. human patellar and hamstring tendons, and synthetic grafts). A 140 N load…

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstructionKnee JointComputer scienceAnterior cruciate ligamentmedicine.medical_treatmentBiophysicsPreconditioningStress (mechanics)TendonsGraft03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePretensioningStress relaxationmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineAnterior cruciate ligament; Graft; Preconditioning; Pretensioning; Stress relaxationStress relaxationAnterior Cruciate LigamentTendon030222 orthopedicsAnterior Cruciate Ligament ReconstructionAnterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesAnterior Cruciate Ligament InjurieStiffness030229 sport sciencesPatellaBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureKnee laxityEngineering stressHamstring Tendonsmedicine.symptomBiomedical engineeringHuman
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Correlation spectroscopy in molten and supercooled antimony trichloride.

1990

Correlation spectroscopy measurements performed on molten and supercooled antimony trichloride with the homodyne technique show correlation functions that have a nonexponential behavior. Two well-defined distributions of correlation times can be observed in different temporal regions. This behavior is discussed in terms of a structural relaxation of clusters dynamically formed by intermolecular and interchain bonds. The Arrhenius plot of these correlation times shows a linear behavior with the same activation energy for both. In contrast, the activation energy of shear viscosity has a different value, showing that the processes determining the temperature behavior of \ensuremath{\tau} and $…

Antimony trichloridePhysicsCondensed matter physicsIntermolecular forceRelaxation (NMR)ThermodynamicsActivation energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsArrhenius plotchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCorrelation functionSupercoolingEnergy (signal processing)Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
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Fractional-order poromechanics for a fully saturated biological tissue: Biomechanics of meniscus

2023

Biomechanics of biological fibrous tissues as the meniscus are strongly influenced by past histories of strains involving the so-called material hereditariness. In this paper, a three-axial model of linear hereditariness that makes use of fractional-order calculus is used to describe the constitutive behavior of the tissue. Fluid flow across meniscus' pores is modeled in this paper with Darcy relation yielding a novel model of fractional-order poromechanics, describing the evolution of the diffusion phenomenon in the meniscus. A numerical application involving an 1D confined compression test is reported to show the effect of the material hereditariness on the pressure drop evolution.

Applied MathematicsPoromechanicMODELSfractional-order hereditarinessBiomedical EngineeringporomechanicsRELAXATIONfractional calculusCALCULUSDIFFUSIONpore pressureComputational Theory and MathematicsmeniscusModeling and SimulationHEREDITARINESSmeniscuSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniMolecular BiologyLAWSoftware
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Dielectric Behavior of Aqueous Solutions of α,β-Poly(aspartyl hydrazide) and α,β-Poly(N-hydroxyethyl aspartamide): An Investigation of the Structural…

1994

The dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of α,β-poly(aspartyl hydrazide) (PAHy) and of α,β-poly( N-hydroxyethyl aspartamide) (PHEA) were measured at 25 ° C in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 15 GHz using a time domain reflection method (TDR). Single time relaxation processes were found at 2 GHz and 15 GHz, respectively. The low frequency dispersion was inter preted in terms of the dynamics of polymeric segments based on the dielectric relaxation strength and the relaxation time. The high frequency process which is attributed to the rotational relaxation of water, indicated that water mole cules surrounding the polymeric backbone and in the pure state have a similar rotational behav…

Aqueous solutionPolymers and PlasticsRelaxation strength0206 medical engineeringRelaxation (NMR)Analytical chemistryBioengineering02 engineering and technologyDielectricLow frequency021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHydrazide020601 biomedical engineeringBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyReflection (mathematics)chemistryMaterials Chemistry0210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers
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Coligand Effects on the Field-Induced Double Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Six-Coordinate Cobalt(II) Single-Ion Magnets (SIMs) with Positive Magnetic A…

2019

Two mononuclear cobalt(II) compounds of formula [Co(dmphen)2(OOCPh)]ClO4·1/2H2O·1/2CH3OH (1) and [Co(dmbipy)2(OOCPh)]ClO4 (2) (dmphen = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, dmbipy = 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine and HOOCPh = benzoic acid) are prepared and magnetostructurally investigated. Each cobalt(II) ion is six-coordinate with a distorted octahedral CoN4O2 environment. The complex cations are interlinked leading to supramolecular chains (1) and pairs (2) that grow along the crystallographic c-axis with racemic mixtures of (Δ,Λ)-Co units. FIRMS allowed us to directly measure the zero-field splitting between the two lowest Kramers doublets, which led to axial anisotropy values of 58.3 cm-1 ≤…

Arrhenius equation010405 organic chemistryRelaxation (NMR)chemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesIonInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeCrystallographyBipyridinechemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetic anisotropychemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopyAnisotropyCobaltInorganic chemistry
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Role of vitreous matrix on the optical activity of Ge-doped silica

2003

Abstract We report an experimental study on the relationship between the optical activity of Ge-oxygen deficient centers and dynamic properties and conformational heterogeneity of vitreous matrix in silica. We focus our attention on the absorption band at ∼5.2 eV (B 2β ) and on the two related emissions at ∼4.2 eV (α E ) and at ∼3.1 eV (β). From the temperature dependence of B 2β band we estimate a mean energy value of 26 meV for local vibrational modes coupled to the electronic transition, suggesting that the chromophore and its surrounding have access to low frequency dynamics. From the thermal behavior of the two emissions we distinguish the two competitive relaxation processes from the …

Arrhenius equationChemistryRelaxation (NMR)General ChemistryActivation energyChromophoreCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsMolecular electronic transitionsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonanceAbsorption bandExcited statesymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceTriplet stateJournal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
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Reorientations and translations in a fragile glass-former: magnetic resonance studies of meta-fluoroaniline

1999

Abstract The rotational dynamics in supercooled liquid and glassy meta-fluoroaniline was studied using proton and fluorine spin-lattice relaxation times. It is shown that while proton relaxation is dominated by homonuclear relaxation, for fluorine heteronuclear relaxation prevails. The results could be well described using a distribution of correlation times. The mean correlation times show pronounced deviations from the simple Arrhenius law. In addition translational self-diffusion coefficients were measured for T>200 K using a static magnetic field gradient technique.

Arrhenius equationCondensed matter physicsProtonChemistryOrganic ChemistrySpin–lattice relaxationMagnetostaticsHomonuclear moleculeAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistrySpin–spin relaxationsymbols.namesakeHeteronuclear moleculesymbolsRelaxation (physics)SpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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Competitive relaxation processes of oxygen deficient centers in silica

2003

Physical review / B 67, 033202 (2003). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.67.033202

Arrhenius equationMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceQuenching (fluorescence)Oxygen deficientRelaxation (NMR)530symbols.namesakeAmplitudeExcited statesymbolsddc:530Atomic physicsLuminescencePhysical Review B
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Intersystem crossing in Fe(II) coordination compounds

1994

Fe(II) spin-crossover systems can be quantitatively converted from the low-spin (LS) to the high-spin (HS) state well below the thermal transition temperature by irradiating either into the metal-ligand charge transfer or d-d absorption bands, and even in low-spin systems a transient population of the HS state can be achieved. This fact can be made use of to determine HS → LS relaxation rate constants for a wide variety of Fe(II) spin-crossover and low-spin systems. The HS → LS relaxation shows strong deviations from an Arrhenius behaviour, with nearly temperature-independent tunnelling below ∼70 K and a thermally activated process above ∼100 K. The range of more than 12 orders of magnitude…

Arrhenius equationNuclear and High Energy Physicseducation.field_of_studyChemistryPopulationCondensed Matter PhysicsInternal conversion (chemistry)PhotochemistryMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVibronic couplingsymbols.namesakeIntersystem crossingReaction rate constantsymbolsRelaxation (physics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationQuantum tunnellingHyperfine Interactions
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Space-charge relaxation in perovskites.

1994

We report a dielectric anomaly in several perovskites at intermediate frequencies 10\ensuremath{\le}f\ensuremath{\le}${10}^{7}$ Hz in the temperature range 400 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C \ensuremath{\le}T\ensuremath{\le}800 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. We have found this dielectric maximum in more than 100 samples of various shapes and textures. This anomaly is shown to arise from a Debye dielectric dispersion that slows down following an Arrhenius law. We have established a link between this dielectric relaxation and the conductivity. We propose that it can be achieved through a space-charge model that quantitatively agrees with the experimental results in the lower temp…

Arrhenius equationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeCondensed matter physicssymbolsRelaxation (physics)DielectricAtmospheric temperature rangeAnomaly (physics)ConductivitySpace chargeDebyePhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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