Search results for "Radical"

Persistent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections have been associated with the exacerbation of chronic inflammatory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This virus infects the respiratory epithelium, leading to chronic inflammation, and induces the release of mucins and the loss of cilia activity, two factors that determine mucus clearance and the increase in sputum volume. These alterations involve reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanisms. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has proven useful in the management of COPD, reducing symptoms, exacerbations, and accelerated lung function decline. NAC inhibits RSV infection and mucin release in human A54…

Viral DiseasesPulmonologyChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseaseslcsh:MedicineMucin 5ACVirus ReplicationAcetylcysteinePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveTubulinRespiratory systemlcsh:ScienceCells CulturedMultidisciplinaryInterleukin-13Microscopy VideoCell DifferentiationForkhead Transcription FactorsFree Radical Scavengersrespiratory systemHost-Pathogen InteractionLower Respiratory Tract InfectionsInfectious Diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureInterleukin 13Medicinemedicine.symptomResearch Articlemedicine.drugDrugs and DevicesInflammationBronchiRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionsBiologyMicrobiologyAntiviral AgentsUpper Respiratory Tract InfectionsmedicineHumansCiliaBiologyInflammationRespiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionA549 cellMucinlcsh:RImmunityEpithelial CellsAxonemal DyneinsEpitheliumAcetylcysteineGene Expression RegulationRespiratory Syncytial Virus HumanRespiratory InfectionsImmunologyRespiratory epitheliumlcsh:QPLoS ONE

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Contribution of vitamin A to the oxidation resistance of human low density lipoproteins.

1995

This study investigated the antioxidant contribution of vitamin A in protecting human low density lipoprotein (LDL) against copper-stimulated oxidation. The presence of small amounts of retinol (0.033 ± 0.012 nmol/mol LDL) and retinyl palmitate (0.036 ± 0.021 nmol/mol LDL) was routinely ascertained in the LDL. A single oral supplementation with 20,000 IU vitamin A caused a two- to three-fold increase of retinol and retinyl palmitate in the LDL isolated 8 h after the supplementation. In comparison to autologous-control LDL, vitamin A-enriched LDL were more resistant to oxidation, as expressed both by a clear delay in the onset of lipid peroxidation and by a reduction of the rate of conjugate…

VitaminAdultMaleRetinyl EstersAntioxidantFree RadicalsArteriosclerosismedicine.medical_treatmentRetinyl esterIn Vitro Techniquesmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryAntioxidantsLDLLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundFree radicalIn vivoPhysiology (medical)Retinyl palmitatemedicineHumansVitamin ARetinolRetinolMiddle AgedLipoproteins LDLKineticsOxidative StresschemistryBiochemistryAtherosclerosiLow-density lipoproteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)FemaleLipid PeroxidationAntioxidantDiterpenesOxidation-ReductionOxidative stressCopperFree radical biologymedicine

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Antioxidant Activity of Vitamin A within Lipid Environments

1998

New information about deleterious effects of free radicals on cell compartments, and a growing amount of associations between free radicals and various pathological conditions, have produced considerable interest in the biological defense systems against oxidative injury. The antioxidant properties of vitamin A, known for decades (Monaghan and Schmitt, 1932), have been reinvestigated in recent years in chemical as well as in biological systems. Its lipid nature and the localization within the lipophilic compartment of membranes and lipoproteins make vitamin A effective in reducing lipid peroxidation by acting as a chain-breaking antioxidant.

VitaminAntioxidantChemistrymedicine.medical_treatmentRadicalRetinoic acidLipid metabolismmedicine.disease_causeLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundBiochemistryRetinyl palmitatemedicineOxidative stress

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A Comprehensive Review on Lipid Oxidation in Meat and Meat Products.

2019

Meat and meat products are a fundamental part of the human diet. The protein and vitamin content, as well as essential fatty acids, gives them an appropriate composition to complete the nutritional requirements. However, meat constituents are susceptible to degradation processes. Among them, the most important, after microbial deterioration, are oxidative processes, which affect lipids, pigments, proteins and vitamins. During these reactions a sensory degradation of the product occurs, causing consumer rejection. In addition, there is a nutritional loss that leads to the formation of toxic substances, so the control of oxidative processes is of vital importance for the meat industry. Noneth…

VitaminMeat packing industryPhysiologyClinical Biochemistryfree radicalsOxidative phosphorylationReviewBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyLipid oxidationaldehydesFood sciencevolatile compoundsthiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)Molecular BiologyChemistrybusiness.industryoxidative deteriorationlcsh:RM1-9500402 animal and dairy science04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesCell Biology040401 food science040201 dairy & animal scienceanalytical methodslcsh:Therapeutics. PharmacologyhydroperoxidebusinessAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

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N-3 fatty acids modulate antioxidant status in diabetic rats and their macrosomic offspring.

2006

We investigated the role of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in the modulation of total antioxidant status in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and their macrosomic offspring. Female wistar rats, fed on control diet or n-3 PUFA diet, were rendered diabetic by administration of five mild doses of STZ on day 5 and were killed on days 12 and 21 of gestation. The macrosomic (MAC) pups were killed at the age of 60 and 90 days. Lipid peroxidation was measured as the concentrations of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the total antioxidant status was determined by measuring (i) plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), (ii) plasma vitami…

Vitaminmedicine.medical_specialtyAntioxidantErythrocytesOxygen radical absorbance capacityEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentPregnancy in DiabeticsMedicine (miscellaneous)Ascorbic AcidThiobarbituric Acid Reactive SubstancesAntioxidantsDiabetes Mellitus ExperimentalFetal MacrosomiaLipid peroxidationchemistry.chemical_compoundPregnancyInternal medicineFatty Acids Omega-3TBARSmedicineDiabetes MellitusAnimalsVitamin ERats WistarVitamin Achemistry.chemical_classificationGlutathione PeroxidaseNutrition and DieteticsVitamin CTriglycerideChemistrySuperoxide DismutaseFatty AcidsFree Radical ScavengersLipidsRatsEndocrinologyAnimals NewbornDiabetes Mellitus Type 2FemaleLipid PeroxidationBiomarkersPolyunsaturated fatty acidInternational journal of obesity (2005)

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