Search results for "Randomized Controlled Trial"
showing 10 items of 2199 documents
Incidence and clinical importance of perioperative histamine release: randomised study of volume loading and antihistamines after induction of anaest…
1994
Although histamine release is recognised as a common event during anaesthesia and surgery, few clinicians judge the resultant cardiorespiratory disturbances serious enough to warrant prophylaxis with antihistamines. We have assessed the incidence and importance of histamine release in a randomised 2 x 2 factorial study. 240 patients representing a routine throughput of major general surgery were studied during a standardised induction of anaesthesia and preoperative loading of the circulation with either Ringer solution or Haemaccel-35, with or without antihistamine prophylaxis with dimetindene (H1) plus cimetidine (H2). Cardiorespiratory disturbances were graded as detectable, clinically r…
Determination of Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria
2020
Importance: There are inconsistencies in concept, criteria, practice, and documentation of brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) both internationally and within countries. Objective: To formulate a consensus statement of recommendations on determination of BD/DNC based on review of the literature and expert opinion of a large multidisciplinary, international panel. Process: Relevant international professional societies were recruited to develop recommendations regarding determination of BD/DNC. Literature searches of the Cochrane, Embase, and MEDLINE databases included January 1, 1992, through April 2020 identified pertinent articles for review. Because of the lack of high-quali…
Budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy: a new treatment approach for adult patients with asthma.
2007
An inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or an ICS/long-acting beta(2)-agonist (LABA) combination plus short-acting beta(2)-agonist (SABA) as needed for symptom relief is recommended for persistent asthma. Additionally, budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART, AstraZeneca, Sweden) has been approved for adults in the European Union. This option is well tolerated and offers greater reductions in asthma exacerbations together with similar improvements in daily symptom control, at a lower overall steroid load, compared with fixed-dose ICS/LABA plus SABA.Two large clinical trials investigated the use of budesonide/formoterol as maintenance and reliever compared with medium…
Overall asthma control: the relationship between current control and future risk.
2009
Background Asthma guidelines emphasize both maintaining current control and reducing future risk, but the relationship between these 2 targets is not well understood. Objective This retrospective analysis of 5 budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART Turbuhaler ∗ ∗Symbicort SMART and Turbuhaler are trademarks owned by AstraZeneca. Neither the Symbicort SMART posology nor the dry powder formulation Turbuhaler are currently approved in the United States.) studies assessed the relationship between asthma control questionnaire (ACQ-5) and Global Initiative for Asthma-defined clinical asthma control and future risk of instability and exacerbations. Methods The perc…
Two mesalazine regimens in the prevention of the post-operative recurrence of Crohn's disease: a pragmatic, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
2003
Summary Background : The role of mesalazine in preventing the clinical recurrence of Crohn's disease after surgery has been shown in a meta-analysis of all published studies. No clear relationship, however, has been shown between dosage and response. Aim : To evaluate whether 4.0 g/day of mesalazine may offer therapeutic advantages over 2.4 g/day in the prevention of both endoscopic and clinical post-operative recurrence of Crohn's disease. Methods : The study was a double-blind, randomized, multi-centre, prospective, controlled clinical trial. Two hundred and six patients, submitted to first or second intestinal resection for Crohn's disease limited to the terminal ileum, with or without i…
Routine Use of Budesonide/Formoterol Fixed Dose Combination in Elderly Asthmatic Patients: Practical Considerations
2017
Asthma has been demonstrated to be as common in the elderly as in younger age groups. Although no specific recommendations exist to manage the disease differently in older individuals, functional features and clinical presentations may be affected by age per se, and by age-related conditions, such as comorbidities and polypharmacy. In this review article, we aimed to explore the efficacy and safety in elderly asthmatic patients of one of the most currently used inhaled treatments for asthma, that is, the fixed-dose combination of budesonide/formoterol. We attempted to address some practical questions that are relevant to the daily practice of clinicians. We focused on the efficacy and real-…
Regular versus as-needed budesonide and formoterol combination treatment for moderate asthma: A non-inferiority, randomised, double-blind clinical tr…
2015
Summary Background Treatment guidelines for patients with moderate persistent asthma recommend regular therapy with a combination of an inhaled corticosteroid and a longacting β 2 agonist plus as-needed rapid-acting bronchodilators. We investigated whether symptom-driven budesonide and formoterol combination therapy administered as needed would be as effective as regular treatment with this combination plus as-needed symptom-driven terbutaline for patients with moderate asthma. Methods In this non-inferiority randomised clinical trial, we recruited adult patients (18–65 years of age) with stable moderate persistent asthma, according to 2006 Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. Patients …
Low-dose budesonide treatment for prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohnʼs disease
1999
Summary and ConclusionAlthough the effect of budesonide was altogether positive in almost all variables studied in this train (e.g. endoscopic and histopathological score, time-to-failure, CDAI, patients' global judgement and rate of side effects), this increase in efficacy was small and the power f
Medical management of Crohn's disease
2011
The medical approach to Crohn's disease has been modified in recent years thanks to the introduction of new therapies, like biologics. Also, well-designed studies and systematic reviews have allowed better evaluation of the role of old drugs like steroids and immunosuppressors. This review aims to evaluate the recent evidence on the medical approach to Crohn's disease in the different settings of the disease.Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses were included in the review. The research on all the studies discussed was based on the Cochrane Library, Medline and Embase, using the following medical subject headings: Crohn's disease, clinical trial, therapy, 5-aminosalicylic acid, ste…
ESRA19-0543 Analgesic effects of dexamethasone when given perineurally or intravenously in the upper arm bone fracture and shoulder joint surgery
2019
Background and aims Shoulder surgery is associated with severe pain. Pain delays rehabilitation and lowers quality of life. Finding adjuvants to the LA to improve analgesia and facilitate mobilization has been the focus of researchers recently. The aim of this work was to investigate which administration methods—dexamethasone perineural or intravenously—prevents pain more effectively. Methods Prospective, randomized study conducted at Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopaedics after ethics committee approval. Study involved 75 patients with upper limb fracture or shoulder joint surgery in RA and GA. Group I: Bupivacaine 0.25% 70 mg + Dexamethasone 8 mg perineurally Group II: Bupivacaine 0.25…