Search results for "Reaction"
showing 10 items of 6134 documents
Suppression and Replacement Gene Therapy for Autosomal Dominant Disease in a Murine Model of Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa
2011
For dominantly inherited disorders development of gene therapies, targeting the primary genetic lesion has been impeded by mutational heterogeneity. An example is rhodopsin-linked autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa with over 150 mutations in the rhodopsin gene. Validation of a mutation-independent suppression and replacement gene therapy for this disorder has been undertaken. The therapy provides a means of correcting the genetic defect in a mutation-independent manner thereby circumventing the mutational diversity. Separate adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors were used to deliver an RNA interference (RNAi)-based rhodopsin suppressor and a codon-modified rhodopsin replacement gene res…
The influence of backslopping on lactic acid bacteria diversity in tarhana fermentation
2020
Tarhana is produced at batch systems in which the microbiota has changed accordingly to the microbial load from ingredients. In order to stabilize the microbiota, the effects of backslopping carried out under different temperature regimes (25 and 30 °C), pH (3.70 and 4.00) and inoculation rates (5, 10 and 15%) on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) diversity were determined in tarhana dough. LAB and Total Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria (TAMB) numbers increased in all tarhana dough samples subjected to backslopping. Temperature and pH significantly affected the microbiological diversity of tarhana whereas the different inoculation rates did not. Tarhana dough showed complex tarhana microbiota following …
Modelling groundwater processes in a carbonate catchment: a case study from the Madonie area (Northern Sicily)
2011
Abstract This study reports on the results of a hydrogeochemical survey carried out in the Madonie area, a carbonate massif located in Palermo Province, Northern Sicily. The large dataset (226 collected sites) is used to highlight the processes controlling the distribution of dissolved chemicals in groundwaters; and, more importantly, to develop a general model (based on reaction-path modelling, and using the EQ3/6 code) of rock–water reactions in a carbonate environment. The investigated groundwater samples have conductivity between 31.7 and 8220 μS/cm; their total dissolved solids (TDS) content is higher near the coast area, where the seawater contribution becomes important. Calcium and H…
Translocation of Cations During Sorption of Copper in the System Solution - Algae (Spirogyra sp.)/Translokacja Kationów Podczas Procesu Sorpcji Miedz…
2014
Zbadano kinetykę procesu sorpcji kationów miedzi w glonach Spirogyra sp. oraz towarzyszące mu procesy sorpcji kationów wodorowych i procesy uwalniania do roztworu kationów związanych w glonach: Na+, Mg2+, K+ i Ca2+. Stwierdzono, że w układzie statycznym, przy stałym stosunku masy glonów do objętości roztworu, procesy te zachodzą równocześnie, przy czym należy przypuszczać, że ilość uwalnianych soli ma wpływ na parametry heterofazowej równowagi wymiany jonowej. W warunkach prowadzenia eksperymentu ilość uwolnionych kationów była blisko 10-krotnie większa niż ilość kationów sorbowanych. Porównano parametry równowagi wyznaczone z modelu reakcji pseudo-drugiego rzędu z parametrami uzyskanymi po…
First measurement of the Sivers asymmetry for gluons using SIDIS data
2017
The Sivers function describes the correlation between the transverse spin of a nucleon and the transverse motion of its partons. It was extracted from measurements of the azimuthal asymmetry of hadrons produced in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering of leptons off transversely polarised nucleon targets, and it turned out to be non-zero for quarks. In this letter the evaluation of the Sivers asymmetry for gluons in the same process is presented. The analysis method is based on a Monte Carlo simulation that includes three hard processes: photon-gluon fusion, QCD Compton scattering and leading-order virtual-photon absorption process. The Sivers asymmetries of the three processes are simul…
Escaping scaling relationships for water dissociation at interfacial sites of zirconia-supported Rh and Pt clusters
2019
<p>Water dissociation is an important reaction involved in many industrial processes and a good model reaction for probing the activity of catalytic sites. In this computational study, the dissociation of water at interfacial sites of globally optimized ZrO2 sup- ported Pt and Rh clusters is investigated under the framework of density functional theory. Our findings demonstrate that the perimeter sites of these small clusters can activate water, but the dissociation behavior varies considerably between sites. It is shown that the studied clusters break scaling relationships for water dissociation, suggesting these catalysts may achieve activities beyond the maximum imposed by such rel…
A synergic nanoantioxidant based on covalently modified halloysite–trolox nanotubes with intra-lumen loaded quercetin
2016
We describe the preparation and properties of the first example of a synergic nanoantioxidant, obtained by different functionalizations of the external surface and the inner lumen of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Trolox, a mimic of natural α-tocopherol, was selectively grafted on the HNT external surface; while quercetin, a natural polyphenolic antioxidant, was loaded into the inner lumen to afford a bi-functional nanoantioxidant, HNT–Trolox/Que, which was investigated for its reactivity with transient peroxyl radicals and a persistent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙) radical in comparison with the corresponding mono-functional analogues HNT–Trolox and HNT/Que. Both HNT–Trolox and HNT/Q…
GREEN CONDITIONS FOR THE SUZUKI REACTIONS BY USING MICROWAVE IRRADIATION AND MODIFIED HALLOYSITE/Pd CATALYST
2014
Halloysite nanotube (HNT) is an emerging biocompatible material with appealing perspective for technological applications, such as in catalysis1 and in pharmaceutical research.2 Halloysite is a double-layered aluminosilicate mineral that has a predominantly hollow tubular structure. The functionalization of HNTs is a good strategy to introduce an organic moiety onto the external surface and, therefore, to obtain innovative catalyst supports.3 We have modified the external surface of halloysite nanotube with octylimidazolium moieties (HNT-IL) by microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions and we have have employed this material as support catalyst of Pd nanoparticles. The new HNT/Pd cat…
SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF CATALYTIC ACTIVITY IN WATER AND MICROWAVE IRRADIATION OF A NEW SUPPORT BASED ON HNT TRIAZOLIUM SALTS
2014
In the last years SILLP (supported ionic liquid-like phase)-based materials prepared by covalent attachment have been synthesized [1]. Recently, we have synthesized a palladium-based catalytic system using halloysite nanotubes modified with octylimidazolium moieties and we have tested it in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction under traditional heating, microwave irradiation and a very small amount of Pd catalyst [2,3]. It is known that support based on triazole motif showed superior activity to the analogous imidazole molecules [4] so, we have focused our attention to develop a new SILLP system with triazolium moiety. Herein we report the synthesis of an original Pd-dicationic triazolium sup…
Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of the Redox Behavior of the Heterodichalcogenido Ligands [(EPiPr2)(TePiPr2)N]− (E = S, Se): Cyclic Catio…
2008
The two-electron oxidation of the lithium salts of the heterodichalcogenidoimidodiphosphinate anions [(EPiPr2)(TePiPr2)N]− (1a, E = S; 1b, E = Se) with iodine yields cyclic cations [(EPiPr2)(TePiPr2)N]+ as their iodide salts [(SPiPr2)(TePiPr2)N]I (2a) and [(SePiPr2)(TePiPr2)N]I (2b). The five-membered rings in 2a and 2b both display an elongated E−Te bond as a consequence of an interaction between tellurium and the iodide anion. One-electron reduction of 2a and 2b with cobaltocene produces the neutral dimers (EPiPr2NPiPr2Te−)2 (3a, E = S; 3b, E = Se), which are connected exclusively through a Te−Te bond. Two-electron reduction of 2a and 2b with 2 equiv of cobaltocene regenerates the corresp…