Search results for "REUS"
showing 10 items of 670 documents
Building trust in the sharing economy: Current approaches and future considerations
2021
The sharing economy could be an answer to the challenge of sustainability; it can facilitate the sharing and reuse of resources, create new ways of earning money, and enhance social connections. For example, by reducing the use of natural resources without having to acquire or own everything, the sharing economy can positively affect sustainability. At the core of this type of economy lies trust among users and between users and the platform—the system cannot reach its full potential without trust. In fact, businesses or organizations in the sharing economy can even fail due to trust issues, although more information is needed to make better use of the existing platforms. The aim of this sy…
Production of a a-L-Rhamnosidase from Aspergillus Terreus Using Citrus Solid Waste as Inducer for Application in Juice Industry
2012
Naringinase is an enzyme complex consisting of a a-L-rhamnopyranosidase (Rha, EC. 3.2.1.40) and ß-D-glucopyranosidase (ßG, EC. 3.2.1.21). a-L-rhamnopyranosidase is an enzyme of considerable importance in food technology for increasing the aroma of fruit juices and alcoholic beverages. It is particularly used for debittering of citrus-juice by the hydrolysis of naringin and hesperidin, however this activity is low in commercial enzyme preparations. The aim of this work is the production of Rha from Aspergillus terreus fermentation using citrus solid waste (CSW), called “pastazzo”, as specific inducer. CSW is rich in fermentable materials such as sugars, in particular rhamnose, in pectins, an…
Environmental Benefits and Economical Sustainability of Urban Wastewater Reuse for Irrigation—A Cost-Benefit Analysis of an Existing Reuse Project in…
2020
Besides benefits associated to increased water availability for irrigation, reuse projects of urban water can also provide positive environmental impacts, as they contribute to improve water quality of the receiving bodies by diverting wastewater from their outlet. This represents a typical win-win situation where significant synergies can be achieved between urban and agricultural sector, and the environment. These favorable conditions, however, do not necessarily imply that water reuse is either feasible from an economic perspective nor that the underlying supply chain is going to be triggered, if certain conditions are not met. Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is considered a sound, theoretic…
Enhancing a Transition to a Circular Economy in the Water Sector: The EU Project WIDER UPTAKE
2021
A novel approach for resource recovery includes forward osmosis (FO) as a concentration step in municipal wastewater treatment. The current study investigates different pre-treatment strategies including biological treatment with a moving-bed bioreactor (MBBR) at different loading rates and particle removal by filtration and sedimentation. Membrane performance and recovery potential for energy and nutrients were investigated in laboratory-scale FO experiments in batch mode using pre-treated municipal wastewater as feed and 35 g/L NaCl as a draw solution. Initial water fluxes were in the range of 6.3 to 8.0 L/(m2·h). The baseline fluxes were modelled to account for flux decline due to concen…
eIF2α confers cellular tolerance to S. aureus α-toxin
2015
We report on the role of conserved stress-response pathways for cellular tolerance to a pore forming toxin. First, we observed that small molecular weight inhibitors including of eIF2α-phosphatase, jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and PI3-kinase sensitized normal mouse embryonal fibroblasts (MEFs) to the small pore forming S. aureus α-toxin. Sensitization depended on expression of mADAM10, the murine ortholog of a proposed high-affinity receptor for α-toxin in human cells. Similarly, eIF2α (S51A/S51A) MEFs, which harbor an Ala knock-in mutation at the regulated Ser51 phosphorylation site of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α, were hyper-sensitive to α-toxin. Inhibition of translation w…
Commensal Staphylococcus isolates from the nasal cavity of community older adults in Valencia (Spain) and their resistance to methicillin and other a…
2019
espanolLas cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a meticilina (SARM) estan ampliamente diseminadas, causando infecciones hospitalarias y comunitarias, y los portadores sanos de SARM constituyen un reservorio del patogeno. Otras especies de estafilococos coagulasa negativos (CoNS) colonizan animales y humanos, e incluyen cepas resistentes a meticilina (CoNSRM). En este trabajo hemos determinado la prevalencia de S. aureus y CoNS en la cavidad nasal de adultos mayores sanos (n= 27, edad media: 63.7 anos) y su resistencia a meticilina y otros antibioticos. Se obtuvieron 35 aislados de Staphylococcus. Todos los individuos (100%) portaban al menos una cepa de Staphylococcus; el 15% eran por…
The use of calcined paper mill sludge as a chemical precipitant in the simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate : paper mill waste recycling an…
2020
Currently, recycling and re-use of materials is extremely important due to the diminishing of natural resources. The objective of the European Union’s circular economy strategy is to increase recycling and the use of industrial waste materials and side streams as secondary raw materials. In this study, a chemical precipitation method to simultaneously remove ammonium nitrogen and phosphate from the liquid phase of anaerobic digestate using calcined paper mill sludge was studied. Papermill sludge is a waste material that forms in the paper-making process. In addition, commercial calcium oxide (CaO) was used as a reference precipitant. The suitability of the formed precipitate’s composition f…
Comparison between Citral and Pompia Essential Oil Loaded in Phospholipid Vesicles for the Treatment of Skin and Mucosal Infections
2020
Citrus species extracts are well known sources of bio-functional compounds with health-promoting effects. In particular, essential oils are known for their antibacterial activity due to the high content of terpenes. In this work, the steam-distilled essential oil from the leaves of Citrus limon var. pompia was loaded in phospholipid vesicles. The physico-chemical characteristics of the essential oil loaded vesicles were compared with those of vesicles that were loaded with citral, which is one of the most abundant terpenes of Citrus essential oils. The biocompatibility of the vesicles was assessed in vitro in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the vesicles was t…
Rainwater reuse in urban areas: a mathematical model and a longterm modelling approach
2018
Natural water resources are becoming increasingly limited due to global-scale climate change and water availability issues have become so severe that they must be addressed. Given these issues, reuse of wastewater and rainwater provides a promising way to cope with water shortages. This paper describes an investigation into the efficiency of rainwater usage systems. A conceptual model was built to assess the behaviour of rainwater tanks and their effectiveness in coping with water shortages. The study is based on a long-term simulation (12 years) of different rainwater reuse tank schemes. The associated reductions in residential freshwater demand (water reuse efficiency) and wetweather runo…