Search results for "RICH"
showing 10 items of 3360 documents
The NEXT Project: Towards Production and Investigation of Neutron-Rich Heavy Nuclides
2022
The heaviest actinide elements are only accessible in accelerator-based experiments on a one-atom-at-a-time level. Usually, fusion–evaporation reactions are applied to reach these elements. However, access to the neutron-rich isotopes is limited. An alternative reaction mechanism to fusion–evaporation is multinucleon transfer, which features higher cross-sections. The main drawback of this technique is the wide angular distribution of the transfer products, which makes it challenging to catch and prepare them for precision measurements. To overcome this obstacle, we are building the NEXT experiment: a solenoid magnet is used to separate the different transfer products and to focus those of …
Rainwater draining in historical buildings: local specificities and techniques
2013
Se trattati e manuali descrivono compiutamente la "regola dell'arte" riferita ai sistemi costruttivi di maggiore diffusione, il più delle volte riconoscibili in ambiti sovranazionali e nelle architetture di maggiore livello, così non è per quelle soluzioni tecniche tipiche di periodi storici ed aree limitate, importanti nella formazione dell'identità del luogo, la cui conoscenza è legata ad una tradizione effimera raramente oggetto di analisi, di attenzione e di valorizzazione. In questa sede si fa riferimento ai sistemi per il convogliamento o l’allontanamento dell’acqua piovana dagli edifici, in cui lo studio dell’architettura storica fornisce una vasta gamma di casi in cui la tecnologia …
Global diversity and geography of soil fungi
2014
Fungi play integral roles in soil nutrient cycling, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographic patterns of key functional groups remain poorly understood. By using pyrosequencing data from hundreds of globally distributed soil samples, we demonstrated fungal diversity that expands upon the taxonomic and molecular diversity recorded so far. Except for ectomycorrhizal symbionts, fungal functional group richness was unrelated to plant diversity and plant-to-fungus richness ratio declined exponentially towards the poles. Climatic factors, followed by edaphic and spatial variables, constituted the best predictors of fungal richness and community composition at the global scale. F…
Data visualization in Scandinavian newsrooms : emerging trends in journalistic visualisation practices
2018
Abstract The visualization of numeric data is becoming an important element in journalism. In this article, we present an interview study investigating data visualization practices in Scandinavian newsrooms. Editorial leaders, data journalists, developers and graphic designers in 10 major news organizations in Norway, Sweden and Denmark provide information for the study on a range of issues concerning visualization practices and experiences. The emergence of multi-skilled specialist groups as well as innovation in technology and the ‘mobile first mantra’ are identified as important factors in the fast-developing practices of journalistic data visualization. Elements of tension and negotiati…
Data from: Fight evolution with evolution: plasmid-dependent phages with a wide host range prevent the spread of antibiotic resistances
2013
The emergence of pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics is a serious worldwide public health concern. Whenever antibiotics are applied, the genes encoding for antibiotic resistance are selected for within bacterial populations. This has led to the prevalence of conjugative plasmids that carry resistance genes and can transfer themselves between diverse bacterial groups. In this study, we investigated whether it is feasible to attempt to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistances with a lytic bacteriophage, which can replicate in a wide range of gram-negative bacteria harboring conjugative drug-resistance conferring plasmids. The counter-selection against the plasmid was sho…
Data from: Rearing background and exposure environment together explain higher survival of aquaculture fish during a bacterial outbreak
2019
1. Parasitic diseases represent one of the greatest challenges for aquaculture worldwide and there is an increasing emphasis on ecological solutions to prevent infections. One proposed solution is enriched rearing, where traditional stimulus-poor rearing tanks are equipped with different types of structures to increase habitat complexity. Such spatial enrichment is known to increase survival of fish during parasite epidemics, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. 2. We studied whether enriched rearing affected infection of an important fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare in young Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and sea-migrating brown trout (Salmo trutta). First, we used natural…
Data from: Targeting antibiotic resistant bacteria with phages reduces bacterial density in an insect host
2019
Phage therapy is attracting growing interest among clinicians as antibiotic resistance continues becoming harder to control. However, clinical trials and animal model studies on bacteriophage treatment are still scarce and results on the efficacy vary. Recent research suggests that using traditional antimicrobials in concert with phage could have desirable synergistic effects that hinder the evolution of resistance. Here, we present a novel insect gut model to study phage-antibiotic interaction in a system where antibiotic resistance initially exists in very low frequency and phage specifically targets the resistance bearing cells. We demonstrate that while phage therapy could not reduce th…
Cartilage Regeneration and Tissue Engineering
2019
Abstract Articular cartilage in synovial joints is a hyaline cartilage highly hydrated with a rigorous order of cells and fibers and a specific content of proteoglycans and glycoproteins. It provides a low-friction surface, participates in the lubrication of the synovial joints, and distributes the forces to the underlying bone. It is an avascular and aneural tissue where small metabolites diffuse to and from cells. Unlike hyaline cartilage in other locations, articular cartilage lacks perichondrium, a layer of fibrous tissue around it that serves as the source of new cartilage cells. Thus, although extracellular matrix undergoes continuous remodeling throughout life, the ability to repair …
In vivo evaluation of the interaction between the Escherichia coli IGP synthase subunits using the Bacterial Two-Hybrid system
2020
ABSTRACT Histidine biosynthesis is one of the most characterized metabolic routes for its antiquity and its central role in cellular metabolism; indeed, it represents a cross-road between nitrogen metabolism and de novo synthesis of purines. This interconnection is due to the activity of imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase, a heterodimeric enzyme constituted by the products of two his genes, hisH and hisF, encoding a glutamine amidotransferase and a cyclase, respectively. Despite their interaction was suggested by several in vitro experiments, their in vivo complex formation has not been demonstrated. On the contrary, the analysis of the entire Escherichia coli interactome performed using…
Patterns and rates of nucleotide substitution, insertion and deletion in the endosymbiont of antsBlochmannia floridanus
2009
Genome reduction is a general process that has been studied in numerous symbiotic bacteria associated with insects. We investigated the last stages of genome degradation in Blochmannia floridanus, a mutualistic bacterial endosymbiont of the ant Camponotus floridanus. We determined the tempo (rates of insertion and deletion) and mode (size and number of insertion-deletion events) of the process in the last 200,000 years by analysing a total of 16 intergenic regions in several strains of this endosymbiont from different ant populations. We provide the first calculation of the reduction rate for noncoding DNA in this endosymbiont (2.2 x 10(-8) lost nucleotides/site/year) and compare it with th…