Search results for "Radius"

showing 10 items of 708 documents

The form factor of the pion in point-form of relativistic dynamics revisited

2003

The electromagnetic form factor of the pion is calculated in the "point-form" of relativistic quantum mechanics using simple, phenomenological wave functions. It is found that the squared charge radius of the pion is predicted one order of magnitude larger than the experimental value and the asymptotic behavior expected from QCD cannot be reproduced. The origin of these discrepancies is analyzed. The present results confirm previous ones obtained from a theoretical model and call for major improvements in the implementation of the "point-form" approach.

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]010308 nuclear & particles physicsPoint-form relativistic dynamicsForm factor (quantum field theory)Relativistic dynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesRelativistic quantum mechanics01 natural sciencesPion form factorHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)PionCharge radiusQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsWave functionOrder of magnitude
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KNScattering and the Nucleon Strangeness Radius

1997

The leading non-zero electric moment of the nucleon strange-quark vector current is the mean square strangeness radius, $$. We evaluate the lightest OZI-allowed contribution to $$, arising from the kaon cloud, using dispersion relations. Drawing upon unitarity constraints as well as $K^{+}N$ scattering and $e^+e^-\to K\bar{K}$ cross section data, we find the structure of this contribution differs significantly from that suggested by a variety of QCD-inspired model calculations. In particular, we find evidence for a strong $\phi$-meson resonance which may enhance the scale of kaon cloud contribution to an observable level.

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsParticle physicsNuclear TheoryUnitarityScatteringNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyRadiusStrangenessResonance (particle physics)Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Dispersion relationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentNucleonPhysical Review Letters
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Subjet multiplicity of gluon and quark jets reconstructed with thek⊥algorithm inpp¯collisions

2002

The D empty set Collaboration has studied for the first time the properties of hadron-collider jets reconstructed with a successive-combination algorithm based on relative transverse momenta (k(perpendicular to)) of energy clusters. Using the standard value D = 1.0 of the jet-separation parameter in the k(perpendicular to) algorithm, we find that the p(T) of such jets is higher than the E-T of matched jets reconstructed with cones of radius R = 0.7, by about 5 (8) GeV at p(T) approximate to90 (240) GeV. To examine internal jet structure, the k(perpendicular to) algorithm is applied within D = 0.5 jets to resolve any subjets. The multiplicity of subjets in jet samples at roots = 1800 GeV and…

QuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMultiplicity (mathematics)RadiusJet (particle physics)Deep inelastic scattering01 natural sciencesGluonNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentResummationNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsAlgorithmEvent generatorPhysical Review D
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Mesonic decay of 5ΛHe with quark-model-based hypernuclear wave function

1993

Abstract We have evaluated the mesonic decay of the 5 Λ He hypernucleus by using a Λ wave function generated from the quark cluster model. As a consequence of the Λ N repulsion at short distances we obtain a Λ wave function in the nucleus with a large radius. The smaller overlap with the 4 He core with respect to simpler wave functions and the effect of the pion renormalization increase the mesonic width considerably and one obtains a good reproduction of the experimental data.

QuarkPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryQuark modelRadiusHypernucleusNuclear physicsRenormalizationPionCluster (physics)High Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentWave functionNuclear Physics A
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Jet collimation in NGC 315 and other nearby AGN

2020

Aims. The collimation of relativistic jets in galaxies is a poorly understood process. Detailed radio studies of the jet collimation region have been performed so far in few individual objects, providing important constraints for jet formation models. However, the extent of the collimation zone as well as the nature of the external medium possibly confining the jet are still debated. Methods. In this article we present a multi-frequency and multi-scale analysis of the radio galaxy NGC 315, including the use of mm-VLBI data up to 86 GHz, aimed at revealing the evolution of the jet collimation profile. We then consider results from the literature to compare the jet expansion profile in a samp…

Radio galaxyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsGalaxies: jet01 natural sciencesGalaxies: individual: NGC 315Astrophysical jet0103 physical sciencesThick disk010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Jet (fluid)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusGalaxies: ActiveGalaxyAccretion (astrophysics)Space and Planetary ScienceInstrumentation: high angular resolutionHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSchwarzschild radius
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Number, Mass and Volume Distributions of Mineral Aerosol and Soils of the Sahara

1983

Abstract A direct method will be described to determine the complete mineral size distribution in aerosol (xylene-insoluble component) and soils (water-insoluble component) covering a size range from 0.01 up to 100 μm and 1000 μm radius, respectively, by using a combination of a scanning electron microscope, optical microscope and sieving. Aerosol and soil samples from the Sahara have been investigated. All mineral aerosol size distributions indicate a maximum between 0.06 and 0.08 μm radius and mineral particles have been found in the Aitken size range down to 0.02 μm radius. The concentration decrease toward larger particles is not uniform and shows considerable variations below 0.5 μm an…

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceOptical microscopeSoil testVolume (thermodynamics)Scanning electron microscopelawSoil waterGeneral EngineeringMineralogyRadiusAerosollaw.inventionJournal of Climate and Applied Meteorology
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Discovery of hard phase lags in the pulsed emission of GRO J1744-28

2016

We report on the discovery and energy dependence of hard phase lags in the 2.14 Hz pulsed profiles of GRO J1744-28. We used data from XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. We were able to well constrain the lag spectrum with respect to the softest (0.3--2.3 keV) band: the delay shows increasing lag values reaching a maximum delay of $\sim$ 12 ms, between 6 and 6.4 keV. After this maximum, the value of the hard lag drops to 7 ms, followed by a recovery to a plateau at 9 ms for energies above 8 keV. NuSTAR data confirm this trend up to 30 keV, but the measurements are statistically poorer, and therefore, less constraining. The lag-energy pattern up to the discontinuity is well described by a logarithmic fun…

Reverberation010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesLogarithmLine: identificationLagAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaformation; Line: identification; Stars: individual: (GRO J1744-28); X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [Line]Phase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsX-rays: generalPlateau (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciences010303 astronomy & astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Stars: individual: (GRO J1744-28)Line: formationAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusAstronomy and AstrophysicX-rays: binarieDiscontinuity (linguistics)Space and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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A Maximizing Hydraulic Radius (MHR) method for defining cross-section limits in rills and ephemeral gullies

2021

Abstract In this paper, a new method for determining the cross-section limits in rills and ephemeral gullies is proposed. This method is based on the estimate of the actual depth ha of each cross-section, which is the particular depth distinguishing the channel from the hillslope areas. The analysis showed that the actual depth corresponds to a particular bank slope sta occurring for the maximum value of the hydraulic radius R. The method was applied using a volumetric approach for calculating the hydraulic radius as the ratio between the volume of the whole investigated channel and its boundary lateral surface. The value of the bank slope st was derived by the DEM of the whole channel late…

Rill erosion010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesLateral surfaceScale (ratio)Ephemeral keyStructure from motionGeometry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesRadiusRill limit01 natural sciencesField experimentCross section (physics)Volume (thermodynamics)040103 agronomy & agricultureErosion0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesImage-based ground measurement techniqueSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali3D photo-reconstructionGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesCommunication channel
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Capturing gypsum rillenkarren morphometry by a 3D-photo reconstruction (3D-PR) technique

2020

Abstract Rillenkarren are small scale, straight, narrow solution channels that head at the crest of a bare rock slope and are extinguished downslope. In this paper the applicability of 3D-photo reconstruction technique of the rock surface is proposed for capturing the rillenkarren morphometry on gypsum. At first, the measurements are used to assess a relationship between the width/depth ratio and the depth of the rillenkarren. The exponent of this power relationship resulted different from the theoretical value - 0.5, confirming that the cross-section profiles of a rillenkarren can have a shape different from parabolic. The analysis developed for the cross-section area, the perimeter and th…

RillenkarrenSimilarity (geometry)010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScale (ratio)Feature (archaeology)Close-range photogrammetryMorphometryGeometryRadius010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesErosionCrestPoint (geometry)3D-photo reconstructionGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesDimensionless quantity
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The early B-type star Rho Oph A is an X-ray lighthouse

2017

We present the results of a 140 ks XMM-Newton observation of the B2 star $\rho$ Ophiuchi A. The star has exhibited strong X-ray variability: a cusp-shaped increase of rate, similar to that which we partially observed in 2013, and a bright flare. These events are separated in time by about 104 ks, which likely corresponds to the rotational period of the star (1.2 days). Time resolved spectroscopy of the X-ray spectra shows that the first event is caused by an increase of the plasma emission measure, while the second increase of rate is a major flare with temperatures in excess of 60 MK ($kT\sim5$ keV). From the analysis of its rise, we infer a magnetic field of $\ge300$ G and a size of the f…

Rotation periodStars: activity010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMagnetismAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesHot spot (veterinary medicine)Astrophysics01 natural sciencesSpectral linelaw.inventionStars: early-typelaw0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsX-rays: star010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Stars: magnetic fieldStarspotStars: individual: Rho OphiuchiInstitut für Physik und AstronomieAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusAstronomy and AstrophysicAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceStarspotAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsLow MassAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFlare
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