Search results for "Radius"

showing 10 items of 708 documents

The effective neutrino charge radius in the presence of fermion masses

2005

Abstract We show how the crucial gauge cancellations leading to a physical definition of an effective neutrino charge radius persist in the presence of non-vanishing fermion masses. An explicit one-loop calculation demonstrates that, as happens in the massless case, the pinch technique rearrangement of the Feynman amplitudes, together with the judicious exploitation of the fundamental current relation J α ( 3 ) = 2 ( J Z + sin θ w 2 J γ ) α , leads to a completely gauge independent definition of the effective neutrino charge radius. Using the formalism of the Nielsen identities it is further proved that the same cancellation mechanism operates unaltered to all orders in perturbation theory.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyVertex functionFísicaFermionMassless particlesymbols.namesakeAmplitudeCharge radiusQuantum electrodynamicssymbolsPinchFeynman diagramNeutrino
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Measurement of the production of neighbouring jets in lead–lead collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector

2015

This Letter presents measurements of correlated production of nearby jets in Pb+Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurement was performed using 0.14 nb(-1)of data recorded in 2011. The production of correlated jet pairs was quantified using the rate, R-Delta R, of "neighbouring" jets that accompany "test" jets within a given range of angular distance, Delta R, in the pseudorapidity-azimuthal angle plane. The jets were measured in the ATLAS calorimeter and were reconstructed using the anti-ktalgorithm with radius parameters d = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4. R-Delta R was measured in different Pb+Pbcollision centrality bins, characterized…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsJet (fluid)Large Hadron ColliderAngular distanceHadronRadiusCalorimeterNuclear physicsTransverse planemedicine.anatomical_structureAtlas (anatomy)medicineHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentPhysics Letters B
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Bounds on the tau and muon neutrino vector and axial vector charge radius

2002

A Majorana neutrino is characterized by just one flavor diagonal electromagnetic form factor: the anapole moment, that in the static limit corresponds to the axial vector charge radius . Experimental information on this quantity is scarce, especially in the case of the tau neutrino. We present a comprehensive analysis of the available data on the single photon production process $e^+ e^- -> \nu \bar\nu \gamma$ off Z-resonance, and we discuss the constraints that these measurements can set on for the tau neutrino. We also derive limits for the Dirac case, when the presence of a vector charge radius is allowed. Finally, we comment on additional experimental data on $\nu_\mu$ scattering from t…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsNeutral currentAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaEnergíaHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesVectoresFísicaWeinberg angleRadioNuclear physicsMAJORANAHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Charge radiusTau neutrinoCargasMuon neutrinoHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentHigh Energy PhysicsNeutrinoNeutrinosPseudovector
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Systematic study of charged-pion and kaon femtoscopy in Au + Au collisions atsNN=200GeV

2015

We present a systematic study of charged-pion and kaon interferometry in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The kaon mean source radii are found to be larger than pion radii in the outward and longitudinal directions for the same transverse mass; this difference increases for more central collisions. The azimuthal-angle dependence of the radii was measured with respect to the second-order event plane and similar oscillations of the source radii were found for pions and kaons. Hydrodynamic models qualitatively describe the similar oscillations of the mean source radii for pions and kaons, but they do not fully describe the transverse-mass dependence of the oscillations.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsNuclear TheoryCharged particleMomentumNuclear physicsPionCharge radiusTransverse massHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsImpact parameterNuclear ExperimentRelativistic Heavy Ion ColliderEvent (particle physics)Physical Review C
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Spacetime Foam Model of the Schwarzschild Horizon

2003

We consider a spacetime foam model of the Schwarzschild horizon, where the horizon consists of Planck size black holes. According to our model the entropy of the Schwarzschild black hole is proportional to the area of its event horizon. It is possible to express geometrical arguments to the effect that the constant of proportionality is, in natural units, equal to one quarter.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics::General PhysicsEvent horizonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaKerr metricFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)FuzzballPhoton sphereGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsApparent horizonDeriving the Schwarzschild solutionSchwarzschild radiusMathematical physicsHawking radiation
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Uncertainty propagation within the UNEDF models

2016

The parameters of the nuclear energy density have to be adjusted to experimental data. As a result they carry certain uncertainty which then propagates to calculated values of observables. In the present work we quantify the statistical uncertainties of binding energies, proton quadrupole moments, and proton matter radius for three UNEDF Skyrme energy density functionals by taking advantage of the knowledge of the model parameter uncertainties. We find that the uncertainty of UNEDF models increases rapidly when going towards proton or neutron rich nuclei. We also investigate the impact of each model parameter on the total error budget.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPropagation of uncertaintyWork (thermodynamics)ProtonNuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsuncertainty quantificationBinding energyNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesObservableRadius114 Physical sciences01 natural sciences7. Clean energyNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Skyrme energy density functional0103 physical sciencesQuadrupoleNeutronStatistical physics010306 general physicsNuclear Experimenterror propagation
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Lower bound on the proton charge radius from electron scattering data

2019

The proton charge-radius determinations from the electromagnetic form-factor measurements in electron-proton scattering require an extrapolation to zero momentum transfer ($Q^2=0$) which is prone to model-dependent assumptions. We show that the data at finite momentum transfer can be used to establish a rigorous lower bound on the proton charge radius. Using the available $ep$ data at low $Q^2$, we obtain $R_E > 0.850(1)$ fm as the lower bound on the proton radius. This reaffirms the discrepancy between the $ep$ and muonic-hydrogen values, while bypassing the model-dependent assumptions that go into the fitting and extrapolation of the $ep$ data.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsProtonNuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsScattering530 PhysicsMomentum transferExtrapolationFOS: Physical sciencesCharge densityRadius01 natural sciencesUpper and lower boundslcsh:QC1-999Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Charge radius0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physics010306 general physicsNuclear Experimentlcsh:Physics
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On the determination of the proton RMS-radius from electron scattering data

1975

It is shown that the proton rms radius should be determined from fitting a polynomial of second order to the low-q 2 form factors. The commonly used polynomial of first order yields radius values which are too small. The proton rms radius has been redetermined from an analysis of the electron scattering data measured at three laboratories. The best fit value is 〈r E 2 〉1/2=0.87±0.02 fm.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsProtonbusiness.industryScatteringForm factor (quantum field theory)RadiusClassical electron radiusOpticsCharge radiusAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAtomic physicsbusinessNucleonElectron scatteringZeitschrift f�r Physik A: Atoms and Nuclei
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Effects of scintillation light collection on the time resolution of a time-of-flight detector for annihilation quanta

1990

Monte Carlo methods were used to simulate the production and collection of scintillation light in a BaF/sub 2/ crystal. The calculated results were compared to measured values for detectors with different heights. Based on this simulation, a TOF (time-of-flight) detector consisting of two conical BaF/sub 2/ crystals (base radius 18 mm, top radius 15 mm, height 25 mm) was assembled. The total time resolution of this system was (210+or-5) ps FWHM (full width at half maximum) for 511-keV annihilation quanta and was found to be independent of the source position between the detectors. Since the time resolution of the TOF detector system consisting of two conical BaF/sub 2/ crystals is sufficien…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsScintillationAnnihilationTime of flight detectorPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorMonte Carlo methodRadiusNuclear physicsFull width at half maximumOpticsNuclear Energy and EngineeringScintillation counterElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Experience with the ALEPH silicon vertex detector

1992

Abstract The ALEPH experiment [1] at LEP is equipped with a vertex detector [2] using two layers of double-sided silicon strip detectors. These detectors allow a real two-dimensional measurement of charged particle tracks. The present (1991) detector has the inner layer at a radius of 6.5 cm and the outer layer at 11.5 cm. The theta angle coverage is ±33° for the inner layer and ±50° for the outer layer. The inner layer is made out of 9 faces with four silicon detectors each, the outer layer has 15 such faces. We use silicon detectors of 5 × 5 cm 2 and 300 μm thickness. The readout pitch is 100 μm at both sides and using capacitive charge division a resolution in the order of 10 μm can be a…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorchemistry.chemical_elementSTRIPSRadiusALEPHCharged particlelaw.inventionOpticschemistrylawHermetic detectorHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessInstrumentationLayer (electronics)ALEPH experimentNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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