Search results for "RESPIRATORY SYSTEM"

Influenza A virus infection inhibits the efficient recruitment of Th2 cells into the airways and the development of airway eosinophilia.

2003

Abstract Most infections with respiratory viruses induce Th1 responses characterized by the generation of Th1 and CD8+ T cells secreting IFN-γ, which in turn have been shown to inhibit the development of Th2 cells. Therefore, it could be expected that respiratory viral infections mediate protection against asthma. However, the opposite seems to be true, because viral infections are often associated with the exacerbation of asthma. For this reason, we investigated what effect an influenza A (flu) virus infection has on the development of asthma. We found that flu infection 1, 3, 6, or 9 wk before allergen airway challenge resulted in a strong suppression of allergen-induced airway eosinophil…

Hypothermic preservation of lung allograft inhibits cytokine-induced chemoattractant-1, endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule, vascular cell adhesi…

2007

Summary Organ dysfunction is a major clinical problem after lung transplantation. Prolonged cold ischaemia and reperfusion injury are believed to play a central role in this complication. The influence of cold preservation on subsequent warm reperfusion was studied in an isolated, ventilated and perfused rat lung. Rat lungs were flushed with cold Perfadex-solution and stored at 4°C for different time periods. Thereafter lungs were perfused and ventilated for up to 3 h. Physiological parameters, production of inflammatory mediators and leucocyte infiltration were measured before and after perfusion. Lungs subjected to a cold ischaemia time of up to 6 h showed stable physiological conditions …

Type B Aortic Dissection Diagnosed by Left-Sided Transthoracic Ultrasonography in a Woman With Preeclampsia

2017

Resistance Training Safety during and after the SARS-Cov-2 Outbreak: Practical Recommendations

2020

In December of 2019, there was an outbreak of a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) in China. The virus rapidly spread into the whole world causing an unprecedented pandemic and forcing governments to impose a global quarantine, entering an extreme unknown situation. The organizational consequences of quarantine/isolation are absence of organized training and competition, lack of communication among athletes and coaches, inability to move freely, lack of adequate sunlight exposure, and inappropriate training conditions. The reduction of mobility imposed to contain the advance of the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic can negatively affect the physical con…

The application of porous silica layers in open tubular columns for liquid chromatography

1987

Two methods to realize a porous retentive silica layer on the inner wall of 10–25 µm fused silica capillaries for OTLC, etching and precipitation of silica from solution, have been investigated. Etching of the fused silica capillaries with 1M KOH, creates an activated surface, but the capacity of the silica layer is too small to serve as retentive layer in OTLC. Better prospects are offered by the precipitation of silica from a solution of polyethoxysiloxane, dynamically coated on the inner wall of the fused silica capillary. It appears to be possible to deposite a porous silica layer up to 0.8 µm thick (in a 25 µm capillary) by this method, which seems to be suitable for liquid-solid an dy…

Salbutamol Transport and Deposition in the Upper and Lower Airway with Different Devices in Cats: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach

2021

Simple Summary Administration of inhaled salbutamol via metered-dose inhalers can effectively treat bronchoconstriction. Different devices are used for the delivery of this drug in cats, either in the hospital or at home, for long-term treatment. Effective drug administration may depend on the drug delivery device as well as patient cooperation. By using non-invasive computational fluid dynamics techniques, the impact of these devices on the deposition and transport of salbutamol particles in the cat airways was simulated and assessed. The results confirm a variable drug distribution depending on the device used. The percentage of particles reaching the lung was reduced when using spacers a…

The Lung in Inflammatory Bowel Disease†

1993

Respiratory involvement in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported mainly since 1976. This form of involvement should clearly be separated from interstitial lung disease due to sulfasalazine or mesalamine, although the distinction may be difficult in some cases. We report the data of an ongoing Registry containing 33 cases (23 cases receiving no drug therapy) with ulcerative colitis or, less often, Crohn's disease, who developed varied bronchopulmonary problems. In several cases, the exact diagnosis and the relation of the bronchopulmonary disease to IBD had not been established for many years, thus delaying effective treatment with steroids. In most cases (28/33), …

Clinical Evolution and Quality of Life in Clinically Based COPD Chronic Bronchitic and Emphysematous Phenotypes: Results from the 1-Year Follow-Up of…

2021

Francesco Blasi, 1, 2 Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi, 3 Giorgio Walter Canonica, 4 Pietro Schino, 5 Giuseppina Cuttitta, 6 Alessandro Zullo, 7 Alessandra Ori, 7 Nicola Scichilone 8 On behalf of STORICO study group 1Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, 20122, Italy; 2Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, 20122, Italy; 3University Biomedical Campus of Rome, Rome, 00128, Italy; 4Personalized Medicine Asthma & Allergy Clinic Humanitas University Humanitas research Hospital Rozzano, Rozzano (Milan), 20089, Italy; 5Miulli Hospital, Acquaviva …

Triggers of Exacerbation in Chronic Urticaria and Recurrent Angioedema—Prevalence and Relevance

2021

Patients with urticaria and angioedema often have triggers that cause an outbreak or a swelling episode or worsen their chronic condition. Exploring these factors with each patient may result in better understanding and control of their disease. Patients should be advised to avoid known triggers, if feasible, or prepare to prevent or control an exacerbation with appropriate pretreatment if avoidance is not possible. In this review, we describe and discuss a variety of factors for which there is evidence that they cause or exacerbate chronic spontaneous urticaria and angioedema. These potentially exacerbating factors include drugs, food additives, and naturally occurring pseudoallergens, men…

Effects of sleep apnea and kidney dysfunction on objective sleep quality in nondialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease: an ESADA study

2020

Study Objectives: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often report poor sleep quality, but they commonly exhibit OSA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of OSA severity and of estimated glomerular filtration rate impairment on objective sleep quality in nondialyzed patients with CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73m2. Methods: Polysomnographic sleep characteristics were compared between patients with (n = 430) and without CKD (n = 6,639) in the European Sleep Apnea Database cohort. Comparisons were repeated in 375 patients with CKD and 375 control patients without CKD matched for sleep center, age, sex, and AHI, and in 310 matche…