Search results for "RESISTANCE"

showing 10 items of 3641 documents

Bacterial contamination of inanimate surfaces and equipment in the intensive care unit.

2015

Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections are a challenging health problem worldwide, especially when caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. In ICUs, inanimate surfaces and equipment (e.g., bedrails, stethoscopes, medical charts, ultrasound machine) may be contaminated by bacteria, including MDR isolates. Cross-transmission of microorganisms from inanimate surfaces may have a significant role for ICU-acquired colonization and infections. Contamination may result from healthcare workers' hands or by direct patient shedding of bacteria which are able to survive up to several months on dry surfaces. A higher environmental contamination has been reported around infected patients tha…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyCritically illbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectPatient contactEquipment contaminationSettore MED/41 - AnestesiologiaReviewContaminationMultidrug resistanceCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineIntensive care unitlaw.inventionBacterial contamination; Equipment contamination; ICU; Multidrug resistancelawHygieneICUmedicineEquipment ContaminationMED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAIntensive care medicinebusinessBacterial contaminationmedia_common
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Repeated prevalence studies on antibiotic use in Latvia, 2003-2007.

2009

Antibiotic resistance and nosocomial infections have recently been recognised as a growing threat in Latvian hospitals. We used a modified point prevalence study design to gain accurate information on the antibiotic prescription pattern and the prevalence of nosocomial infections in different hospital departments. A given department was observed on a given day in a given month (May) five years in a row. All antibiotic treatments, dose and route of administration were recorded, in addition to demographic data. The most commonly used antibiotic groups were first generation cephalosporins (35.6-38.9%), broad-spectrum penicillins (17.5-23.0%), fluoroquinolones (8.4-14.5%) and aminoglycosides (7…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologymedicine.drug_classAntibioticsCefazolinPrevalenceDisease OutbreaksPharmacotherapyAntibiotic resistanceDrug Utilization ReviewVirologyEpidemiologymedicinePrevalenceHumansMedical prescriptionAntibacterial agentbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthBacterial InfectionsLatviaDrug UtilizationAnti-Bacterial AgentsPrescriptionsbusinessmedicine.drug
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Latent class identification in wheezing preschool children

2016

Background and aim Since the forced oscillation technique (FOT) has not been used in previous studies on wheezing phenotyping in preschool children, we applied FOT in a large series of outpatients visited at IBIM. Methods We analyzed 256 consecutively enrolled ≤5 years children with doctor diagnosis of wheezing. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was performed considering the following personal characteristics: type, cause, recurrence in last 12 months, respiratory resistance (Avr_R(8)), atopy, history of eczema, rhinitis and upper airways infections. High resistance is defined as positive residual of regression on sex, age, height and weight. Risk factors were considered meaningful when they yiel…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyHigh prevalencewheezingbusiness.industryMean valueLarge seriesmedicine.diseaseLatent class modelAtopyHigh resistanceBronchiolitismedicineRespiratory systembusiness7.6 Paediatric Respiratory Epidemiology
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Efficacy of levetiracetam in the treatment of drug-resistant Rett Syndrome.

2010

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypes. Epilepsy is reported to occur in 50–90% of patients with RTT; some develop medically refractory epilepsy. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) in drug-resistant patients with RTT. This prospective, pragmatic, open-label study consisted of an 8-week baseline period and a 6-month evaluation period. Efficacy variable was the mean frequency of monthly seizures before, and after 3 and 6 months of treatment with LEV. Eight female patients, aged 7.5–19 years (M12.8 ± 5) entered the study. Mean age at epilepsy onset was 25.8 ± 14.1 months. All patients sh…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyLevetiracetamAdolescentMethyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2medicine.medical_treatmentRett syndromeNeurological disorderDrug Administration ScheduleCentral nervous system diseasedrug therapy/geneticsYoung AdultEpilepsyanalogs /&/ derivatives/therapeutic useSeizuresConvulsionmedicineRett SyndromeHumansgeneticsEEGProspective StudiesMyoclonic seizuresChildProspective cohort studyPsychiatryDrug-resistanceAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industryPatient SelectionFocal seizureElectroencephalographymedicine.diseaseAdolescent Analysis of Variance Anticonvulsants; therapeutic use Child Drug Administration Schedule Electroencephalography Female Humans Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; genetics Patient Selection Piracetam; analogs /&/ derivatives/therapeutic use Prospective Studies Quality of Life Rett Syndrome; drug therapy/genetics Seizures; drug therapy/genetics Treatment Outcome Young AdultPiracetamSettore MED/39 - Neuropsichiatria InfantileTreatment OutcomeAnticonvulsantNeurologytherapeutic useQuality of LifeAnticonvulsantsFemaleNeurology (clinical)Levetiracetammedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drug
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Hypertension in the metabolic syndrome: Summary of the new position statement of the European Society of Hypertension

2009

Arterial hypertension is often part of a larger constellation of anthropometric and metabolic abnormalities that includes abdominal (or visceral) obesity, characteristic dyslipidemia (low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides), glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and hyperuricemia. Using Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, prevalence is higher than in the general population and the metabolic syndrome (MS) can be found in as many as one third of patients. In hypertensives with MS, a high prevalence of hypertension-induced target organ damage and a negative prognostic value have been described. Dietary advice and life style changes should be strongly recommended and …

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationComorbidityInsulin resistanceInternal MedicinePrevalenceMedicineHumansHyperuricemiaeducationAntihypertensive AgentsSocieties MedicalMetabolic Syndromeeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseComorbidityObesityEuropeBlood pressureHypertensionPractice Guidelines as TopicMetabolic syndromebusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorDyslipidemia
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Linezolidtherapie bei zwei Frühgeborenen mit nekrotisierender Enterokolitis und Infektion durch Vancomycin-resistente Enterokokken

2004

The use of the antibiotic Linezolid in two premature babies with necrotizing enterocolitis and infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus is described. Therapy with Linezolid in cause of necrotizing enterocolitis is an exception. Actually there are no proven recommendations for the use in this age group. Despite the successfully results more investigations for the use of linezolid in newborns and prematures are necessary.

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classAntibioticsDrug resistancemedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundPharmacotherapymedicineheterocyclic compoundsVancomycin-resistant EnterococcusEnterocolitisbiologybusiness.industryorganic chemicalsbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbacterial infections and mycosesmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationEnterococcuschemistryPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthNecrotizing enterocolitisLinezolidbacteriamedicine.symptombusinessKlinische Pädiatrie
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Domain-wall induced large magnetoresistance effects at zero applied field in ballistic nanocontacts

2013

We determine magnetoresistance effects in stable and clean Permalloy nanocontacts of variable cross section, fabricated by UHV deposition and in situ electromigration. To ascertain the magnetoresistance (MR) effects originating from a magnetic domain wall, we measure the resistance values with and without such a wall at zero applied field. In the ballistic transport regime, the MR ratio reaches up to 50% and exhibits a previously unobserved sign change. Our results can be reproduced by recent atomistic calculations for different atomic configurations of the nanocontact, highlighting the importance of the detailed atomic arrangement for the MR effect. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.067203

PermalloyMaterials scienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsMagnetic domainCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceField (physics)530 PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology530 Physik021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesElectromigrationCross section (physics)Domain wall (magnetism)Ballistic conductionMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Letters 110, 067203
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Emergence of the stripe-domain phase in patterned permalloy films

2016

The occurrence of stripe domains in ferromagnetic Permalloy (Py=Fe$_{20}$Ni$_{80}$) is a well known phenomenon which has been extensively observed and characterized. This peculiar magnetic configuration appears only in films with a thickness above a critical value ($d_{cr}$), which is strongly determined by the sputtering conditions (i.e. deposition rate, temperature, magnetic field). So far, $d_{cr}$ has usually been presented as the boundary between the homogeneous (H) and stripe-domains (SD) regime, respectively below and above $d_{cr}$. In this work we study the transition from the H to the SD regime in thin films and microstructured bridges of Py with different thicknesses. We find the…

PermalloyMaterials scienceMagnetoresistanceFerromagnetismeFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSputteringPhase (matter)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesMagnetoresistènciaThin filmFilmsMagnetic domains010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceCoercivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPermalloyMagnetic fieldFerromagnetismFerromagnetism0210 nano-technologyMagnetic domains; Permalloy; Films
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Scaling of intrinsic domain wall magneto-resistance with confinement in electromigrated nanocontacts

2018

In this work we study the evolution of intrinsic domain wall magnetoresistance (DWMR) with domain wall confinement. Clean permalloy notched half-ring nanocontacts are fabricated using a special ultra-high vacuum electromigration procedure to tailor the size of the wire in-situ and through the resulting domain wall confinement we tailor the domain wall width from a few tens of nm down to a few nm. Through measurements of the dependence of the resistance with respect to the applied field direction we extract the contribution of a single domain wall to the MR of the device, as a function of the domain wall width in the confining potential at the notch. In this size range, an intrinsic positive…

PermalloyMaterials scienceMagnetoresistanceField (physics)Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesElectromigrationDomain wall (magnetism)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesSingle domain010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyScaling
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¿Son los adhesivos dentinarios una opción válida para el tratamiento de la sensibilidad cervical dentinaria?

2006

espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar la capacidad in vitro de sellar tubulos dentinarios y reducir la permeabilidad dentinaria que tienen catorce productos propuestos para el tratamiento de la sensibilidad cervical dentinaria (SCD) y evaluar el efecto que la humedad y el cepillado tienen sobre ellos. Material y metodo: 140 discos de dentina (obtenidos de 3o molares humanos recien extraidos) se dividen en catorce grupos de 10 discos que se montan en un sistema de perfusion basado en la maquina de Pashley que mantiene una presion positiva sobre las discos. Cada disco se graba con acido ortofosforico al 35% y su permeabilidad se mide en una hora, este valor se considera el de referenc…

Permeabilidad DentinariaPhysicsSensibilidad dentinariaGeneral EngineeringDentine permeabilityLow resistanceHumanitiesAdhesivo dentinarioClearfil SE BondRCOE
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