Search results for "RULE"

TiO2 nanocauruļu fotokatalītiskās aktivitātes kvantu ķīmijas pētījums

2015

Darba motivācija ir iegūt modeli, ar kura palīdzību var pētīt titāna dioksīda fotokatalītiskās un optiskās īpašības, jo TiO2 ir perspektīvs materiāls ūdens fotokatalītiskai sadalīšanai. Tā efektivitāti var palielināt, veidojot no tā nanocaurules — enerģētiski stabilas struktūras ar lielu virsmas laukumu un mainot TiO2 aizliegtās zonas platumu. Darbā ir aprakstīta TiO2 nanocauruļu periodisko modeļu reducēšana līdz neperiodiskiem modeļiem. Iegūtie modeļi, izmantojot uz blīvuma funkcionāla teorijas balstītus aprēķinus, tiek salīdzināti ar periodiskajiem modeļiem un tiek novērtēti faktori, kuri ietekmē modeļu elektronisko struktūru. Darba rezultātā ir piedāvāts skaitliskais eksperiments, ar kur…

Una lezione di metodo

2022

Il contributo offre uno scandaglio della tesi di laurea di Francesca Morvillo su “Stato di diritto e misure di prevenzione”: l’elaborato, discusso il 26 giugno 1967 (Francesca Morvillo ha 21 anni), evidenzia già doti ricostruttive rimarchevoli e una finissima sensibilità per i profili di metodo. Lo snodo cardine dell’elaborato, che ricostruisce la natura giurisdizionale e non già amministrativa delle misure di prevenzione, tesse il concetto di Stato di diritto imperniandolo sul primato della persona umana: l’accento logico della nozione di Rechtsstaat, così come modellata da Francesca Morvillo sulle orme del dibattito tedesco, non riposa, dunque, nella divisione dei poteri e nel semplice as…

In Candida parapsilosis the ATC1 Gene Encodes for an Acid Trehalase Involved in Trehalose Hydrolysis, Stress Resistance and Virulence

2014

An ORF named CPAR2-208980 on contig 005809 was identified by screening a Candida parapsilosis genome data base. Its 67% identity with the acid trehalase sequence from C. albicans (ATC1) led us to designate it CpATC1. Homozygous mutants that lack acid trehalase activity were constructed by gene disruption at the two CpATC1 chromosomal alleles. Phenotypic characterization showed that atc1Δ null cells were unable to grow on exogenous trehalose as carbon source, and also displayed higher resistance to environmental challenges, such as saline exposure (1.2 M NaCl), heat shock (42°C) and both mild and severe oxidative stress (5 and 50 mM H2O2). Significant amounts of intracellular trehalose were …

Homozygous deletion of ATC1 and NTC1 genes in Candida parapsilosis abolishes trehalase activity and affects cell growth, sugar metabolism, stress res…

2015

A double homozygous atc1Δ/atc1Δ/ntc1Δ/ntc1Δ mutant (atc1Δ/ntc1Δ KO) was constructed in the pathogen opportunistic yeast Candida parapsilosis by disruption of the two chromosomal alleles coding for NTC1 gene (encoding a neutral trehalase) in a Cpatc1Δ/atc1Δ background (atc1Δ KO strain, deficient in acid trehalase). The Cpatc1Δ/ntc1Δ KO mutant failed to counteract the inability of Cpatc1Δ cells to metabolize exogenous trehalose and showed a similar growth pattern on several monosaccharides and disaccharides. However, upon prolonged incubation in either rich medium (YPD) or nutrient-starved medium the viability of Cpatc1Δ cells exhibited a sensitive phenotype, which was augmented by further Cp…

Colonization of tomato root by pathogenic and nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains inoculated together and separately into the soil.

2006

ABSTRACT In soil, fungal colonization of plant roots has been traditionally studied by indirect methods such as microbial isolation that do not enable direct observation of infection sites or of interactions between fungal pathogens and their antagonists. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to visualize the colonization of tomato roots in heat-treated soil and to observe the interactions between a nonpathogenic strain, Fo47, and a pathogenic strain, Fol8, inoculated onto tomato roots in soil. When inoculated separately, both fungi colonized the entire root surface, with the exception of the apical zone. When both strains were introduced together, they both colonized the root surface…

The Cell Cycle-Specific Growth-Inhibitory Factor Produced by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Is a Cytolethal Distending Toxin

1998

ABSTRACT Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans has been shown to produce a soluble cytotoxic factor(s) distinct from leukotoxin. We have identified in A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 a cluster of genes encoding a cytolethal distending toxin (CDT). This new member of the CDT family is similar to the CDT produced by Haemophilus ducreyi . The CDT from A. actinomycetemcomitans was produced in Escherichia coli and was able to induce cell distension, growth arrest in G 2 /M phase, nucleus swelling, and chromatin fragmentation in HeLa cells. The three proteins, CDTA, -B and -C, encoded by the cdt locus were all required for toxin activity. Antiserum raised against recombinant CDTC completely inhibited …

Holes in the Dike: the global savings glut, U.S. house prices and the long shadow of banking deregulation

2015

We explore empirically how capital inflows into the US and financial deregulation within the United States interacted in driving the run-up (and subsequent decline) in US housing prices over the period 1990-2010. To obtain an ex ante measure of financial liberalization, we focus on the history of interstate-banking deregulation during the 1980s, i.e. prior to the large net capital inflows into the US from China and other emerging economies. Our results suggest a long shadow of deregulation: in states that opened their banking markets to out-of-state banks earlier, house prices were more sensitive to capital inflows. We provide evidence that global imbalances were a major positive funding sh…

Spatiotemporal and gender-specific parasitism in two species of gobiid fish

2018

Parasitism is considered a major selective force in natural host populations. Infections can decrease host condition and vigour, and potentially influence, for example, host population dynamics and behavior such as mate choice. We studied parasite infections of two common marine fish species, the sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) and the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps), in the brackish water Northern Baltic Sea. We were particularly interested in the occurrence of parasite taxa located in central sensory organs, such as eyes, potentially affecting fish behavior and mate choice. We found that both fish species harbored parasite communities dominated by taxa transmitted to fish through …

The Philosophy of Democracy and the Paradoxes of Majority Rule

1997

Adaptation to host inVibrio vulnificus, a zoonotic pathogen that causes septicemia in fish and humans

2019

Vibrio vulnificus is a siderophilic pathogen spreading due to global warming. The zoonotic strains constitute a clonal-complex related to fish farms that are distributed worldwide. In this study, we applied a transcriptomic and single gene approach and discover that the zoonotic strains bypassed the iron requirement of the species thanks to the acquisition of two iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPs) involved in resistance to fish innate immunity. Both proteins have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer and are contributing to the successful spreading of this clonal-complex. We have also discovered that the zoonotic strains express a virulent phenotype in the blood of its main…