Search results for "React"
showing 10 items of 9101 documents
The plasma membrane oxidase NtrbohD is responsible for AOS production in elicited tobacco cells
2002
Summary A cDNA encoding a protein, NtrbohD, located on the plasma membrane and homologue to the flavocytochrome of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, was cloned in tobacco. The corresponding mRNA was accumulated when tobacco leaves and cells were treated with the fungal elicitor cryptogein. After elicitation with cryptogein, tobacco cells transformed with antisense constructs of NtrbohD showed the same extracellular alkalinization as the control, but no longer produced active oxygen species (AOS). This work represents the first demonstration of the function of a homologue of gp91–phox in AOS production in elicited tobacco cells.
Cytosolic calcium rises and related events in ergosterol-treated Nicotiana cells
2011
International audience; The typical fungal membrane component ergosterol was previously shown to trigger defence responses and protect plants against pathogens. Most of the elicitors mobilize the second messenger calcium, to trigger plant defences. We checked the involvement of calcium in response to ergosterol using Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi cells expressing apoaequorin in the cytosol. First, it was verified if ergosterol was efficient in these cells inducing modifications of proton fluxes and increased expression of defence-related genes. Then, it was shown that ergosterol induced a rapid and transient biphasic increase of free [Ca2þ]cyt which intensity dep…
Transcription of two blue copper-binding protein isogenes is highly correlated with arbuscular mycorrhizal development in Medicago truncatula.
2010
International audience; Expression profiling of two paralogous arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)-specific blue copper-binding gene (MtBcp1a and MtBcp1b) isoforms was performed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in wild-type Medicago truncatula Jemalong 5 (J5) during the mycorrhizal development with Glomus intraradices for up to 7 weeks. Time-course analysis in J5 showed that expression of both MtBcp1 genes increased continuously and correlated strongly with the colonization intensity and arbuscule content. MtPT4, selected as a reference gene of the functional plant-fungus association, showed a weaker correlation to mycorrhizal development. In a second experiment, a range of mycor…
Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction development for rapid detection of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus and comparison with othe…
2019
Background Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is a highly infectious tobamovirus that causes severe disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crops. In Italy, the first ToBRFV outbreak occurred in 2018 in several provinces of the Sicily region. ToBRFV outbreak represents a serious threat for tomato crops in Italy and the Mediterranean Basin. Methods Molecular and biological characterisation of the Sicilian ToBRFV ToB-SIC01/19 isolate was performed, and a sensitive and specific Real-time RT-PCR TaqMan minor groove binder probe method was developed to detect ToBRFV in infected plants and seeds. Moreover, four different sample preparation procedures (immunocapture, total RNA extractio…
An air-lift biofilm reactor for the production of γ-decalactones by Yarrowia lipolytica
2014
Decalactones are interesting flavouring compounds that can be produced from ricinoleic acid. In this study, the production of lactones in biofilms using Yarrowia lipolytica is investigated. The hydrophobia of cells increased for increased aeration rates resulting in higher adhesion when the reactor wall was hydrophobic (plastic). To increase adhesion, sheets of methyl-polymethacrylate (PMMA) were added in the reactor and the production of lactones increased with the surface of plastic added, reaching 850 mg/L of 3-hydroxy-γ-decalactone for 60 cm2. In an Airlift bioreactor made of PMMA, biofilms were present at the top of the reactor for increased aeration. In the meantime, a metabolic shift…
Regulation of endocytosis by external stimuli in plant cells
2009
International audience; Endocytosis is an essential process for the normal growth and development of eukaryotic cells. This mini-review presents an overview of endocytosis regulation in challenging environmental conditions such as nutrient availability, hormonal treatment or abiotic/biotic stress in plant cells. Recent data establishing a relationship between endocytosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are also discussed.
Free Radicals Mediate Systemic Acquired Resistance
2014
Summary: Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of resistance that protects plants against a broad spectrum of secondary infections. However, exploiting SAR for the protection of agriculturally important plants warrants a thorough investigation of the mutual interrelationships among the various signals that mediate SAR. Here, we show that nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as inducers of SAR in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, genetic mutations that either inhibit NO/ROS production or increase NO accumulation (e.g., a mutation in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase [GSNOR]) abrogate SAR. Different ROS function additively to generate the fatty-acid-derived azel…
Detection and Characterization of Wolbachia Infections in Natural Populations of Aphids: Is the Hidden Diversity Fully Unraveled?
2011
Copyright © 2011 Augustinos et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Aphids are a serious threat to agriculture, despite being a rather small group of insects. The about 4,000 species worldwide engage in highly interesting and complex relationships with their microbial fauna. One of the key symbionts in arthropods is Wolbachia, an a-Proteobacterium implicated in many important biological processes and believed to be a potential tool for biological control. Aphids were thought not to harbour W…
Cross-Talk between ROS and Calcium in Regulation of Nuclear Activities
2010
International audience; Calcium and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are acknowledged as crucial second messengers involved in the response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it is still not clear how these two compounds can play a role in different signaling pathways leading the plant to a variety of processes such as root development or defense against pathogens. Recently, it has been shown that the concept of calcium and ROS signatures, initially discovered in the cytoplasm, can also be extended to the nucleus of plant cells. In addition, it has been clearly proved that both ROS and calcium signals are intimately interconnected. How this cross-talk can finally modulate the tra…
The Sulfated Laminarin Triggers a Stress Transcriptome before Priming the SA- and ROS-Dependent Defenses during Grapevine’s Induced Resistance agains…
2014
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is susceptible to many pathogens which cause significant losses to viticulture worldwide. Chemical control is available, but agro-ecological concerns have raised interest in alternative methods, especially in triggering plant immunity by elicitor treatments. The b-glucan laminarin (Lam) and its sulfated derivative (PS3) have been previously demonstrated to induce resistance in grapevine against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). However, if Lam elicits classical grapevine defenses such as oxidative burst, pathogenesis-related (PR)-proteins and phytoalexin production, PS3 triggered grapevine resistance via a poorly understood priming phenomenon. The aim of this st…