Search results for "Reaction"

showing 10 items of 6134 documents

Kinetic solvent effects on the reaction of an aromatic ketone pi,pi* triplet with phenol. rate-retarding and rate-accelerating effects of hydrogen-bo…

2007

Quenching of the 2-benzoylthiophene π,π* triplet, 3BT*, by phenol yields the corresponding ketyl and phenoxyl radicals. Reaction rates were measured in 10 solvents having a range of hydrogen-bond acceptor strengths (β2H values). There appear to be two mechanisms:  (i) a bimolecular reaction of 3BT* with “free” (i.e., not H-bonded) phenol in which the 3BT* accepts both a proton and an electron from the phenol, the rate decreasing as β2H increases; (ii) a trimolecular reaction of 3BT* with phenol that is H-bonded to a solvent molecule, PhO−H···S, in which the proton goes to the S and the electron to the 3BT*, the rate increasing as β2H increases.

Quenching (fluorescence)ChemistryRadicalGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryBiochemistryAcceptorCatalysisReaction ratechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryKetylPhenolPi interactionSolvent effectsJournal of the American Chemical Society
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The interplay of crystallization kinetics and morphology during the formation of SnO2 nanorods: snapshots of the crystallization from fast microwave …

2011

A microwave-assisted reaction pathway to rutile SnO2nanorods was investigated. The microwave-treatment significantly reduces the reaction time compared to standard hydro-/solvothermal techniques. By moving the overall process into a shorter time slot, the growth and crystal formation during the reaction could be monitored via snapshots by trapping the intermediates through quenching. To gain a better insight into the template-free growth of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, a parameter-dependent (various temperatures/pressures and times were investigated) study was carried out. For all materials, the phase purity and crystallite sizes were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Th…

QuenchingMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryReaction intermediateCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionCrystalsymbols.namesakeChemical engineeringlawsymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceNanorodCrystalliteCrystallizationRaman spectroscopyPowder diffractionCrystEngComm
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Structure evolution and reaction mechanism in the Ni/Al reactive multilayer nanofoils

2014

Abstract The extremely rapid gasless reactions in binary Ni/Al reactive multilayer nanofoils (RMNFs) are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The quenching technique is used to study the dynamics of structural transformation on the micro- and nanoscales. The experimentally obtained patterns of structural evolution related to the heterogeneous reactions are compared with the results of molecular dynamics simulations carried out for the same reactive system. Based on the obtained data, the intrinsic mechanism of the reaction in Ni/Al RMNF is considered, which adequately explains the unusual parameters of a gasless combustion wave in such a system.

QuenchingReaction mechanismMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMetals and AlloysCombustionStructural evolutionStructural transformationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMolecular dynamicsComputational chemistryChemical physicsCeramics and CompositesReactive systemActa Materialia
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Expand your body when you look at yourself: The role of the posture in a mirror exposure task

2018

Mirror exposure (ME) is one of the main components of the treatment of patients with eating disorders symptomatology and it has shown its effectiveness in improving several outcomes (e.g., body dissatisfaction). However, the study as to what body posture should be adopted to maximize its effectiveness has been neglected. From embodied cognition and emotion theories, the adoption of an expansive (vs. contractive) body posture has been associated with positive changes in cognitive and emotional responses. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of adopting an expansive (vs. contractive) posture before an ME task on body-related emotions and cognitions, as well as to analyze the …

Questionnaires050103 clinical psychologyPsychometricsEmotionsHappinessPsychological interventionlcsh:MedicineSocial SciencesPersonal SatisfactionDevelopmental psychologyBody Mass IndexCognitionLearning and MemorySurveys and QuestionnairesPsychologylcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinary05 social sciencesCognitionModerationEating disordersResearch DesignEngineering and TechnologyFemalePsychologyResearch ArticleAdultMediation (statistics)PsychometricsCognitive NeurosciencePostureEquipmentResearch and Analysis Methods050105 experimental psychologyHuman LearningMotor ReactionsYoung AdultOpenness to experiencemedicineBody ImageLearningHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesMeasurement EquipmentSurvey Researchlcsh:RCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesFeeding Behaviormedicine.diseaseSelf ConceptPostural ControlEmbodied cognitionCognitive Sciencelcsh:QNeuroscience
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Unequal distribution of RT-PCR artifacts along the E1-E2 region of Hepatitis C virus.

2009

Although viral variability studies have focused traditionally on consensus sequences, the relevance of molecular clone sequences for studying viral evolution at the intra-host level is being increasingly recognized. However, for this approach to be reliable, RT-PCR artifacts do not have to contribute excessively to the observed variability. Molecular clone sequences were obtained from an in vitro transcript to estimate the maximum error rate associated to RT-PCR for the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) E1-E2 region. On average, the frequency of RT-PCR errors was one order of magnitude lower than the level of intra-host genetic variability observed in samples from an HCV outbreak. However, RT-PCR err…

RNA virusHepatitis C virusMutational hotspotHepacivirusBiologymedicine.disease_causeDisease OutbreaksViral Envelope ProteinsVirologyGenetic variationmedicineConsensus sequenceSequencingHumansGenetic variabilityVariabilityGeneticsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMolecular cloningRNA virusbiology.organism_classificationHepatitis CReverse transcriptaseHypervariable regionHypervariable regionViral evolutionRNA ViralArtifactsJournal of virological methods
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Protection against myxomatosis and rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease with recombinant myxoma viruses expressing rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsi…

1996

Two myxoma virus-rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) recombinant viruses were constructed with the SG33 strain of myxoma virus to protect rabbits against myxomatosis and rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease. These recombinant viruses expressed the RHDV capsid protein (VP60). The recombinant protein, which is 60 kDa in size, was antigenic, as revealed by its reaction in immunoprecipitation with antibodies raised against RHDV. Both recombinant viruses induced high levels of RHDV- and myxoma virus-specific antibodies in rabbits after immunization. Inoculations by the intradermal route protected animals against virulent RHDV and myxoma virus challenges.

RNA virusesHemorrhagic Disease Virus Rabbitanimal diseasesvirusesLeporipoxviruslaw.invention0403 veterinary sciencelawVIRUS RECOMBINEComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSCaliciviridae Infections[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology0303 health sciencesVaccines SyntheticMyxomatosisLagovirus04 agricultural and veterinary sciences3. Good healthLagovirusCapsid[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/VirologyRecombinant DNAcardiovascular systemRabbitsReassortant VirusesLeporipoxvirusResearch Article040301 veterinary sciencesImmunologyDNA RecombinantMyxoma virusBiologyMicrobiologyVirus03 medical and health sciencesMyxomatosis InfectiousImmunity reactionsVirologyReassortant VirusesmedicineAnimalsRabbit diseasesRecombinant vaccinescardiovascular diseasesImmune response030304 developmental biologyViral Structural ProteinsViral infectionsMyxoma virusbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyMédecine vétérinaire et santé animalInsect ScienceExperimental infectionsDNA ViralDNA virusesJournal of virology
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APOBEC4 Enhances the Replication of HIV-1

2016

APOBEC4 (A4) is a member of the AID/APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases. In this study we found a high mRNA expression of A4 in human testis. In contrast, there were only low levels of A4 mRNA detectable in 293T, HeLa, Jurkat or A3.01 cells. Ectopic expression of A4 in HeLa cells resulted in mostly cytoplasmic localization of the protein. To test whether A4 has antiviral activity similar to that of proteins of the APOBEC3 (A3) subfamily, A4 was co-expressed in 293T cells with wild type HIV-1 and HIV-1 luciferase reporter viruses. We found that A4 did not inhibit the replication of HIV-1 but instead enhanced the production of HIV-1 in a dose-dependent manner and seemed to act on the viral L…

RNA virusesMale0301 basic medicineMolecular biologylcsh:MedicineArtificial Gene Amplification and ExtensionCytidinePathology and Laboratory MedicineVirus ReplicationBiochemistryPolymerase Chain ReactionJurkat cellschemistry.chemical_compoundCytidine deaminationImmunodeficiency VirusesTranscription (biology)TestisMedicine and Health Scienceslcsh:SciencePromoter Regions GeneticMultidisciplinaryCytidineTransfectionEnzymesImmunoblot AnalysisMedical MicrobiologyDeaminationViral PathogensViruses293T cellsCell linesPathogensOxidoreductasesBiological culturesLuciferaseResearch ArticleMolecular Probe TechniquesDNA constructionBiologyMicrobiologyCell Line03 medical and health sciencesCytidine DeaminaseRetrovirusesHumansMicrobial PathogensHIV Long Terminal Repeat030102 biochemistry & molecular biologylcsh:RLentivirusHEK 293 cellsOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesHIVProteinsPromoterMolecular biologyResearch and analysis methodsMolecular biology techniques030104 developmental biologychemistryPlasmid ConstructionHIV-1Enzymologylcsh:QEctopic expressionCloningPLOS ONE
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Unraveling the role of the secretor antigen in human rotavirus attachment to histo-blood group antigens

2019

25 Páginas, 7 figuras, 2 tablas

RNA virusesRotavirusViral DiseasesPhysiologyViral Nonstructural ProteinsPathology and Laboratory MedicineCrystallography X-Raymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryBinding AnalysisReovirusesImmune PhysiologyRotavirusMedicine and Health SciencesChemical PrecipitationBiology (General)Antigens ViralGastroenterologiachemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesImmune System ProteinsCrystallographyMolecular StructurebiologyPhysics030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyChemical ReactionsRNA-Binding ProteinsCondensed Matter PhysicsLigand (biochemistry)Amino acidChemistryInfectious DiseasesMedical MicrobiologyViral PathogensVirusesPhysical SciencesCrystal StructurePathogensCrystallizationResearch ArticleChemical ElementsGlycanQH301-705.5Virus RNAViral proteinImmunologyResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyABO Blood-Group SystemCell Line03 medical and health sciencesAntigenVirologyGeneticsmedicineSolid State PhysicsHumansAntigensBinding siteMicrobial PathogensMolecular BiologyRotavirus InfectionChemical Characterization030304 developmental biologyChemical PhysicsBinding SitesBiology and life sciencesMutagenesisOrganismsProteinsRC581-607Molecular biologyCarbonchemistrybiology.proteinCapsid ProteinsParasitologyImmunologic diseases. AllergyPLOS Pathogens
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In silico strategy for detection of target candidates for antibody therapy of solid tumors

2008

In contrast to earlier attempts for the identification of target candidates suitable for monoclonal antibody (mAb) based cancer therapies we concentrated on highly selective lineage-specific genes additionally preserved or even overexpressed in orthotopic cancers. In a script aided workflow we reduced all human entries of the RefSeq mRNA database to those encoding transmembrane domain bearing gene products and subjected them to BLAST analysis against the human EST database. All BLAST results were validated in a gene centric way allowing two types of data curation prior to expression profiling of matching ESTs in selected healthy tissues: (i) exclusion of questionable ESTs arising e.g. from …

RNA Messenger/geneticsDatabases Factualmedicine.drug_classIn silicoAntineoplastic AgentsBiologyMonoclonal antibodyComputational biologyNeoplasmsNeoplasms/immunologyGeneticsRefSeqmedicineHumansRNA MessengerGeneAntibodies Monoclonal/immunologyGeneticsExpressed Sequence TagsExpressed sequence tagReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionAntineoplastic Agents/therapeutic useAntibodies MonoclonalGeneral MedicineTumor antigenGenes/physiologyGene expression profilingTransmembrane domainGenes
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High-precision mass measurements and production of neutron-deficient isotopes using heavy-ion beams at IGISOL

2019

An upgraded ion-guide system for the production of neutron-deficient isotopes with heavy-ion beams has been commissioned at the IGISOL facility with an $^{36}\mathrm{Ar}$ beam on a $^{\mathrm{nat}}\mathrm{Ni}$ target. It was used together with the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap to measure the masses of $^{82}\mathrm{Zr}, ^{84}\mathrm{Nb}, ^{86}\mathrm{Mo}, ^{88}\mathrm{Tc}$, and $^{89}\mathrm{Ru}$ ground states and the isomeric state $^{88}\mathrm{Tc}^{m}$. Of these, $^{89}\mathrm{Ru}$ and $^{88}\mathrm{Tc}^{m}$ were measured for the first time. The precision of measurements of $^{82}\mathrm{Zr}, ^{84}\mathrm{Nb}$, and $^{88}\mathrm{Tc}$ was significantly improved. The literature value for $^…

RPPHASEONLINE7. Clean energy01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesbinding energy and massesPENNING TRAPS0103 physical sciencesNeutron010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsisotoopitSpinsIsotope010308 nuclear & particles physicsenergy levels and level densitiesRAMSEY METHODGAMMAPenning trapAtomic massSPECTROMETRYProduction (computer science)Heavy ionlow and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactionsAtomic physicsydinfysiikkaNUCLEAR-MASSESBeam (structure)Physical Review C
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