Search results for "RPE"
showing 10 items of 2566 documents
Replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in the medulla of the adrenal gland after vaginal infection of mice.
1996
After vaginal infections of mice with neuroinvasive strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) virus replicates in the epithelium of the vagina, in the paravaginal ganglia, in the spinal cord and finally in the brain and in the adrenal glands. However, viral antigens could be demonstrated only in the medulla of the adrenal glands but not in the cortex, as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HSV could not be isolated from liver, spleen, uterus, and ovaries. This contrasts to the intraperitoneal (i.p) route of infection with replication in different visceral organs including the adrenal gland's cortex.
Translocation of the nuclear autoantigen La to the cell surface of herpes simplex virus type 1 infected cells.
1992
Recently we developed a procedure to translocalize one of the extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs), the La protein, to the cell surface of CV-1 cells. Here we report that herpes simplex virus type 1 infection can also induce a translocation of the autoantigen to the cell surface. On the cell surface we detected La protein assembled with large protrusions. Within these protrusions La protein colocalized with virus particles. These protrusions are known to be released from the cell after virus infections. Such complexes consisting of self and virus could provide helper determinants for an anti-self response, and therefore be important in generation of autoimmunity.
The human autoantigen La/SS-B accelerates herpes simplex virus type 1 replication in transfected mouse 3T3 cells.
1998
SUMMARY Permanently transfected mouse cell lines which expressed different levels of the human autoantigen La/SS-B were infected with different strains of herpes simplex virus type 1, including the strains ANG, HSZP, 17syn+ and HFEM. During infection the localization of the human La protein was followed using an anti-La MoAb, which recognized only the human La protein but did not cross-react with either the endogenous mouse La protein or any viral encoded protein. After infection La protein was transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The time course of translocation was dependent on the amount of human La protein expressed in the respective cell line. Moreover, acceleration of viral …
Single amino acid substitutions in the glycoprotein B carboxy terminus influence the fusion from without property of herpes simplex virus type 1.
1995
Syncytial mutations of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains ANG, ANG path, HFEM, tsB5 and HSZP cause extensive cell fusion and were mapped to the cytoplasmic domain of glycoprotein B (gB), within the syn 3 locus. These strains are so far the only ones which show the phenotype ‘fusion from without’ (FFWO): 60 min after infection with high m.o.i., cells in a tissue culture are fused without transcription and translation of the viral genome. In this report we detected, using the recombinants 27/III and K-7, that an amino acid exchange from Ala to Val at aa position 854 of gB is the main determinant for FFWO activity of strains ANG, ANG path and recombinant K-7. The transfer of this muta…
Colonization of adrenal glands and ovaries of mice by variants of HSV 1 and 2
1991
The herpes simplex virus (HSV)-infected mouse model was used to correlate histopathological lesions in adrenal glands and ovaries with the localisation of viral nucleic acids and viral antigens, employing in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. In the adrenals, the lesions were mainly restricted to the zona fasciculata and the zona reticularis, sometimes extending to the medulla. In the ovaries, lesions were detected in follicles and in the stroma. During the course of infection, HSV nucleic acids could be detected earlier than HSV proteins. Next to the center of necrotic foci mainly HSV proteins were detected, whereas peripheral cells were found to contain viral nucleic acids. In s…
Quantitative microscopy reveals stepwise alteration of chromatin structure during herpesvirus infection
2019
During lytic herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection, the expansion of the viral replication compartments leads to an enrichment of the host chromatin in the peripheral nucleoplasm. We have shown previously that HSV-1 infection induces the formation of channels through the compacted peripheral chromatin. Here, we used three-dimensional confocal and expansion microscopy, soft X-ray tomography, electron microscopy, and random walk simulations to analyze the kinetics of host chromatin redistribution and capsid localization relative to their egress site at the nuclear envelope. Our data demonstrated a gradual increase in chromatin marginalization, and the kinetics of chromatin smoothening arou…
Antiviral prophylaxis in patients with haematological malignancies and solid tumours: Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of …
2006
Morbidity and mortality in patients with malignancies are increased by viral infections. These mostly are reactivations of asymptomatic latent infections. They primarily concern clinical entities associated with the reactivation of herpes viruses, such as varicella zoster virus (VZV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Respiratory tract infections caused by influenza, parainfluenza or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are less common. Since reactivation of latent infections has major clinical impact, antiviral prophylaxis is an attractive approach for patients expecting immunosuppression. The main risk factor for clinically relevant reactivation is profound disruption of cellular immune response. Du…
Enhancement by TNF-alpha of reactivation and replication of latent herpes simplex virus from trigeminal ganglia of mice.
1995
The influence of tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukine-1 (IL-1) and IL-3 on the in vitro reactivation frequency and replication rate of trigeminal ganglia of mice latently infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) strain KOS was studied. It could be demonstrated that TNF-alpha and possibility GM-CSF, but not IL-1 and IL-3, enhanced the reactivation frequency and replication of HSV. Interferon alpha/beta (IFN alpha/beta) prevented reactivation and replication.
Focusing on Workplace Communication
2019
Communication has a constitutive role in the workplace; in workplace communication the organization comes into being. In workplace communication workers create and negotiate meanings and a shared understanding of important work-related issues. Communication is also essential for a functional working environment. Especially in knowledge-based work members of the workplace aim at success, efficiency, and productivity by discussing, conversing, debating, and providing and receiving feedback. Hence, when striving to establish a healthy workplace with high levels of satisfaction and well-being, one has to understand the dynamics of workplace communication. This chapter examines interpersonal com…
Qualitative case study of Congolese children's current friendships in Finland and past experiences as refugees in Rwanda, 1996-2012
2013
Tutkijat ovat osoittaneet, että sosiaalisen tuen sekä vuorovaikutus- ja vertaissuhteiden merkityksestä sodasta kärsineiden lasten elämässä tarvitaan lisätutkimusta. Oheinen kvalitatiivinen tapaustutkimus pienentää tätä puutetta aiemmassa tutkimuksessa tarjoamalla lisätietoa kongolaisten pakolaislasten interpersoonallisista vuorovaikutussuhteista ystävien kanssa Suomeen muuton jälkeisessä tilanteessa. Katsottaessa identiteettien muodostusta ja kulttuurien luomista ilmiöinä, näiden neuvottelujen nähdään tapahtuvan ihmisten välisessä vuorovaikutuksessa. Tästä näkökulmasta katsottuna oheinen poikkitieteellinen tutkimus ottaa huomioon myös näiden neuvotteluiden historiallisen kontekstin. Monimut…