Search results for "RIAM"
showing 10 items of 152 documents
Hyaluronic Acid-Based Micelles as Ocular Platform to Modulate the Loading, Release, and Corneal Permeation of Corticosteroids
2017
The aim of this work is to prepare hyaluronic acid-based micelles as a platform to load corticosteroid drugs and to improve their corneal permeation after administration on the ocular surface. Three amphiphilic derivatives of hyaluronic acid (HA) are synthesized using different amounts of hexadecylamine (C16 -NH2 ). HAC16 a, HAC16 b, and HAC16 c derivatives are able to form micelles by the cosolvent evaporation method and to entrap corticosteroids (dexamethasone, triamcinolone, triamcinolone acetonide). HAC16 a and HAC16 b micelles show the best results in terms of drug loading and particle size. They are also able to improve drug release compared to free drug solution or suspension. In add…
Spray-Drying, Solvent-Casting and Freeze-Drying Techniques: a Comparative Study on their Suitability for the Enhancement of Drug Dissolution Rates.
2019
Purpose Solid dispersions (SDs) represent the most common formulation technique used to increase the dissolution rate of a drug. In this work, the three most common methods used to prepare SDs, namely spray-drying, solvent-casting and freezedrying, have been compared in order to investigate their effect on increasing drug dissolution rate. Methods Three formulation strategies were used to prepare a polymer mixture of polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) and maltodextrin (MDX) as SDs loaded with the following three model drugs, all of which possess a poor solubility: Olanzapine, Dexamethasone, and Triamcinolone acetonide. The SDs obtained were analysed and compared in terms of drug particle size, drug-lo…
Microscopic Study of Injectable Steroids: Effects of Postmixing Time on Particle Aggregation
2020
Background: Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a common practice for pain treatment since 1953. In 2014, the FDA issued a warning about ESI. Studies have focused on the effect of the particle size and their ability to generate harmful aggregates. Although steroid aggregates provide longer times for reabsorption, therefore a longer anti-inflammatory effect, they are potentially harmful to the central nervous system via embolic mechanisms. Previous studies have established that steroidal aggregates with asizes over 100 μm are potentially able to occlude blood vessels. Studies by Tiso et al and Benzon et al addressed the role of steroids on CNS adverse events, with similar outcomes. The main …
A Unique Discrete Tetranuclear Cu′–Cu(N-N)2Cu–Cu′ Copper(II) Complex, Built from a μ3-1,2,4-Triazolato-μ-carboxylato Ligand, as an Effective DNA Clea…
2012
The title compound, characterized by means of an X-ray structure analysis, represents an easy example of a noncatena "1 + 2 + 1" tetranuclear copper(II) μ(3)-triazolate compound. [Cu(4)(atc)(2)(dien)(4)(ClO(4))(2)](ClO(4))(2)·2H(2)O (1), where H(2)atc = 5-amino-l,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid and dien = diethylenetriamine = 1,4,7-triazaheptane, contains two copper atoms linked by a double diazinic bridge, each of which is further connected to a third and fourth copper atom (Cu') through the triply bridging triazolato ring and the bidentate carboxylato group of the atc(2-) ligands. The copper-copper distances within the tetranuclear unit are Cu-Cu = 4.059 Å, Cu-Cu' = 5.686 and 6.370 Å, and …
Bis(diethylenetriamine-κ3N)nickel(II) 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamidate chloride monohydrate
2000
In the X-ray crystal structure of the title complex, [Ni(C(4)H(13)N(3))(2)](C(2)H(3)N(4)O(2)S(2))Cl.H(2)O, the coordination polyhedron is composed of non-centrosymmetric [Ni(diethylenetriamine)(2)](2+) cations in which the triamine ligands coordinate to the metal centre as tridentate ligands in a facial position. The Ni(II) ions are linked to six N atoms in an octahedral arrangement, slightly compressed in one extreme. The sulfonamide behaves as a counter-ion instead of as a ligand. Important information about the deprotonated sulfonamide group conformation has been obtained.
Electrospun Plasma-assisted Functionalized Ocular Inserts for Triamcinolone Acetonide Delivery
2018
Topically administered ocular Drug Delivery Systems are the most desirable formulations for the treatment of ocular chronic diseases, being the most simple, convenient and patient-friendly ocular route of administration, despite it requires prolonged and continuous treatment over time. At this regard, ocular insert represent an innovative and effective strategy. Ocular inserts are solid/semisolid sterile preparations characterized by dimensions and shape specifically designed for topical ocular administration. They are able to rapidly adhere on the ocular surface and remain in situ for prolonged period while assuring a controlled drug release and potentially increasing drug transcorneal abs…
Intravitreal pegaptanib sodium for refractory pseudophakic macular oedema.
2008
Evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal pegaptanib sodium (Macugen®) in refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema (CME). Prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series. Four eyes of four patients with refractory pseudophakic CME to pars plana vitrectomy and intravitreal bevacizumab and triamcinolone, were treated with pegaptanib sodium, with a mean follow up of 4 months. Pre- and postinfection examinations included assessment of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart (ETDRS), fluorescein angiography (FA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Visual acuity increased in all patients after intravitreal pegaptanib sodium. OCT…
Preoperative, Intraoperative and Postoperative Corticosteroid Use as an Adjunctive Treatment for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
2020
The treatment for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is surgery, including pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckling (SB). Despite surgical advances, degeneration of the photoreceptors and post-operative complications, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), often occurs as the result of inflammation, preventing complete visual recovery or causing RRD recurrence. There is increasing evidence that in the presence of RRD, the activation of inflammatory processes occurs and the surgery itself induces an inflammatory response. This comprehensive review focuses on the use of different formulations of corticosteroids (CCS), as an adjunctive treatment to surgery, either PPV or S…
Antimetastatic activity of adriamycin in combinations with proteinase inhibitors in mice
1990
The antimetastatic activity of adriamycin in combination with proteinase inhibitors was investigated in mice bearing the metastatic tumors L1210 leukemia, Lewis lung carcinoma or M5076 sarcoma. Leupeptin, a cathepsin B inhibitor, when administered as a single agent was devoid of antimetastatic activity but some therapeutic activity was noted in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma when the agent was administered in combination with adriamysin. Pepstatin A, a cathepsin D inhibitor, had no effect as a single agent in mice with L1210 leukemia but displayed some antimetastatic activity in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. In mice with M5076 sarcoma the combination of pepstatin A and adriamycin resulted…