Search results for "Radiosurgery"

Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Deeply Seated Low Grade Gliomas

1994

The authors report the results of a series of 16 cases of low-grade gliomas in whom radiosurgery was performed. This series started in 1977. All the tumours received a single radiosurgical session (with a mean dose of 21.7 Gy, 5–10mm. collimator; one patient received two sessions and in another patient two different targets were irradiated in the same session). Prior to radiosurgery, six patients received conventional external fractionated radiotherapy, with two lateral fields of up to 10 × 10 cm. and a mean dose of 55.1 Gy. and another six patients with tumours less than 5 cm. in diameter, received stereotactic radiotherapy using four fields of up to 5 × 5 cm. and a mean dose of 53.1 Gy. I…

Available evidence on re-irradiation with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy following high-dose previous thoracic radiotherapy for lung malignancies

2015

Patients affected with intra-thoracic recurrences of primary or secondary lung malignancies after a first course of definitive radiotherapy have limited therapeutic options, and they are often treated with a palliative intent. Re-irradiation with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) represents an appealing approach, due to the optimized dose distribution that allows for high-dose delivery with better sparing of organs at risk. This strategy has the goal of long-term control and even cure. Aim of this review is to report and discuss published data on re-irradiation with SABR in terms of efficacy and toxicity. Results indicate that thoracic re-irradiation may offer satisfactory disease c…

Diagnosis and therapy of vestibular schwannoma.

2009

MRI studies are of paramount importance for diagnosis and follow-up measurements during conservative and postinterventional management of vestibular schwannomas (VS). MRI findings that convey important information for hearing-preservation VS surgery are: length of tumor-cochlear nerve contact, involvement of the internal auditory canal, incomplete filling of internal auditory canal, tumor size less than 15 mm and the intralabyrinthine signal intensity on 3DFT-CISS gradient-echo images. Functional neuro-otologic studies of facial nerve function, hearing and vestibular/balance function provide a valuable means of assessment of the actual impairment of the functional status of the VS patient. …

Neuro-radiosurgery treatments: MRI brain tumor seeded image segmentation based on a cellular automata model

2016

Gross Tumor Volume (GTV) segmentation on medical images is an open issue in neuro-radiosurgery. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most promi-nent modality in radiation therapy for soft-tissue anatomical districts. Gamma Knife stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery is a mini-invasive technique used to deal with inaccessible or insufficiently treated tumors. During the planning phase, the GTV is usually contoured by radiation oncologists using a manual segmentation procedure on MR images. This methodology is certainly time-consuming and op-erator-dependent. Delineation result repeatability, in terms of both intra- and inter-operator reliability, is only obtained by using computer-assisted appr…

Stereotactic Radiotherapy plus Radiosurgical Boost in the Treatment of Large Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

1993

Small sized AVMs respond well to stereotactic radiosurgery, while larger AVMs do poorly with stereotactic radiosurgery or stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy. A combination of both methods is proposed for the treatment of these larger lesions.

Prognostic value of two geriatric screening tools in a cohort of older patients with early stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer treated with hypofraction…

2020

Objectives: To investigatewhether assessmentwith two geriatric screening tools shows a correlationwith clinical outcomes of patients aged 65 years or more, with early-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (es-NSCLC) treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. Methods: FromMarch 2014 to June 2018we retrospectively evaluated 42 patientswith stage I and II lung tumors. Patients were assessed with Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and G8 screening tool. Median age was 74 years (range, 65–91). Stereotactic radiotherapy was performed with Helical Tomotherapy delivering 50–70 Gray (Gy) in 8–10 fractions. Toxicity was evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0 criter…

Clinical support in radiation therapy scenarios: MR brain tumor segmentation using an unsupervised fuzzy C-Means clustering technique

2016

Spinal metastases: Is stereotactic body radiation therapy supported by evidences?

2016

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is becoming widely adopted in the treatment of primary and secondary tumors. Spinal bone metastases are frequently discovered in cancer patients, and in the past have been usually treated with a palliative goal. Nevertheless, in some particular clinical settings, such as oligometastatic patients and/or those with a long life expectancy, spinal SBRT could be considered a valid therapeutic option to obtain long-lasting palliation and, when possible, with a curative goal. This review aims to summarize available clinical and dosimetric data of published studies about spinal SBRT.

NeXt for neuro-radiosurgery: A fully automatic approach for necrosis extraction in brain tumor MRI using an unsupervised machine learning technique

2017

Stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery is a well-established therapy for intracranial diseases, especially brain metastases and highly invasive cancers that are difficult to treat with conventional surgery or radiotherapy. Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most used modality in radiation therapy for soft-tissue anatomical districts, allowing for an accurate gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentation. Investigating also necrotic material within the whole tumor has significant clinical value in treatment planning and cancer progression assessment. These pathological necrotic regions are generally characterized by hypoxia, which is implicated in several aspects of tumor development and gro…

Value of serial magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of brain metastases volume control during stereotactic radiosurgery

2016

AIM To evaluate brain metastases volume control capabilities of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) through serial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging follow-up. METHODS MR examinations of 54 brain metastases in 31 patients before and after SRS were reviewed. Patients were included in this study if they had a pre-treatment MR examination and serial follow-up MR examinations at 6 wk, 9 wk, 12 wk, and 12 mo after SRS. The metastasis volume change was categorized at each follow-up as increased (> 20% of the initial volume), stable (± 20% of the initial volume) or decreased (< 20% of the initial volume). RESULTS A local tumor control with a significant (P < 0.05) volume decrease was observed in 25 meta…