Search results for "RESONANCE"

showing 10 items of 6625 documents

Proton magnetic resonance imaging with para-hydrogen induced polarization.

2012

A major challenge in imaging is the detection of small amounts of molecules of interest. In the case of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) their signals are typically concealed by the large background signal of e.g. the body. This problem can be tackled by hyperpolarization which increases the NMR signals up to several orders of magnitude. However, this strategy is limited for (1)H, the most widely used nucleus in NMR and MRI, because the enormous number of protons in the body screens the small amount of hyperpolarized ones. Here, we describe a method giving rise to high (1)H MRI contrast for hyperpolarized molecules against a large background signal. The contrast is based on the J-coupling i…

medicine.diagnostic_testChemistryDephasingMetabolic imagingGeneral Physics and AstronomyContrast MediaMagnetic resonance imagingSpin isomers of hydrogenInduced polarizationMagnetic Resonance ImagingProton magnetic resonanceNuclear magnetic resonancemedicineHyperpolarization (physics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryProtonsHydrogenPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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19F-MRI of perflubron for measurement of oxygen partial pressure in porcine lungs during partial liquid ventilation

2001

A method for in vivo measurement of oxygen partial pressure (pO2) in porcine lungs during partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with perflubron (PFOB) was developed. A pulse sequence for high-resolution MRI of the distribution of PFOB in the lung after intratracheal administration was developed as well. Moreover, quantitative measurements of longitudinal relaxation time T(1) of (19)F resonances for assessment of regional pO2 are described. Due to the need to acquire data during a single expiratory breathhold, only low SNRs were achieved in vivo. Therefore, simulations were performed to investigate the influence of background noise on T(1) values calculated from data with low SNR. Based on these …

medicine.diagnostic_testChemistryPerflubronbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingPartial pressureBackground noisechemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivomedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPartial liquid ventilationRespiratory systemNuclear medicinebusinessLongitudinal Relaxation TimeBiomedical engineeringMagnetic Resonance in Medicine
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Flip-angle measurement by magnetization inversion: Calibration of magnetization nutation angle in hyperpolarized 3 He magnetic resonance imaging lung…

2010

The aim of this work was to establish a new, fast, and robust method of flip-angle calibration for magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized 3He. The method called flip-angle measurement with magnetization inversion is based on acquiring images from periodically inverted longitudinal magnetization created using the spatial modulation of magnetization technique. By measuring the width of the area where the magnetization was inverted by the spatial modulation of magnetization preparation in phase images, the flip angle can be generated using a simple equation. To validate and establish the limits of the proposed method, flip-angle measurement with magnetization inversion acquisitions were …

medicine.diagnostic_testChemistrybusiness.industryNutationInverse transform samplingMagnetic resonance imagingImage processingMagnetizationNuclear magnetic resonanceOpticsFlip anglemedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingWaferbusinessExcitationMagnetic Resonance in Medicine
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Fusingin vivoandex vivoNMR sources of information for brain tumor classification

2011

In this study we classify short echo-time brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data by applying a model-based canonical correlation analyses algorithm and by using, as prior knowledge, multimodal sources of information coming from high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS), MRSI and magnetic resonance imaging. The potential and limitations of fusing in vivo and ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance sources to detect brain tumors is investigated. We present various modalities for multimodal data fusion, study the effect and the impact of using multimodal information for classifying MRSI brain glial tumors data and analyze which parameters influence the classification results…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsMultimodal dataBrain tumorMagnetic resonance spectroscopic imagingMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionmedicine.diseaseNuclear magnetic resonanceIn vivomedicineMagic angle spinningBrain magnetic resonance imagingArtificial intelligencebusinessInstrumentationEngineering (miscellaneous)Ex vivoMeasurement Science and Technology
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Segmentation of Positron Emission Tomography Images Using Multi-atlas Anatomical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

2021

Positron emission tomography (PET), is a medical imaging technique, it provides information about the body’s cellular function rather than its anatomy. However, due to the functional nature of PET images, locating the anatomical structures in such an image remains a challenging task, indeed, PET images only provide very little anatomical information. Segmentation of PET images, therefore, requires the intervention of a medical expert. The expert proceeds to a manual segmentation of a volume slice by slice, which turns out to be very tedious and costly in terms of time. In this article, we present, evaluate, and make available a multi-atlas approach for automatically segmenting human brain P…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryAtlas (topology)Magnetic resonance imagingImage segmentationMutual informationNeuroimagingPositron emission tomographyMedical imagingmedicineSegmentationComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness2021 International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematics and Informatics (ICRAMI)
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Exploring Frequency-dependent Brain Networks from ongoing EEG using Spatial ICA during music listening

2019

AbstractRecently, exploring brain activity based on functional networks during naturalistic stimuli especially music and video represents an attractive challenge because of the low signal-to-noise ratio in collected brain data. Although most efforts focusing on exploring the listening brain have been made through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), sensor-level electro- or magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) technique, little is known about how neural rhythms are involved in the brain network activity under naturalistic stimuli. This study exploited cortical oscillations through analysis of ongoing EEG and musical feature during free-listening to music. We used a data-driven method t…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryBrain activity and meditation05 social sciencesShort-time Fourier transformPattern recognitionMusicalMagnetoencephalographyElectroencephalographyStimulus (physiology)Independent component analysis050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFeature (computer vision)medicineMusic information retrieval0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesActive listeningArtificial intelligenceFunctional magnetic resonance imagingbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Evaluation of MRI and cannabinoid type 1 receptor PET templates constructed using DARTEL for spatial normalization of rat brains

2015

Purpose: Image registration is one prerequisite for the analysis of brain regions in magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) or positron-emission-tomography (PET) studies. Diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra (DARTEL) is a nonlinear, diffeomorphic algorithm for image registration and construction of image templates. The goal of this small animal study was (1) the evaluation of a MRI and calculation of several cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor PET templates constructed using DARTEL and (2) the analysis of the image registration accuracy of MR and PET images to their DARTEL templates with reference to analytical and iterative PET reconstruction algorithms. Methods:…

medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryImage registrationMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionImage processingGeneral MedicineIterative reconstructionScintigraphyRegularization (mathematics)White mattermedicine.anatomical_structurePositron emission tomographyOrdered subset expectation maximizationSpatial normalizationmedicineMaximum a posteriori estimationTomographyArtificial intelligencebusinessNuclear medicineMedical Physics
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MRI of inner ear fluids using modified GRASS sequences: a useful tool in the assessment of the normal and pathological labyrinth

1995

MRI is acquiring a progressively more important role in the investigation of petrous bone disease. Nevertheless, despite the extensive use of MRI in the detection of inflammatory or neoplastic involvement of the seventh and eighth cranial nerves, conventional spinecho images cannot be considered the modality of choice in inner ear imaging “Steady-state sequences” are known to be motion sensitive. By setting a very short repetition time, a large flip angle and a long echo time, one can obtain a sequence sufficiently sensitive to the slow movement of endo- and perilymph. We report our experience in MRI of normal and pathological inner ear with modified GRASS sequences.

medicine.diagnostic_testEcho timeCranial nervesMagnetic resonance imagingAnatomyBiologyPerilymphmedicine.anatomical_structureRepetition TimeFlip angleotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineInner earsense organsPathological
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Body composition with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: from basics to new tools

2020

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in nowadays considered one of the most versatile imaging techniques for the evaluation of metabolic bone disorders such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obesity. The advantages of DXA over other imaging techniques are the very low radiation dose, its accuracy and simplicity of use. In addition, fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) values by DXA shows very good accuracy compared to that of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In this review we will explain the technical working principles of body composition with DXA, together with the possible limitations and pitfalls that should be avoided in daily routine to produce high-quality DXA examina…

medicine.diagnostic_testIntra-Abdominal Fatbusiness.industryOsteoporosis030209 endocrinology & metabolismMagnetic resonance imagingReview Articlemedicine.diseasemusculoskeletal systemFat mass03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSarcopeniamedicineLean body massRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging030212 general & internal medicineLipodystrophyNuclear medicinebusinesshuman activitiesDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
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No influence of magnetic fields on cell cycle progression using conditions relevant for patients during MRI.

2003

The purpose of this study was to examine whether exposure to magnetic fields (MFs) relevant for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinical routine influences cell cycle progression in two tumor cell lines in vitro. HL60 and EA2 cells were exposed to four types of MFs: (i) static MF of 1.5 and 7.05 T, (ii) extremely low frequency magnetic gradient fields (ELFMGFs) with ± 10 mT/m and 100 Hz, as well as ± 100 mT/m and 100 Hz, (iii) pulsed high frequency MF in the radiofrequency (RF) range (63.6 MHz, 5.8 μT), and (iv) a combination of (i–iii). Exposure periods ranged from 1 to 24 h. Cell cycle distribution (G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases) was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell cycle analysis did not…

medicine.diagnostic_testPhysiologyChemistryCell CycleBiophysicsMagnetic resonance imagingDose-Response Relationship RadiationHL-60 CellsGeneral MedicineEnvironmental ExposureCell cycleMagnetostaticsRadiation DosageMagnetic Resonance ImagingFlow cytometryNuclear magnetic resonanceElectromagnetic FieldsCell culturemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingExtremely low frequencyIrradiationRadiometryBioelectromagneticsBioelectromagnetics
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