Search results for "Randomized"

Low intensity vs. self-guided Internet-delivered psychotherapy for major depression: A multicenter, controlled, randomized study

2013

Abstract Background Major depression will become the second most important cause of disability in 2020. Computerized cognitive-behaviour therapy could be an efficacious and cost-effective option for its treatment. No studies on cost-effectiveness of low intensity vs self-guided psychotherapy has been carried out. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of low intensity vs self-guided psychotherapy for major depression in the Spanish health system. Methods The study is made up of 3 phases: 1.- Development of a computerized cognitive-behaviour therapy for depression tailored to Spanish health system. 2.- Multicenter controlled, randomized study: A sample (N=450 patients) with mild/mod…

Comparing motivational, self-regulatory and habitual processes in a computer-tailored physical activity intervention in hospital employees - protocol…

2017

Abstract Background Most people do not engage in sufficient physical activity to confer health benefits and to reduce risk of chronic disease. Healthcare professionals frequently provide guidance on physical activity, but often do not meet guideline levels of physical activity themselves. The main objective of this study is to develop and test the efficacy of a tailored intervention to increase healthcare professionals’ physical activity participation and quality of life, and to reduce work-related stress and absenteeism. This is the first study to compare the additive effects of three forms of a tailored intervention using different techniques from behavioural theory, which differ accordin…

Quality assessment of randomized controlled trial abstracts on drug therapy of periodontal disease from the abstracts published in dental Science Cit…

2020

Background Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the highest level of evidence and are likely to influence clinical decision-making. This study evaluated the reporting quality of RCT abstracts on drug therapy of periodontal disease and assessed the associated factors. Material and Methods The Pubmed database was searched for periodontal RCTs published in Science Citation Indexed (SCI) dental journals from 2010/01/01 to 2019/07/17. Information was extracted from the abstracts according to a modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guideline checklist. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and the statistical associations were examined using t…

2017

Objectives Given their flexibility, online interventions may be useful as an outpatient treatment option to support vocational reintegration after inpatient rehabilitation. To that purpose we devised a transdiagnostic psychodynamic online intervention to facilitate return to work, focusing on interpersonal conflicts at the workplace often responsible for work-related stress. Research design and methods In a randomized controlled trial, we included employed patients from cardiologic, psychosomatic and orthopedic rehabilitation with work-related stress or need for support at intake to inpatient rehabilitation after they had given written consent to take part in the study. Following discharge,…

2013

Background: Nonpharmacological secondary prevention of coronary heart disease is considered a safe and effective measure to substantially reduce mortality. Despite the effectiveness of lifestyle changes, the compliance rate of patients is very low mainly due to psychosocial barriers. Psychotherapeutic approaches that address how persons think about themselves and their behaviors appear to have a significant potential for improving health behavior. Methods/design: Against this background, our study aims to examine the feasibility and effects of a Psychodynamic Motivation and Training program (PMT) as compared to one session of advice in exercise training (EX) and treatment as usual (TAU). Fo…

The Effects of Using High-Fidelity Simulation in Undergraduate Nursing Education: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial with a Process Evaluation

2021

Abstract The overall aim of this study was to examine the effects of a high-fidelity simulation on the knowledge and self-confidence of a total of 177 undergraduate nursing students in recognizing and responding to hypovolemia. A randomized experimental pre- and post-test research design with a process evaluation was employed. A significantly larger proportion of students in the intervention group than in the control group increased the number of correct responses in their knowledge and levels of self-confidence postintervention. As enablers for the successful implementation of the intervention, a need for a safe environment, fidelity, and learning in different roles were identified.

SEQUENTIALLY ADJUSTED RANDOMIZATION TO FORCE BALANCE IN CONTROLLED TRIALS WITH UNKNOWN PREVALENCE OF COVARIATES: APPLICATION TO ALCOHOLISM RESEARCH

2005

In treatment outcome studies with small to medium sample sizes (n200), the balance of groups with regard to important factors, which sometimes occur at low prevalence, is indispensable for adequate interpretation. This study tested a method for use in clinical alcoholism research, an uncomplicated procedure for satisfactory randomization of patients to different treatments, taking into account relevant background variables.An easily applicable modification of Efron's biased coin method for the randomization of treatments within strata of unknown but low prevalence was compared with the original approach and alternative methods by computer simulation (10,000 runs). An application example for…

Covariate-constrained Randomization Routine for Achieving Baseline Balance in Cluster-randomized Trials

2017

In cluster-randomized trials, groups or clusters of individuals, rather than individuals themselves, are randomly allocated to intervention or control. In this article, we describe a new command, ccrand, that implements a covariate-constrained randomization procedure for cluster-randomized trials. It can ensure balance of one or more baseline covariates between trial arms by restriction to allocations that meet specified balance criteria. We provide a brief overview of the theoretical background, describe ccrand and its options, and illustrate it using an example.

Exercise training improves peak oxygen consumption and hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary hypertension – A prospective, randomized, controlled t…

2016

Aims: This prospective randomized controlled study investigates the effects of exercise training on peak VO 2 /kg, hemodynamics and further clinically relevant parameters in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients. Methods: Eighty-seven patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and inoperable chronic thromboembolic PH (54% female, 56±15years, 84% WHO functional class III/IV, 53% combination therapy) on stable disease-targeted medication were randomly assigned to a control and training group. Medication remained unchanged during the study period. Non-invasive assessments and right heart catheterization at rest and during exercise were performed at baseline and after 15 weeks. Primary endpoi…

Liver failure after partial hepatic resection: definition, pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment

2008

Liver failure is a dreaded and often fatal complication that sometimes follows a partial hepatic resection. This article reviews the definition, incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors, risk assessment, prevention, clinical features and treatment of post-resectional liver failure (PLF). A systematic, computerized search was performed using key words related to 'partial hepatic resection' and 'liver failure' to review most relevant literature about PLF published in the last 20 years. The reported incidence of PLF ranges between 0.7 and 9.1%. An inadequate quantity or quality of residual liver mass are key events in its pathogenesis. Major risk factors are the presence of comorbid conditions, p…