Search results for "React"

ABATEMENT OF ACID ORANGE 7 IN WATER BY DIFFERENT ELECTROCHEMICAL APPROACHES

2014

Very large amounts of synthetic dyes are discharged in the environment from industrial effluents [1]. Due to their large-scale production and extensive application, synthetic dyes can cause considerable nonaesthetic pollution and are serious health-risk factors [2]. Dyes are commonly classified from their chromophore group. The majority of these compounds consumed at industrial scale are azo (–N=N–) derivatives that represent more than 50% of the all dyes used in textile industries, although antraquinone, indigoide, triphenylmethyl, xanthene, sulphur and phtalocyanine derivatives are frequently utilized [3]. Since dyes usually present high stability under sunlight and resistance to microbia…

In Vitro Regeneration of

2019

Three caper (Capparis spinosa L.) biotypes grown on the Sicilian island of Salina (38°33′49″ N) were micropropagated to evaluate two different in vitro culture systems: one using the traditional solid medium, and the other based on liquid culture in a PlantForm bioreactor. PlantForm is a temporary immersion system (TIS), a new propagation method in which the shoots undergo temporary immersion in a liquid medium in order to avoid the accumulation of gas through forced ventilation. This study proposes a protocol to improve the efficiency of in vitro propagation of caper plants, while also reducing production costs, because of the elimination of the gelling agent, and manual labor, requiring l…

Green conditions for the Suzuki reaction using microwave irradiation and a new HNT- supported ionic liquid-like phase (HNT-SILLP) catalyst

2014

A new catalytic system based on modified halloysite nanotubes was employed in the Suzuki reaction under microwave irradi- ation. A set of solvents, times and bases was screened and the best experimental conditions were obtained when the reactions were carried out for 10 min in water–ethanol at 120 °C in presence of K2CO3 as base. Good recyclability was observed. The new catalytic system was employed using either 1 mol% or 0.1 mol%. The palladium catalyst displayed good activity, allowing the synthesis of several biphenyl compounds in high yield working with only 0.1 mol% palladium loading. The application of mi- crowave irradiation decreased the reaction time and also improved conversion wi…

Revisiting the disappearance of terrestrial dissolved organic matter in the ocean: A δ13C study

2014

Abstract. Organic carbon (OC) depleted in 13 C is a widely used tracer for terrestrial organic matter (OM) in aquatic sys- tems. Photochemical reactions can, however, change δ 13 C of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) when chromophoric, aromatic-rich terrestrial OC is selectively mineralized. We assessed the robustness of the δ 13 C signature of DOC ( δ 13 C DOC ) as a tracer for terrestrial OM by estimating its change during the photobleaching of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) from 10 large rivers. These rivers cumulatively ac- count for approximately one-third of the world’s freshwater discharge to the global ocean. Photobleaching of CDOM by simulated solar radiation was associated with the photoch…

Mutacje w mitochondrialnym DNA i reaktywne formy tlenu jako czynniki wpływające na procesy starzenia się komórek i organizmów

2016

On-Surface Reactions

2015

On-surface synthesis constitutes a rapidly growing field of research due to its promising application for creating stable molecular structures on surfaces. While self-assembled structures rely on reversible interactions, on-surface synthesis provides the potential for creating long-term stable structures with well-controlled properties, for example superior electron transport for future molecular electronic devices. On-surface synthesis holds the promise for preparing insoluble compounds that cannot be produced in solution. Another highly exciting aspect of on-surface synthesis is the chance to discover new reaction pathways due to the two-dimensional confinement of the reaction educts. In …

MULTIFUNCTION REACTOR

2022

Described herein is a reactor (1) includes: a first reaction volume (V1), a second reaction volume (V2), wherein: the first reaction volume (V1) is in fluid communication with an inlet port for an oxidizer agent (OX_IN), an inlet port for at least one first reactant (R1_IN) and an outlet port for at least one reaction product (P1_OUT), said second reaction volume (V2) is in fluid communication with an inlet port for at least one second reactant (R2_IN), an outlet port for at least one second reaction product (P2_OUT) and is furthermore in thermal exchange relationship with said first reaction volume (V1), wherein, during operation, in said first reaction volume (V1) an oxidation reaction oc…

Application of Molecular Topology for the Prediction of Reaction Yields and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Heterocyclic Amidine Derivatives

2011

Topological-mathematical models based on multiple linear regression analyses have been built to predict the reaction yields and the anti-inflammatory activity of a set of heterocylic amidine derivatives, synthesized under environmental friendly conditions, using microwave irradiation. Two models with three variables each were selected. The models were validated by cross-validation and randomization tests. The final outcome demonstrates a good agreement between the predicted and experimental results, confirming the robustness of the method. These models also enabled the screening of virtual libraries for new amidine derivatives predicted to show higher values of reaction yields and anti-infl…

Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: The MeDALL success story

2016

MeDALL Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 20 (10) -2015 proposed an innovative approach to develop early indicators for the prediction, diagnosis, prevention and targets for therapy(.) MeDALL linked epidemiological, clinical and basic research using a stepwise, large-scale and integrative approach: precisely phenotyped children followed in 14 birth cohorts spread across Europe were combined with systems biology omics, IgE measurement using micro-arrays and environmental data(.) Multimorbidity in the same child is more common than expected by chance alone, suggesting that these diseases share causal mechanisms irrespective of IgE sensitisation(.) IgE …

Evidence of Partial Seniority Conservation in the pi g9/2 Shell for the N=50 Isotones

2022

The reduced transition probabilities for the 4-> and 2->0 transitions in 92Mo and 94Ru and for the 4->2 and 6->4 transitions in 90Zr have been determined in this experiment making use of a multinucleon transfer reaction. These results have been interpreted on the basis of realistic shell-model calculations in the f5/2, p3/2, p1/2, and g9/2 proton valence space. Only the combination of extensive lifetime information and large scale shell-model calculations allowed the extent of the seniority conservation in the N=50 g9/2 orbital to be understood. The conclusion is that seniority is largely conserved in the first πg9/2 orbital.